Research Article
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Year 2023, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 443 - 461, 30.01.2023
https://doi.org/10.17275/per.23.24.10.1

Abstract

References

  • Akkaş Baysal, E., Ocak, G. & Ocak, İ. (2020). High school students' views on coding and arduino education [Kodlama ve arduıno eğitimleri ile ilgili lise öğrencilerinin görüşleri]. Electronic Journal of Social Sciences, 19 (74), 777-796. doi: 10.17755/esosder.625496
  • Akpınar, Y. & Altun, A. (2014). Programming education requirement in information society schools [Bilgi toplumu okullarında programlama eğitimi gereksinimi]. Elementary Education Online, 13(1), 1-4.
  • Bala, R.B. (2019). The effect of scratch program used in teaching programming language to 6th grade students on students' problem solving skills and attitudes, Master Thesis, Necmettin Erbakan University, Institute of Educational Sciences, Konya.
  • Bishop-Clark, C., Courte, J. & Howard, E. V. (2007). A quantitative and qualitative investigation of using Alice programming to improve confidence, enjoyment and achievement among non-majors. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 37(2) 193-207.
  • Bülbül Şoltan, E. (2018). Investigation of development levels of coding skills of students developing games in context-based learning environment with block-based programming language, Master Thesis, Yildiz Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, İstanbul.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2011). Manual of data analysis for social sciences [Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı]. