AN ANALYSIS OF TURKEY’S EXPORT COMPETETIVENESS ACCORDING TO THE SITC TECHNOLOGY CLASSIFICATION

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 129 - 133, 30.06.2017

Kazim Saricoban Elif Kaya

https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2017.527

Öz

The main
purpose of this paper is to determine Turkey’s export competitiveness in
respect of SITC Technology Classification. The classification has five
different categories of goods, namely, raw-material-intense, labour-intense,
capital-intense, easy-to-imitate and hard-to-imitate. For analysis, Turkey’s
export data (US dollars) between 1996 and 2015 is used. Revealed Comparative
Advantage (RCA) formula by Bela Balassa (1965) is taken as methodology to
analyse. In compliance with Turkey’s RCAs of the period, it is found out that
Turkey has competitiveness (comparative advantages) on the export of labour
intensive and capital intensive goods while it has competitiveness disadvantage
on the raw-material intense, easy-to-imitate and hard-to-imitate goods which
are research-based goods. It means the goods exported by Turkey is mostly
production of labour intense technology, thus it demonstrates that the labour
factor is the most significant production factors for Turkey. However, Turkey
has disadvantage on easy-to-imitate and hard-to-imitate
researchdevelopment-based goods strengthen by innovation and high value added
products, which are commonly accepted as development indicators for countries. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Export competitiveness, SITC, technology classification, Balassa Index, RCA

Kaynakça

• Balassa, B. (1965). “Trade Liberalization and Revealed Comparative Advantage”. The Manchester School of Economic and Social Studies. 33(2). May 1965. pp:99-123.
• Bojnec, Š. and Ferto, I. (2006). “Does Comparative Advantages in Agri-Food Trade Matter for Multifunctional Rural Development: The Case of Hungary and Slovenia”. Journal of Central European Agriculture. 7(3). pp:583-586.
• Buturac, G., Lovrincevik, Z. and Teodorovic, I. (2005). “Comparison of the Structure and Development of International Trade within the Framework of EU Enlargement: The Case of Croatia”. Proceedings: 65th Anniversary Conference of the Institute of Economics. Zagreb; November 18 – 19. 2004. ISBN 9536030292-2005. p: 315-342.
• Erkan, B. (2011). “SITC Teknoloji Sınıflandırmasına İlişkin Açıklanmış Karşılaştırmalı Üstünlüklerin Belirlenmesi: Türkiye ve Diğer N-11 Ülkelerinin Karşılaştırılması”. Finans Politik & Ekonomik Yorumlar. 48(558). pp: 35-48.
• Erkan, B. (2012). “BRIC Ülkeleri ve Türkiye’nin İhracat Uzmanlaşma ve Rekabet Düzeylerinin Karşılaştırmalı Analizi”. Ekonomik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi. 8(1). Bahar-2012. pp:101-131.
• Erlat, G. and Erlart, H. (2005). “Do Turkish Exports Have Comparatıve Advantage with Respect to The European Union Market, 1990-2000”. Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies. Vol:7. September 2005. pp: 1-17.
• Hinloopen, J. and Marrewijk, C. V. (2001). “On the empirical distribution of the Balassa index” Review of World Economics / Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv 137: s:1-35.
• Haufbauer C.G. and Chilas J.C. (1974). “Specialisation by Industrial Countries: Extent and consequences, in the International Division of Labour: Problems and Perspectives”. Edited by H. Giersch. Institut für Weltwirtschaft. Tübingen: Mohr, 1974.
• Khatibi, A. (2008). “Kazakhstan’s Revealed Comparative Advantage Vis-À-Vis the EU-27”, European Centre for International Political Economy (ECIPE). Working Paper, No: 03/2008, pp:1-12.
• Nesterenko, O. (2006). “Competitiveness of Ukrainian Products”. Master of Arts in Economics. National University “Kyiv-Mohyla Academy” Economics Education and Research Consortium Master’s Program in Economics. pp:1-49.
• Sener, S. (2013). “The Competitiveness of Turkish Economy Within the Scope of WEF Global Competitiveness Index”. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 75, pp:453-464. Doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.04.049.
• Şimşek, N., Seymen, D. and Utkulu, U. (2007). “Turkey’s Competitiveness in the EU Market: A Comparison of Different Trade Measures”. In European Trade Study Group (ETSG) 9th Annual Conference 2007. pp: 1-44.
• Utkulu, U. and Seymen, D. (2004). “Revealed Comparative Advantage and Competitiveness: Evidence for Turkey vis-à-vis the EU/15”. In European Trade Study Group 6th Annual Conference. ETSG. September 2004. pp:1-26.
• Yilmaz, B. (2002), “The Role of Trade Strategies for Economic Development: A Comparison of Foreign Trade Between Turkey and South Korea”. Russian and East European Finance and Trade, 38(2). March–April 2002. pp. 59–78.
• Yilmaz, B. (2003). “Turkey’s Competitiveness in The European Union: A Comparison with Five Candidate Countries – Bulgaria, The Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania – and The EU15”. The East Enlargement of the Eurozone. Ezonplus. Working Paper, No:12. February 2003.