LOGISTICS CAPABILITY AND ITS EFFECTS ON COMPETITIVENESS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY THROUGHOUT TURKEY

Abstract

Today’s market environment is very complex and unpredicted. To gain an advantage; companies are forced to improve competitiveness. In recent years some companies indicate that logistics capability as the way to increase competitiveness. Therefore this paper goal to define logistics capability and examine how logistics capability impacts on the firm competitiveness.  To analyze the relationship between logistics capabilities and competitiveness, is built a modal and research hypothesis.   The data was collected from the national industry of logistics service providers associated in the international forwarding associations UND by survey method. 450 surveys were distributed, 428 of them was returned (a response rate of 95%). All data was analyzed using SPSS and AMOS programme. After analyzing the research data, an absolute measure of fit presumes that the model is fit enough and there is a statistically significant relationship between logistics capabilities and competitiveness, as predicted.  

Keywords

• Logistics,capability,competitiveness

References

1. Abereijo, I.O., Adegbite, S.A., Ilori, M.O., Adeniyi, A.A., Aderemi, H.A. (2009). Technological innovation sources and institutional supports for manufacturing small and medium enterprises in Nigeria. Journal of Technology Management and Innovation, Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 82-89.
2. Acar, A.Z. (2010). Lojistik yeteneklerin, strateji-performans ilişkisi üzerindeki rolü: Kobiler üzerinde bir saha araştırması. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, vol. 24, no. 4, p. 1-21.
3. Acar, A.Z., Zehir, C. (2008). Kaynak tabanlı işletme yetenekleri ölçeği geliştirilmesi ve doğrulanması. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 8, no. 1, p. 103-131.
4. Akış, E. (2016). Türkiye’ de lojistik sektörü ve rekabet gücüne etkisi. 2. Üretim Ekonomisi Kongresi, vol. 2, no. 2, p. 76-84.
5. Ambastha, A., Momaya, K. S. 2003, “Competitiveness of firms: review of theory, frameworks and models”. Singapore Management Review, Vol 26, no. 1; First half 2004, p. 45-61
6. Avcı, C. (2014). İşgörenlerin İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Davranışlarının Güvenlik İklimi ve Planlı Davranış Kuramı Kapsamında İncelenmesi: Konaklama İşletmelerinin Yiyecek–İçecek Departmanlarında Bir Uygulama. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Gazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
7. Babacan, M. (2003). Lojistik sektörünün ülkemizdeki gelişimi ve rekabet vizyonu. Ege Akademik Bakış Dergisi, vol. 3, no. 12, p. 8-15.
8. Bakan, İ., Doğan, İ.F. (2012). Competitiveness of the industries based on the Porter's Diamond Model: an empirical study. International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences, vol.11, no. 3, p. 441-455.

