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Phenological and pomological characterization of promising loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) cultivars suitable for the Mediterranean climate

Year 2023, Volume: 36 Issue: 2, 59 - 64, 01.08.2023

Mustafa Kızıl Coskun Durgac

https://doi.org/10.29136/mediterranean.1233047

Abstract

This study was conducted during the 2017 and 2018 growing seasons to determine the yield performances, phenological and pomological characteristics of ten 21-year-old loquat cultivars grown under Mediterranean conditions at Dörtyol, Hatay, Turkey. The flowering of the cultivars was observed in detail and the earliest flowering was found in ‘Akko XIII’ and the latest in ‘Ottaviani’ cultivars. Among the tested cultivars, the highest yield was found in ‘Champion’ (168 kg tree-1, 387.36 g cm-2) whereas the earliest and latest ripening cultivars were found as ‘Akko XIII’ and ‘Lapta M’, respectively. The highest values in terms of fruit weight, seed weight and seed number were obtained from ‘Baduna 5’ variety as 50.60 g, 9.59 g and 4.50 fruits, respectively. In terms of fruit flesh/seed ratio, ‘Hafif Çukurgöbek’ (5.33) had the highest value, while ‘Lapta M’ (3.29) had the lowest. The highest total soluble solids, pH and acidity values were measured in ‘Hafif Çukurgöbek’ (13.70%), ‘Lapta B2’ (3.85) and ‘Lapta M’ (1.15), respectively. The cultivars used in the study were compared using the Weighted-Rankit Method according to their important characteristics and the cultivar ‘Hafif Cukurgöbek’ got the highest score. However, the results showed that most of the cultivars used in the experiment, except ‘Lapta M’, could be grown economically in the Mediterranean climate.

Keywords

Loquat Cultivar Pomology Phenology Yield

References

  • Akkuş S, Polat AA (2022) Effect of some quince rootstocks on inflorescence properties, flowering and fruit set in loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.). KSU Journal of Agriculture and Nature 25(2): 253-257. doi: doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.910339.
  • Balcı MA (2015) Research on the pomological characteristics of loquat genotypes (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) grown in the central district of Trabzon province. MSC Thesis. Ordu University, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Horticulture, Ordu, Turkey.
  • Caldeira ML, Crane H (1999) Evaluation of loquats (Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl) at the Tropical Research and Education Center, Homestead. Proceedings Florida State Horticultural Society 112: 187-190.
  • Çelikyurt M, Sayin B, Tepe S (2011) Loquat production in the West Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Acta Horticulturae 887: 127-129. doi: doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2011.887.20.
  • Demir S (1987) Loquat cultivation. Turkish Republic Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Rural Affairs Antalya Citrus Research Institute Directorate. General Publication No. 12, Antalya.
  • Dhiman A, Suhag R, Thakur D, Gupta V, Prabhakar PK (2021) Current status of loquat (Eriobotrya Japonica Lindl.): Bioactive functions, Preservation approaches, and Processed products, Food Reviews International. doi: doi.org/10.1080/87559129.2020.1866007.
  • Durgac C, Polat AA, Kamiloglu Ö (2006) Determining performances of some loquat (Eriobotrya Japonica Lindl) cultivars under Mediterranean coastal conditions in Hatay, Turkey. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science 34(3): 225-230.
  • Erdogdu H (1987) Investigations on phenological and pomological characteristics of some local and foreign loquat cultivars. Unpublished MSC thesis, University of Çukurova, Institute of Natural Science, Adana, Turkey.
  • Eti S, Kaşka N, Kurnaz Ş, Kılavuz M (1990) The relationships between pollen production amount, viability level and germination ability and fruit set in some native loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) cultivars. TUBİTAK Nature Journal 14: 421-430.
  • Ferreres F, Gomes D, Valentao P, Gonçalves R, Pio R, Chages EA, Seabra MR, Andrade PB (2009) Improved Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) Cultivars: Variation and Antioxidative Potential. Food Chemistry 114: 1019-1027.
  • Gurtler JB, Mai TL (2014) Traditional Preservatives – Organic Acids. In: M. Stratford, Encyclopedia of Food Microbiology Volume 3. Elsevier Academic Press, pp. 1729-1737.
  • Insero O, Rega P, De Luca A (2003) Comparison among ten loquat cultivars in Campania area, 11-13 April 2002, Valencia (Spain). Options Méditerranéennes: Série A. Séminaires Méditerranéens 58: 67-70.
  • Karabıyık, Ş, Eti, S (2015) Determination of pollen viability, germination levels and production amounts of some loquat cultivars at different flowering periods. Fruit Science 2(1): 42-48.
  • Kızıl M (2019) Determination of Yield, Quality and Fruit Set Rates of Some Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) Cultivars in Dörtyol (Hatay) Ecological Conditions. MSC Thesis, University of Mustafa Kemal, Institute of Natural Science, Hatay, Turkey.
  • Lin S, Sharpe RH, Janick J (1999) In: Jules Janick (Ed.), Loquat: Botany and Horticulture, Horticultural Reviews, 23. Wiley, New York, 234-276.
  • Lin S, Huang X, Cuevas J, Janick J (2007) Loquat: An Ancient Fruit Crop with a Promising Future. Chronıca Hortıculturae 47(2): 12-15.
  • Llácer G, Badenes ML, Martínez Calvo J (2003) Plant material of loquat in Mediterranean countries. First International Symposium on Loquat, 11-13 April 2002, Valencia (Spain). Options Méditerranéennes. Série A. Séminaires Méditerranéens 58: 45-52.
  • Özdemir F, Topuz A (1997) Some physical and chemical properties of loquat. Food Journal 22(5): 389-393.
  • Paydaş S, Kaska N, Gubbuk H (1991) Adaptation of some local and foreign loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) cultivars under Adana ecological conditions (1987-1989 periods). Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Çukurova University 6(2): 17-26.
  • Paydaş S, Kaşka N, Polat AA, Gübbük H (1992) Adaptations of some domestic and foreign loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) cultivars to Adana ecological conditions (1990-1991 Research period). I. Turkish National Horticultural Congress, Volume I: 509-513, 13-16 September 1992, İzmir, Turkey.
  • Polat AA (1996) An important fruit species for Mediterranean region of Turkey: Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.). Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Mustafa Kemal University 1996 1(1): 39-46.
  • Polat AA, Durgac C, Kamiloğlu O, Çalışkan O (2003) The effects of planting density and greenhouse cultivation on earliness, yield and fruit quality in loquats. TUBİTAK TOGTAG, 2336.
  • Polat AA, Çalışkan O (2011a) Fruit quality and yield characteristics of some loquat genotypes in Dörtyol, Turkey. Acta Horticulturae 887: 293-298.
  • Polat AA, Çalışkan O (2011b) Determination of Fruit Set Ratios of Loquat Genotypes in the Mediterranean Coastal Region of Turkey. Acta Horticulturae. 887: 309-313.
  • Polat AA, Turunç P (2015) Effects of Canopy Orientation on Fruit Quality of Seven Loquat Cultivars. Acta Horticulturae 1092: 139-142.
  • Razeto B, Reginato G, Rojas S (2003) Chemical thinning of loquat with naphthalene acetic acid. HortTechnology 13(1): 128-132.
  • Steel R GD, Torrie JH (1980). Principles and procedures of statistics, a biometrical approach (No. Ed. 2). McGraw-Hill Kogakusha, Ltd.
  • Tepe S (2013) Effects of different rootstocks on fruit quality and storage in Akko XII and Gold Nugget loquat cultivars. PhD thesis, University of Süleyman Demirel, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Horticulture, Isparta, Turkey.
  • Tepe S, Koyuncu MA (2020) Effects of different rootstocks on fruit quality of ‘Gold Nugget’ loquat cultivar. Acta Horticulturae 1292:31-36. Doi: doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2020.1292.4.
  • Uzun A, Seday U, Turkay C (2012) Fruit quality parameters and molecular characterization of some loquat accessions. Pakistan Journal of Botany 44(1): 209-213.
  • Yalcin H, Paydaş S (1995) Adaptation of some local and foreign loquat (Eriobotrya japonica lindl.) cultivars under Adana ecological conditions (1995 period). II. Turkish National Horticultural Congress Volume 1: 648-652.
  • Yazgan A (1979) Horticultural experimental methods. Alata Horticultural Research Institute Publications. Erdemli/Mersin.
  • Yilmaz H, Sen B, Ayanoğlu H (1995) Adaptation of some loquat (Eriobotrya japonica lindl.) cultivars under Erdemli Ecological conditions. II. Turkish National Horticultural Congress Volume 1: 638-642.

