The effect of scaling and root planing on salivary cortisol levels in patients with moderate chronic periodontitis

Abstract

Periodontitis is known as one of the most prevalent inflammatory oral diseases. Glucocorticoid hormones such as cortisol, produced by the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis can influence all processes and tissues in human body homeostasis. Typically, the glucocorticoids have been regarded as anti-inflammatory substances and have pro-inflammatory effect in the body. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment (NPT) on cortisol levels in patients with moderate chronic periodontitis (MCP). Saliva samples were collected from 42 participants with MCP before and two months after scaling and root planing (SRP). Salivary cortisol levels (SCLs) were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay method. The relationship between clinical periodontal parameters such as gingival index (GI) and probing pocket depth (PPD) with cortisol levels was assessed and analyzed by statistical analysis. was statistically analyzed The SCLs were significantly lower after treatment than before treatment (p=0.02). The GI and PPD showed significant differences (p<0.001, p=0.001, respectively). There was a positive relationship between these periodontal parameters and cortisol levels, the correlation between GI and cortisol levels was not statistically significant (p = 0.19) and there was a borderline significant correlation between PPD and SCLs (p = 0.06). In the present study, the SCLs were related to NPT. The treatment improved clinical periodontal parameters.

Keywords

• Glucocorticoid
• Cortisol
• Scaling and root planing
• Chronic periodontitis
• Saliva

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