9. Bakan, İ., Şekkeli, Z. H. (2015). Lojistik stratejilerin lojistik yetenekler üzerine etkilerine ilişkin bir alan araştırması. Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, vol. 2, no. 5, p. 398-422.
10. Bhatnagar, R., Sohal, A.S., Millen, R. (1999). Third party logistics services: a Singapore perspective. International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management, vol. 29, no. 9, p. 569-587.
11. Bilginer, K., Kayabaşı, A. (2007). İşletmelerin lojistik faaliyetlerinin rekabetçi perspektifte değerlendirilmesi: üretim işletmeleri üzerine bir uygulama. Ege Akademik Bakış Dergisi, vol. 7, no. 2, p. 629-644.
12. Bowersox, D.J., Daugherty, P.J., Droge, C.L., Germain, R.N. Rogers, D.S. (1992). Logistical excellence: it is not business as usual. Digital press, Burlington, MA.
13. Ceran, M.B., (2010). Küresel rekabet ortamında rekabetçi üstünlük sağlamada lojistik köyler: Konya lojistik köyü örneği. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 159p.
14. Cernusca, M.M., Gold, M.A., Godsey, L.D. (2012). Using the Porter model to analyze the US elderberry industry. Agro forest Systems, no. 86, p. 365-377.
15. Chen, R., Liu, L., Wu, J. (2007, November). Logistics capability and its grey assessment model. In Grey Systems and Intelligent Services, 2007. GSIS 2007. IEEE International Conference on (pp. 1163-1167). IEEE.
16. Çivi, E. (2001). Rekabet gücü: literatür taraması. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Yönetim ve Ekonomi Dergisi, vol. 8, no. 2, p. 21-38.
17. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.
18. Daugherty, P.J., Ellinger, A.E., Gustin, C.M. (1996). Integrated logistics: achieving logistics performance improvements. Supply Chain Management, vol. 1, no. 3, p. 25-33.
19. Daugherty, P.J., Paul H., Pittman, P.H. (1995). Utilization of time‐based strategies: creating distribution flexibility/responsiveness. International Journal of Operations Production Management, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 54-60.
20. Day, G.S. (1994). The capabilities of market-driven organizations. Journal of Marketing, vol. 58, no. 4, p. 37-52.
21. Dursun, Y., Kocagöz, E. (2010). Yapisal Eşitlik Modellemesi Ve Regresyon: Karşilaştirmali Bir Analiz. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, (35), 1-17.
22. Ettlie, J.E., Pavlou, P.A. (2006). Technology-based new product development partnerships. Decision Sciences, vol. 37, no. 2, p. 117-147.
23. Flor, M., Oltra, M.J. (2005). The influence of firms’ technological capabilities on export performance in supplier-dominated industries: the case of ceramic tiles firms. R&D Management, vol. 35, no. 3, p. 333-347.
24. Gürpınar, K., Sandıkçı, M. (2008). Uluslararası rekabetçilik analizinde Michael E. Porter’ ın elmas modeli yaklaşımı: Türkiye’ deki bazı endüstrilerdeki uygulanabilirliğinin ve sonuçlarının araştırılması. SÜ İİBF Sosyal ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, no. 15, p. 105-215.
25. Hove, P., Masocha, R. (2014). Interaction of technological marketing and Porter’s five competitive forces on SME competitiveness in South Africa. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, vol. 5, no. 4, p. 254-262.
26. Jones, M., Crack, D. (2001). High-technology firms’ perceptions of their international competitiveness. Strategic Change, vol. 10, no. 3, p. 129-138.
27. Joong-Kun Cho, J., Ozment, J., Sink, H. (2008). Logistics capability, logistics outsourcing and firm performance in an E-commerce market. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, vol. 38, no. 5, p. 336-359.
28. Kemppainen, K., Vepsalainen, A.P.J. (2007). Logistical and technological differentiation as a precondition of supply networking. The International Journal of Logistics Management, vol. 18, no. 1, p. 81-101.
29. Keser, H.Y. (2011). Lojistik sektörünün rekabet gücü yönüyle analizi: Türkiye lojistik sektörü için bir çalışma. Uludağ Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 329p.
30. Kotler, P., Armstrong, G. (2004). Principles of marketing: International edition, tenth edition. Pearson, Prentice Hall., USA.
31. Lai, K.H., Cheng, T.C.E. (2009). Just-in-time logistics. Gower Publishing, 190p.
32. Larson, P.D., Gammelgaard, B. (2001). Logistics in Denmark: a survey of the industry. International Journal of Logistics: Research and Applications, vol. 4, no. 2, p. 191-206.
33. Lieb, R.C., Kendrick, S. (2003). The year 2002 survey: CEO perspectives on the current status and future prospects on the third party logistics industry in the Unites States. Transportation Journal, vol. 42, no. 3, p. 5-12.
34. Lieb, R.C., Randall, H.L. (1996). A comparison of the use of third-party logistics services by large American manufacturers. Journal of Business Logistics, vol. 17, no. 1, p. 305-320.
35. Liu, C. L., Lyons, A. C. (2011). An analysis of third-party logistics performance and service provision. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 47(4), 547-570.
36. Liu, L., Luo, D., 2010.” Effects of Logistics Capabilities on Performance in Manufacturing Firms”, Logistics and Supply Chain Research in China - Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Logistics and Supply Chain Management, Hunan, CHINA
37. Lopez, J., Garcı, A.R. (2005). Technology and export behavior: a resource-based view approach. International Business Review, vol. 14, no. 5, p. 539-557.
38. Man, T. W., Lau, T., Chan, K. F. (2002). The competitiveness of small and medium enterprises: A conceptualization with focus on entrepreneurial competencies. Journal of business venturing, 17(2), 123-142.
39. Mandal, S. (2016). Towards An Integrated Logistics Capabilities Model of Supply Chain Flexibility: A Social Exchange Perspective. Romanian Economic and Business Review, 11(3), 44.
