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Depresyon Tanısı Alan Hastalarda Hoşgörü, Affetme ve Depresyon Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişki

Year 2023, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 282 - 287, 06.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.26453/otjhs.1127599

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, depresyon tanısı alan hastalarda hoşgörü, affetme ve depresyon düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Materyal ve Metot: Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de bir hastanenin psikiyatri polikliniğinde 80 hasta ile yapılmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında, Beck Depresyon Envanteri, Hoşgörü Ölçeği ve Heartland Affetme Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Veriler, SPSS (21.0) istatistik programı kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Bu çalışmada Beck Depresyon Envanteri ve Hoşgörü Ölçeği puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak orta düzeyde anlamlı negatif bir ilişki olduğu belirlenirken, Beck Depresyon Envanteri ve Heartland Affetme Ölçeği puan ortalamaları arasında negatif yönde zayıf bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Ayrıca hoşgörü ve affetmenin depresyonu negatif yönde yordadığı belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Depresyonun düzeyinin azaltılmasında, hoşgörü ve affetmeyi içeren müdahaleler için bu çalışmanın sonuçlarından yararlanılabilir.

References

  • Fugger G, Dold M, Bartova L, et al. Comorbid thyroid disease in patients with major depressive disorder-results from the European Group for the Study of Resistant Depression (GSRD).  Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2018;28(6):752-760. doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.03.011
  • Dold M, Bartova L, Fugger G, et al. Melancholic features in major depression–a European multicenter study. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2021;110:110285. doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110285
  • De Kloet ER, Otte C, Kumsta R, et al. Stress and depression: A crucial role of the mineralocorticoid receptor. J Neuroendocrinol. 2016;28(8). doi:10.1111/jne.12379
  • Jacobson LH, Vlachou S, Slattery DA, Li X, Cryan JF. The gamma-aminobutyric acid B receptor in depression and reward. Biol Psychiatry. 2018;83(11):963-976. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.02.006
  • İskit Y. The effect of five-step anger management program on anger level in adults. İbn Haldun University, Graduate Education Institute, Department of Clinical Psychology, Master Thesis. İstanbul, Türkiye. 2019.
  • Alhashmi M, Bakali N, Baroud R. Tolerance in UAE Islamic education textbooks. Religion. 2020;11(8):377. doi:10.3390/rel11080377
  • Verkuyten M, Kollar R. Tolerance and intolerance: Cultural meanings and discursive usage. Culture & Psychology. 2021;27(1):172-186. doi:10.1177/1354067X20984356
  • Gül YE, Alimbekov A. Öğretmen adaylarının hoşgörü ve yaşam doyum düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Turkish Studies. 2020;15(2):831-849. doi:10.29228/TurkishStudies.39864
  • Özsarı A, Hamdi P, Şirin P, Fişekçioğlu İB. Taekwondo sporcularının hoşgörü eğilimlerinin incelenmesi. Ulusal Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2021;5(1):40-50. doi:10.30769/usbd.925647
  • Aydoğan E. Hoşgörünün liberal yorumu: John Stuart Mill. Kaygı. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi. 2018;30: 83-91. doi:10.20981/kaygi.412223
  • Palm KM, Follette VM. The roles of cognitive flexibility and experiential avoidance in explaining psychological distress in survivors of interpersonal victimization. J Psychopathol Behav Assess. 2011;33(1):79-86. doi:10.1007/s10862-010-9201-x
  • Lawler-Row KA, Karremans JC, Scott C, Edlis-Matityahou M, Edwards L. Forgiveness, physiological reactivity and health: The role of anger. Int J Psychophysiol. 2008;68(1):51-58. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.01.001
  • Brose LA, Rye MS, Lutz-Zois C, Ross SR. Forgiveness and personality traits. Pers Individ Dif. 2005;39(1):35-46. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2004.11.001
  • Kaleta K, Mróz J. Forgiveness and life satisfaction across different age groups in adults. Pers Individ Dif. 2018;120:17-23. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2017.08.008
  • Skalski JE, Aanstoos C. The phenomenology of change beyond tolerating. J Humanis Psychol. 2019. doi:10.1177/0022167819830782
  • Strelan P. Justice and forgiveness in interpersonal relationships. Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 2018;27(1):20-24. doi:10.1177/0963721417734311
  • Rey L, Extremera N. Positive psychological characteristics and interpersonal forgiveness: Identifying the unique contribution of emotional intelligence abilities, Big Five traits, gratitude and optimism. Pers Individ Dif. 2014;68:199-204. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2014.04.030
  • Beck AT, Steer RA. Internal consistencies of the original and revised Beck Depression Inventory. J Clin Psychol. 1984;40(6):1365-1367.
  • Hisli N. The validity and reliability of Beck Depression Inventory for university students. Psikoloji Dergisi. 1989;7:3-13.
  • Demirci İ, Ekşi H. Keep calm and be happy: A mixed method study from character strengths to well-being. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice. 2018;18(29):303–354. doi:10.12738/estp.2018.2.0799
  • Thompson LY, Snyder CR, Hoffman L, et al. Dispositional forgiveness of self, others, and situations. J Pers. 2005;73(2):313-359. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2005.00311.x
  • Bugay A, Demir A. A Turkish version of heartland forgiveness scale. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2010;5:1927-1931. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.07.390
  • Allen TA, Carey BE, Mcbride C, Bagby RM, DeYoung CG, Quilty LC. Big Five aspects of personality interact to predict depression. J Pers. 2018;86(4):714-725. doi:10.1111/jopy.12352
  • Jourdy R, Petot JM. Relationships between personality traits and depression in the light of the “Big Five” and their different facets. L'évolution Psychiatrique. 2017;82(4):27-37. doi:10.1016/j.evopsy.2017.08.002
  • Lan T, Jia X, Lin D, Liu X. Stressful life events, depression, and non-suicidal self-injury among Chinese left-behind children: Moderating effects of self-esteem. Front Psychiatry. 2019;10:244. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00244
  • Lim GY, Tam WW, Lu Y, Ho CS, Zhang MW, Ho RC. Prevalence of depression in the community from 30 countries between 1994 and 2014. Sci Rep. 2018;8:2861. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-21243-x
  • Warsah, I. Forgiveness viewed from positive psychology and Islam. IGCJ: Islamic Guidance and Counseling Journal. 2020;3(2):108-121. doi:10.25217/igcj.v3i2.878
  • Krause N. Assessing the relationships among race, religion, humility, and self-forgiveness: A longitudinal investigation. Current Perspectives on Aging and the Life Cycle. 2015;24:66–74. doi:10.1016/j.alcr.2015.02.003
  • Fincham FD. Towards a psychology of divine forgiveness. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality. 2020. doi:10.1037/rel0000323
  • Toktas S. Examining the levels of forgiveness and psychological resilience of teacher candidates. JEduc Train Stud. 2019;7(4):241-249. doi:10.11114/jets.v7i4.4122