Phenological and pomological characterization of promising loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) cultivars suitable for the Mediterranean climate

Year 2023, Volume: 36 Issue: 2, 59 - 64, 01.08.2023

Mustafa Kızıl Coskun Durgac

https://doi.org/10.29136/mediterranean.1233047

Abstract

This study was conducted during the 2017 and 2018 growing seasons to determine the yield performances, phenological and pomological characteristics of ten 21-year-old loquat cultivars grown under Mediterranean conditions at Dörtyol, Hatay, Turkey. The flowering of the cultivars was observed in detail and the earliest flowering was found in ‘Akko XIII’ and the latest in ‘Ottaviani’ cultivars. Among the tested cultivars, the highest yield was found in ‘Champion’ (168 kg tree-1, 387.36 g cm-2) whereas the earliest and latest ripening cultivars were found as ‘Akko XIII’ and ‘Lapta M’, respectively. The highest values in terms of fruit weight, seed weight and seed number were obtained from ‘Baduna 5’ variety as 50.60 g, 9.59 g and 4.50 fruits, respectively. In terms of fruit flesh/seed ratio, ‘Hafif Çukurgöbek’ (5.33) had the highest value, while ‘Lapta M’ (3.29) had the lowest. The highest total soluble solids, pH and acidity values were measured in ‘Hafif Çukurgöbek’ (13.70%), ‘Lapta B2’ (3.85) and ‘Lapta M’ (1.15), respectively. The cultivars used in the study were compared using the Weighted-Rankit Method according to their important characteristics and the cultivar ‘Hafif Cukurgöbek’ got the highest score. However, the results showed that most of the cultivars used in the experiment, except ‘Lapta M’, could be grown economically in the Mediterranean climate.