40. Mathooko, F.M., Ogutu, M. (2015). Porter’s five competitive forces framework and other factors that influence the choice of response strategies adopted by public universities in Kenya. International Journal of Educational Management, vol. 29, no. 3, p. 334–354.
41. McGinnis, M. A., Kohn, J. W., Spillan, J. E. (2010). A Longitudinal Study Of Logistics strategy: 1990–2008. Journal of Business Logistics, 31(1), 217-235.
42. Mobius, Michael; (2003), “The Use of Item Parcelling in Statistical Analyses Research Example”, 2nd. European Conference on Research
43. Morash, E.A., Dröge, C., Vickery, S. (1996). Boundary spanning interfaces between logistics, production, marketing and new product development. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, vol. 26, no. 8, p. 43-62.
44. Munir, A., Saddozai, A.K., Khattak, B., Hashim, S. (2011). Porter five forces analysis of Pakistan Mobiles Communication Limited (Mobilink): a critical approach. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, vol. 3, no. 5, p. 704-712.
45. Murphy, P.R., Poist, R.F. (1998). Third-party logistics usage: an assessment of propositions based on previous research. Transportation Journal, vol. 37, no. 4, p. 26-35.
46. Murphy, P.R., Poist, R.F. (2000). Third-party logistics: some user versus provider perspectives. Journal of Business Logistics, vol. 21, no. 1, p. 121-133.
47. Oduol, J.B.A., Franzel, S. (2014). Assessing market potential of agroforestry tree seedlings in Western Kenya. Small-Scale Forestry, no. 13, p. 281-298. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11842-013-9254-2
48. Oraman, Y., Azabagaoglu, M.O., Inan, I.H. (2011). The firms’ survival and competition through global expansion: a case study from food industry in FMCG sector. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, no. 24 p. 188-197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.09.02
49. Ortega, A.G., Jalon, M.L.D., Menendez, J.A.R. (2014). A strategic analysis of collective urban transport in Spain using the five forces model. Investigaciones Europeas de Direccion y Economia de la Empresa, no. 20, p. 5-15. . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedee.2013.05.002
50. Özdemir, A., Naralan, A., Çam Handan, (2015). Organizasyonlarda Maliyet Tasarrufu Sağlayan Etkin Bir Strateji: Sanallaştırma Teknolojisi. Global Journal of Economics and Business Studies, (8), 46-56
51. Ozer, K.O., Saldamli, A. (2015). Evaluation of competition conditions in the hotel sector in Istanbul. International Review of Management and Marketing, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 102-107.
52. Pena-Vinces, J.C., Cepeda-Carrion, G., Chin, W.W. (2012). Effect of ITC on the international competitiveness of firms. Management Decision, vol. 50, no. 6, p. 1045-1061.
53. Peters, M.J., Lieb, R.C., Randall, H.L. (1998). The use of third party logistics services by European industry. Transport Logistics, vol. 1, no. 3, p. 167-179.
54. Powell, T.C., Dent-Micallef, A. (1997). Information technology as competitive advantage: the role of human, business, and technology resources. Strategic Management Journal, vol. 18, no. 5, p. 375-405.
55. Rao, K., Young, R.R. (1994). Global supply chains: factors influencing outsourcing of logistics functions. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, vol. 24, no. 6, p. 11-19.
56. Rao, K., Young, R.R., Novick, J.A. (1993). Third party services in the logistics of global firms. Logistics and Transportation Review, vol. 29, no. 4, p. 363-70.
57. Renko, N., Sustic, I., Butigan, R. (2011). Designing marketing strategy using the five competitive forces model by Michael E. Porter-case of small bakery in Croatia. International Journal of Management Cases, vol. 13, no. 3, p. 376-385.
58. Ross, B., Dessureault, S., Rieber, M. (2011). The Tucson mineral show and the market for collector minerals: the potential for artisanal and small-scale miners. Resources Policy, vol. 36, no. 2, p. 168-177.
59. Sohail, M.S., Al-Abdali, O.S. (2005). The usage of third party logistics in Saudi Arabia. Current position and future prospects. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, vol. 35, no. 9, p. 637-653.
60. Sutherland, E. (2014). Lobbying and litigation in telecommunications markets-reapplying Porter’s five forces. Emeraldinsight, vol. 16, no. 5, p. 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1108/info-03-2014-0018
61. Ulubeyli, S. (2017). Industry-wide competitiveness assessment through fuzzy synthetic evaluation: the case of cement industry. Journal of Business Economics and Management, vol. 18, no. 1, p. 35–53.
62. Van Hoek, R.I. (2001). The Rediscovery of Postponement A Literature Review and Directions For Research”, Journal of Operations Management 19 (2001) 161–184.
63. Waheeduzzaman, J.A.N.M., Ryans, Jr.,K. (1996). Definition perspectives and understanding of international competitiveness: a quest for a common ground. Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal, vol. 6, no. 2, p.7-26.
64. Yorulmaz, M., Birgün, S. (2016). Lojistik yetenekler üzerine literatür araştırması ve deniz ulaştırma lojistiği hizmet yeteneklerinin belirlenmesi. Akademik Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, vol. 4, no. 25, p. 313-331.
65. Yunna, W., Yisheng, Y. (2014). The competition situation analysis of shale gas industry in China: applying Porter’s five forces and scenario model. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 40, p. 798–805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.08.015
66. Zeng, S.X., Xie, X.M., Tam, C.M., Wan, T.W. (2008). Competitive priorities of manufacturing firms for internationalization: an empirical research. Measuring Business Excellence, vol. 12, no. 3, p. 44-55.