The Relationship between Tolerance, Forgiveness, and Depression Levels in Patients Diagnosed with Depression

Year 2023, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 282 - 287, 06.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.26453/otjhs.1127599

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between the level of tolerance, forgiveness, and depression in patients diagnosed with depression.
Materials and Methods: It was conducted with 80 patients in the outpatient psychiatry clinic of a hospital in Turkey. Data was collected with Beck Depression Inventory, Tolerance Scale and Heartland Forgiveness Scale. Data were evaluated using SPSS (21.0) statistical program.
Results: In this study, while it was determined that there was a statistically significant negative and moderately relationship between the mean Beck Depression Inventory and Tolerance Scale scores, a weak negative relationship was found between the mean Beck Depression Inventory and Heartland Forgiveness Scale scores. Also, it was determined that tolerance and forgiveness predicted depression negatively.
Conclusion: The results of this study can be used for interventions that include tolerance and forgiveness in reducing depression.

References

  • Fugger G, Dold M, Bartova L, et al. Comorbid thyroid disease in patients with major depressive disorder-results from the European Group for the Study of Resistant Depression (GSRD).  Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2018;28(6):752-760. doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.03.011
  • Dold M, Bartova L, Fugger G, et al. Melancholic features in major depression–a European multicenter study. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2021;110:110285. doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110285
  • De Kloet ER, Otte C, Kumsta R, et al. Stress and depression: A crucial role of the mineralocorticoid receptor. J Neuroendocrinol. 2016;28(8). doi:10.1111/jne.12379
  • Jacobson LH, Vlachou S, Slattery DA, Li X, Cryan JF. The gamma-aminobutyric acid B receptor in depression and reward. Biol Psychiatry. 2018;83(11):963-976. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.02.006
  • İskit Y. The effect of five-step anger management program on anger level in adults. İbn Haldun University, Graduate Education Institute, Department of Clinical Psychology, Master Thesis. İstanbul, Türkiye. 2019.
  • Alhashmi M, Bakali N, Baroud R. Tolerance in UAE Islamic education textbooks. Religion. 2020;11(8):377. doi:10.3390/rel11080377
  • Verkuyten M, Kollar R. Tolerance and intolerance: Cultural meanings and discursive usage. Culture & Psychology. 2021;27(1):172-186. doi:10.1177/1354067X20984356
  • Gül YE, Alimbekov A. Öğretmen adaylarının hoşgörü ve yaşam doyum düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Turkish Studies. 2020;15(2):831-849. doi:10.29228/TurkishStudies.39864
  • Özsarı A, Hamdi P, Şirin P, Fişekçioğlu İB. Taekwondo sporcularının hoşgörü eğilimlerinin incelenmesi. Ulusal Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2021;5(1):40-50. doi:10.30769/usbd.925647
  • Aydoğan E. Hoşgörünün liberal yorumu: John Stuart Mill. Kaygı. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi. 2018;30: 83-91. doi:10.20981/kaygi.412223
  • Palm KM, Follette VM. The roles of cognitive flexibility and experiential avoidance in explaining psychological distress in survivors of interpersonal victimization. J Psychopathol Behav Assess. 2011;33(1):79-86. doi:10.1007/s10862-010-9201-x
  • Lawler-Row KA, Karremans JC, Scott C, Edlis-Matityahou M, Edwards L. Forgiveness, physiological reactivity and health: The role of anger. Int J Psychophysiol. 2008;68(1):51-58. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.01.001
  • Brose LA, Rye MS, Lutz-Zois C, Ross SR. Forgiveness and personality traits. Pers Individ Dif. 2005;39(1):35-46. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2004.11.001
