Relationship between Vitamin D and chronic kidney disease

Öz

Vitamin D is an essential micronutrient that has important effects on human health. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is very high that affects many systems in the body. Approximately one billion people around the world have a vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. Looking at the sources of vitamin D, sunlight is the main source of the vitamin D. There are very few foods that naturally contain vitamin D, in addition, some foods are fortified with this vitamin. Thus, insufficient sunlight exposure is the main cause of vitamin D deficiency. Although this vitamin is primarily considered an important nutrient in bone physiology, it is at the center of the optimal functioning of other organ systems, including the endocrine, cardiovascular and immune systems. Mild and moderate vitamin D deficiency has been associated with autoimmune diseases, hypertension, common cancers, infectious diseases, diabetes, and heart failure. Deficiency of this vitamin is becoming a worldwide health problem both in the general population and especially in patients with Chronic Renal Failure (CRF). Many observational studies have revealed a significant association between vitamin D deficiency and impaired glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and increased mortality in patients with CRF. The purpose of this review is to provide information about the sources of vitamin D, level of competence, its relationship with diseases, and to explore the findings of studies on relationship between vitamin D patients with CRF.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Vitamin D
• Chronic Renal Failure
• Vitamin D Deficiency

D Vitamini ve Kronik Böbrek Hastalıkları ile İlişkisi

Öz

D vitamini, insan sağlığı için önemli etkileri olan temel bir mikro besin maddesidir. Vücutta birçok sistemi etkileyen D vitamini eksikliğinin prevalansı oldukça yüksektir. D vitamini eksikliği veya yetersizliği Dünyada yaklaşık olarak bir milyar insanda vardır. D vitamininin kaynaklarına bakıldığında, esas kaynağı, güneş ışığına maruz kalmaktır. D vitaminini doğal olarak içeren çok az besin vardır, ek olarak bazı gıdalar bu vitaminle güçlendirilmiştir. Bu yüzden, D vitamini eksikliğinin asıl sebebi yetersiz güneş ışığı maruziyetidir. Bu vitamin temel olarak kemik fizyolojisinde önemli bir besin öğesi olarak düşünülse de, endokrin, kardiyovasküler ve bağışıklık sistemleri de dahil olmak üzere diğer organ sistemlerinin optimal işleyişinin merkezinde yer alır. Hafif ve orta şiddette D vitamini eksikliği otoimmün hastalıklar, hipertansiyon, sık görülen kanserler, enfeksiyöz hastalıklar, diyabet ve kalp yetmezliği ile ilişkili bulunmuştur. Bu vitaminin eksikliği hem genel popülasyonda hem de özellikle Kronik Böbrek Yetmezliği (KBY) olan hastalarda dünya çapında bir sağlık sorunu haline gelmektedir. Birçok gözlemsel araştırma, D vitamini eksikliği ile bozulmuş glomerüler filtrasyon hızı (GFR) ve KBY'li hastalarda artmış mortalite arasında önemli bir ilişki olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bu derlemenin amacı, D vitaminin kaynakları, yeterlilik düzeyi, hastalıklarla olan ilişkisi gibi konular hakkında bilgi vermek ve Kronik Böbrek Yetmezliği olan hastalarda D vitamini metabolizmasındaki değişiklikleri saptamak ve bu değişiklikleri önlemek amacıyla yapılan çalışma sonuçlarını ortaya koymaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• D Vitamini
• D Vitamini Eksikliği
• Kronik Böbrek Yetmezliği

Kaynakça

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