Systemic lupus erythematosus and early-onset preeclampsia during pregnancy: Clinical challenges and therapeutic approach—A case report

Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with multiorgan involvement that predominantly affects women of reproductive age. Pregnancy in patients with SLE poses a significant clinical challenge due to the increased risk of maternal and fetal complications, especially in the setting of active disease. We present the case of a 38-year-old woman with SLE and a history of adverse obstetric outcomes who spontaneously conceived during a period of high immunological activity. The pregnancy was complicated by severe early-onset preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and threatening eclampsia, necessitating emergency cesarean delivery at 30 weeks of gestation. The neonate required prolonged admission to a neonatal intensive care unit. In the postpartum period, disease activity subsided, allowing for the initiation of targeted biological therapy, which led to clinical stabilization. This case highlights the importance of preconception planning, close monitoring, and a multidisciplinary approach in achieving a favorable pregnancy outcome in patients with SLE. Timely diagnosis and the use of modern therapeutic strategies can significantly improve both maternal and neonatal prognosis in pregnant women with SLE.

Keywords

• systemic lupus erythematosus
• pregnancy
• preeclampsia
• complications

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