  • Kaleta K, Mróz J. Forgiveness and life satisfaction across different age groups in adults. Pers Individ Dif. 2018;120:17-23. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2017.08.008
  • Skalski JE, Aanstoos C. The phenomenology of change beyond tolerating. J Humanis Psychol. 2019. doi:10.1177/0022167819830782
  • Strelan P. Justice and forgiveness in interpersonal relationships. Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 2018;27(1):20-24. doi:10.1177/0963721417734311
  • Rey L, Extremera N. Positive psychological characteristics and interpersonal forgiveness: Identifying the unique contribution of emotional intelligence abilities, Big Five traits, gratitude and optimism. Pers Individ Dif. 2014;68:199-204. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2014.04.030
  • Beck AT, Steer RA. Internal consistencies of the original and revised Beck Depression Inventory. J Clin Psychol. 1984;40(6):1365-1367.
  • Hisli N. The validity and reliability of Beck Depression Inventory for university students. Psikoloji Dergisi. 1989;7:3-13.
  • Demirci İ, Ekşi H. Keep calm and be happy: A mixed method study from character strengths to well-being. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice. 2018;18(29):303–354. doi:10.12738/estp.2018.2.0799
  • Thompson LY, Snyder CR, Hoffman L, et al. Dispositional forgiveness of self, others, and situations. J Pers. 2005;73(2):313-359. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2005.00311.x
  • Bugay A, Demir A. A Turkish version of heartland forgiveness scale. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2010;5:1927-1931. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.07.390
  • Allen TA, Carey BE, Mcbride C, Bagby RM, DeYoung CG, Quilty LC. Big Five aspects of personality interact to predict depression. J Pers. 2018;86(4):714-725. doi:10.1111/jopy.12352
  • Jourdy R, Petot JM. Relationships between personality traits and depression in the light of the “Big Five” and their different facets. L'évolution Psychiatrique. 2017;82(4):27-37. doi:10.1016/j.evopsy.2017.08.002
  • Lan T, Jia X, Lin D, Liu X. Stressful life events, depression, and non-suicidal self-injury among Chinese left-behind children: Moderating effects of self-esteem. Front Psychiatry. 2019;10:244. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00244
  • Lim GY, Tam WW, Lu Y, Ho CS, Zhang MW, Ho RC. Prevalence of depression in the community from 30 countries between 1994 and 2014. Sci Rep. 2018;8:2861. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-21243-x
  • Warsah, I. Forgiveness viewed from positive psychology and Islam. IGCJ: Islamic Guidance and Counseling Journal. 2020;3(2):108-121. doi:10.25217/igcj.v3i2.878
  • Krause N. Assessing the relationships among race, religion, humility, and self-forgiveness: A longitudinal investigation. Current Perspectives on Aging and the Life Cycle. 2015;24:66–74. doi:10.1016/j.alcr.2015.02.003
  • Fincham FD. Towards a psychology of divine forgiveness. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality. 2020. doi:10.1037/rel0000323
  • Toktas S. Examining the levels of forgiveness and psychological resilience of teacher candidates. JEduc Train Stud. 2019;7(4):241-249. doi:10.11114/jets.v7i4.4122
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Mental Health Nursing
Journal Section Research article
Authors

Sevinç Mersin 0000-0001-8130-6017

Sezai Uyar 0000-0002-3894-2058

Early Pub Date August 29, 2023
Publication Date September 6, 2023
Submission Date June 8, 2022
Acceptance Date July 24, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 8 Issue: 3

Cite

AMA Mersin S, Uyar S. The Relationship between Tolerance, Forgiveness, and Depression Levels in Patients Diagnosed with Depression. OTJHS. September 2023;8(3):282-287. doi:10.26453/otjhs.1127599

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