Cardiovascular biomarkers in pulmonary hypertension- current applications and future directions

Abstract

Biomarkers are non-invasive tools, which can be very useful in diagnosis and prognosis of a specific disease. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a serious health condition, characterized by increased pulmonary arterial pressure, elevated pulmonary vascular resistance often leading to right heart failure. It may significantly worse patients’ life quality and lead to lethal outcome if not treated properly. Nowadays, there is an increasing interest on PH markers and more specifically how they can contribute in the diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of the development of this disease. Recent studies on biomarkers in PH suggest several novel and promising molecules, which can be potentially useful in PH work-up and follow-up strategies. This review focuses on biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of PH via well-known and some novel cardiovascular disease (CVD) indicators associated with heart failure, myocardial remodelling and injury. Current understandings assume that CVD biomarkers can indicate not only heart abnormalities, but also pulmonary vascular system injury.

Keywords

• pulmonary hypertension
• biomarkers
• heart
• lung
• pulmonary arterial hypertension

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