Keywords

Loquat Cultivar Pomology Phenology Yield

References

  • Akkuş S, Polat AA (2022) Effect of some quince rootstocks on inflorescence properties, flowering and fruit set in loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.). KSU Journal of Agriculture and Nature 25(2): 253-257. doi: doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.910339.
  • Balcı MA (2015) Research on the pomological characteristics of loquat genotypes (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) grown in the central district of Trabzon province. MSC Thesis. Ordu University, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Horticulture, Ordu, Turkey.
  • Caldeira ML, Crane H (1999) Evaluation of loquats (Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl) at the Tropical Research and Education Center, Homestead. Proceedings Florida State Horticultural Society 112: 187-190.
  • Çelikyurt M, Sayin B, Tepe S (2011) Loquat production in the West Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Acta Horticulturae 887: 127-129. doi: doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2011.887.20.
  • Demir S (1987) Loquat cultivation. Turkish Republic Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Rural Affairs Antalya Citrus Research Institute Directorate. General Publication No. 12, Antalya.
  • Dhiman A, Suhag R, Thakur D, Gupta V, Prabhakar PK (2021) Current status of loquat (Eriobotrya Japonica Lindl.): Bioactive functions, Preservation approaches, and Processed products, Food Reviews International. doi: doi.org/10.1080/87559129.2020.1866007.
  • Durgac C, Polat AA, Kamiloglu Ö (2006) Determining performances of some loquat (Eriobotrya Japonica Lindl) cultivars under Mediterranean coastal conditions in Hatay, Turkey. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science 34(3): 225-230.
  • Erdogdu H (1987) Investigations on phenological and pomological characteristics of some local and foreign loquat cultivars. Unpublished MSC thesis, University of Çukurova, Institute of Natural Science, Adana, Turkey.
  • Eti S, Kaşka N, Kurnaz Ş, Kılavuz M (1990) The relationships between pollen production amount, viability level and germination ability and fruit set in some native loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) cultivars. TUBİTAK Nature Journal 14: 421-430.
  • Ferreres F, Gomes D, Valentao P, Gonçalves R, Pio R, Chages EA, Seabra MR, Andrade PB (2009) Improved Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) Cultivars: Variation and Antioxidative Potential. Food Chemistry 114: 1019-1027.
  • Gurtler JB, Mai TL (2014) Traditional Preservatives – Organic Acids. In: M. Stratford, Encyclopedia of Food Microbiology Volume 3. Elsevier Academic Press, pp. 1729-1737.
  • Insero O, Rega P, De Luca A (2003) Comparison among ten loquat cultivars in Campania area, 11-13 April 2002, Valencia (Spain). Options Méditerranéennes: Série A. Séminaires Méditerranéens 58: 67-70.
  • Karabıyık, Ş, Eti, S (2015) Determination of pollen viability, germination levels and production amounts of some loquat cultivars at different flowering periods. Fruit Science 2(1): 42-48.
  • Kızıl M (2019) Determination of Yield, Quality and Fruit Set Rates of Some Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) Cultivars in Dörtyol (Hatay) Ecological Conditions. MSC Thesis, University of Mustafa Kemal, Institute of Natural Science, Hatay, Turkey.
  • Lin S, Sharpe RH, Janick J (1999) In: Jules Janick (Ed.), Loquat: Botany and Horticulture, Horticultural Reviews, 23. Wiley, New York, 234-276.
  • Lin S, Huang X, Cuevas J, Janick J (2007) Loquat: An Ancient Fruit Crop with a Promising Future. Chronıca Hortıculturae 47(2): 12-15.
  • Llácer G, Badenes ML, Martínez Calvo J (2003) Plant material of loquat in Mediterranean countries. First International Symposium on Loquat, 11-13 April 2002, Valencia (Spain). Options Méditerranéennes. Série A. Séminaires Méditerranéens 58: 45-52.
  • Özdemir F, Topuz A (1997) Some physical and chemical properties of loquat. Food Journal 22(5): 389-393.
  • Paydaş S, Kaska N, Gubbuk H (1991) Adaptation of some local and foreign loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) cultivars under Adana ecological conditions (1987-1989 periods). Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Çukurova University 6(2): 17-26.
  • Paydaş S, Kaşka N, Polat AA, Gübbük H (1992) Adaptations of some domestic and foreign loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) cultivars to Adana ecological conditions (1990-1991 Research period). I. Turkish National Horticultural Congress, Volume I: 509-513, 13-16 September 1992, İzmir, Turkey.
  • Polat AA (1996) An important fruit species for Mediterranean region of Turkey: Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.). Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Mustafa Kemal University 1996 1(1): 39-46.
  • Polat AA, Durgac C, Kamiloğlu O, Çalışkan O (2003) The effects of planting density and greenhouse cultivation on earliness, yield and fruit quality in loquats. TUBİTAK TOGTAG, 2336.
  • Polat AA, Çalışkan O (2011a) Fruit quality and yield characteristics of some loquat genotypes in Dörtyol, Turkey. Acta Horticulturae 887: 293-298.
  • Polat AA, Çalışkan O (2011b) Determination of Fruit Set Ratios of Loquat Genotypes in the Mediterranean Coastal Region of Turkey. Acta Horticulturae. 887: 309-313.
  • Polat AA, Turunç P (2015) Effects of Canopy Orientation on Fruit Quality of Seven Loquat Cultivars. Acta Horticulturae 1092: 139-142.
  • Razeto B, Reginato G, Rojas S (2003) Chemical thinning of loquat with naphthalene acetic acid. HortTechnology 13(1): 128-132.
  • Steel R GD, Torrie JH (1980). Principles and procedures of statistics, a biometrical approach (No. Ed. 2). McGraw-Hill Kogakusha, Ltd.
  • Tepe S (2013) Effects of different rootstocks on fruit quality and storage in Akko XII and Gold Nugget loquat cultivars. PhD thesis, University of Süleyman Demirel, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Horticulture, Isparta, Turkey.
  • Tepe S, Koyuncu MA (2020) Effects of different rootstocks on fruit quality of ‘Gold Nugget’ loquat cultivar. Acta Horticulturae 1292:31-36. Doi: doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2020.1292.4.
  • Uzun A, Seday U, Turkay C (2012) Fruit quality parameters and molecular characterization of some loquat accessions. Pakistan Journal of Botany 44(1): 209-213.
  • Yalcin H, Paydaş S (1995) Adaptation of some local and foreign loquat (Eriobotrya japonica lindl.) cultivars under Adana ecological conditions (1995 period). II. Turkish National Horticultural Congress Volume 1: 648-652.
  • Yazgan A (1979) Horticultural experimental methods. Alata Horticultural Research Institute Publications. Erdemli/Mersin.
  • Yilmaz H, Sen B, Ayanoğlu H (1995) Adaptation of some loquat (Eriobotrya japonica lindl.) cultivars under Erdemli Ecological conditions. II. Turkish National Horticultural Congress Volume 1: 638-642.
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Mustafa Kızıl This is me 0000-0002-6286-1274

