Türk Youtube Fenomenlerindeki Riskli Davranışların İncelenmesi, Video İçerik Analizi

Öz

Amaç: İnternet kullanımında özellikle Youtube kullanımı, bugünün çocuklarının ve ergenlerinin en yaygın faaliyetlerinden biridir. Dünya pazarındaki etkileri nedeniyle YouTube fenomenlerinin videolarında farklı ticari ürünlere özendirme, madde kullanımı teşvik, beden algısına yönelik tutumlar ve siber zorbalık son dönemde dikkat çekmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı YouTube fenomenlerinin paylaştığı videoları incelemek ve riskli davranışlar açısından detaylı bir şekilde analiz etmektir. Yöntem: 2019 yılı Temmuz-Kasım ayları arasında gerçekleştirilmiş bu çalışmada Türkiye’deki en popüler ilk 15 YouTuberun video paylaşımları incelendi. Youtuberların isimleri ve hesapları gizlenerek her bir hesap rastgele numaralandırıldı ve fenomenler sahip oldukları abone sayısına göre sıralandı. Çalışmanın evreni videoları incelenen 15 youtuberların toplam 12.382 videosu olarak tespit edildi. Hesaplanan örneklem büyüklüğüne göre youtuberların toplam video sayılarına orantılı olarak en fazla izlenen 740 video (etki büyüklüğü=0.15; güç=0.90; α-0.05) incelendi. İncelenen tüm videolarda araştırmacılar tarafından belirlenmiş riskli davranışlar; kötü beslenme, küfür-argo kullanımı, fiziksel şiddet, sigara-alkol kullanımı, beden algılayışı ile ilgili olumsuz içerik, reklam ve ürün yerleştirme, okullara yönelik olumsuz içerik, ekran kullanımını öven içerik, ebeveynlerin fenomenliği övdüğü içerik ve siber zorbalık incelendi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 740 videoda toplamda 2208 olumsuz içerik saptanmıştır. En sık rastlanan olumsuz içerik %58.0’ı (430) fiziksel şiddet, %55.1’i (408) küfür/argo, % 47.8 ‘i (354) ürün yerleştirme, %30.2’si (224) siber zorbalık ve azalan oranlarla diğer olumsuz içeriklerden oluşmaktaydı. Toplam olumsuz içeriklerin fenomenlere göre dağılımı ise şu şekildedir. Olumsuz içeriklerin %24.1’i (541) Fenomen 12, %20.15’i (445) Fenomen 2, %12.55’i (277) Fenomen 5, %10.42’si (230) Fenomen 10 ve azalan oranlarla diğer fenomenlere ait idi. Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonucuna dayanarak çocuk ve genç nüfusta YouTube kullanımının bu kadar yoğun olduğu bir dönemde YouTubelar tarafından oluşturulan paylaşımların beden ve ruh sağlığı üzerine sakıncaları olabileceği düşünülmüştür. Video paylaşım sitelerinin ve yasa koyucuların bu alanda sınırlama ve denetimlerinin çok önemli olduğu, bununla birlikte başta ebeveynlerin ve toplumdaki tüm bireylerin hassasiyet göstermeleri, uygun yönlendirmeler ve denetimler yapmaları gerektiği kanaatine varıldı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• youtuber
• fenomen
• youtube
• video içeriği
• riskli davranış

Assessment of Risky Behavior of Turkish Youtube Phenomens, Video Content Analysis

Öz

Aim: In the internet usage, especially the use of Youtube is one of the most common activities of today's children and adolescents. Due to its effects on the world market, the videos of YouTube phenomena have recently attracted attention to different commercial products, substance use incentives, attitudes towards body perception and cyberbullying. The aim of this study is to investigate the shared videos of youtube influencer and to analyze detailed in terms of risky behaviors. Methods: 2019 In this study was conducted between July and November has been viewed 15 Youtuber's most popular video sharing first in Turkey. The names and accounts of the Youtubers were hidden, each account was randomly numbered, and the phenomena were ranked according to the number of subscribers they had. The universe of the study was determined as a total of 12,382 videos of 15 youtubers whose videos were examined. Results: According to the calculated sample size, the 740 videos most watched (effect size = 0.15; power = 0.90; α-0.05) in proportion to the total number of videos of Youtubers were examined. Risky behaviors determined by the researchers in all the videos examined; Malnutrition, swearing-slang, physical violence, smoking and alcohol use, negative content about body perception, advertisement and product placement, negative content for schools, content praising screen use, content praised by parents for the phenomenon, and cyberbullying were analyzed. In 740 videos included in the study, a total of 2208 negative content was detected. The most common negative content was 58.0% (430) physical violence, 55.1% (408) swearing / slang, 47.8% (354) product placement, 30.2% (224) cyberbullying and other negative content with decreasing rates consisted of contents. The distribution of total negative content according to the phenomena is as follows. 24.1% of the negative contents (541) belonged to Phenomenon 12, 20.15% (445) to Phenomenon 2, 12.55% (277) to Phenomenon 5, 10.42% (230) to Phenomenon 10 and decreasing rates of other phenomena. Conclusion: In our study, we thought that such videos could be harmful to the physical and mental health of children and young people who watch youtubers' videos intensively. It was concluded that the limitations and controls of video sharing sites and legislators are very important in this area, however, especially parents and all individuals in the society should show sensitivity, make appropriate guidance and supervision.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• youtuber
• phenomenon
• youtube
• video content
• risky behavior

Kaynakça

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