Coskun Durgac 0000-0001-5724-678X

Publication Date August 1, 2023
Submission Date January 25, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 36 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kızıl, M., & Durgac, C. (2023). Phenological and pomological characterization of promising loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) cultivars suitable for the Mediterranean climate. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences, 36(2), 59-64. https://doi.org/10.29136/mediterranean.1233047
AMA Kızıl M, Durgac C. Phenological and pomological characterization of promising loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) cultivars suitable for the Mediterranean climate. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences. August 2023;36(2):59-64. doi:10.29136/mediterranean.1233047
Chicago Kızıl, Mustafa, and Coskun Durgac. “Phenological and Pomological Characterization of Promising Loquat (Eriobotrya Japonica) Cultivars Suitable for the Mediterranean Climate”. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences 36, no. 2 (August 2023): 59-64. https://doi.org/10.29136/mediterranean.1233047.
EndNote Kızıl M, Durgac C (August 1, 2023) Phenological and pomological characterization of promising loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) cultivars suitable for the Mediterranean climate. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences 36 2 59–64.
IEEE M. Kızıl and C. Durgac, “Phenological and pomological characterization of promising loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) cultivars suitable for the Mediterranean climate”, Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 59–64, 2023, doi: 10.29136/mediterranean.1233047.
ISNAD Kızıl, Mustafa - Durgac, Coskun. “Phenological and Pomological Characterization of Promising Loquat (Eriobotrya Japonica) Cultivars Suitable for the Mediterranean Climate”. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences 36/2 (August 2023), 59-64. https://doi.org/10.29136/mediterranean.1233047.
JAMA Kızıl M, Durgac C. Phenological and pomological characterization of promising loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) cultivars suitable for the Mediterranean climate. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences. 2023;36:59–64.
MLA Kızıl, Mustafa and Coskun Durgac. “Phenological and Pomological Characterization of Promising Loquat (Eriobotrya Japonica) Cultivars Suitable for the Mediterranean Climate”. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences, vol. 36, no. 2, 2023, pp. 59-64, doi:10.29136/mediterranean.1233047.
Vancouver Kızıl M, Durgac C. Phenological and pomological characterization of promising loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) cultivars suitable for the Mediterranean climate. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences. 2023;36(2):59-64.
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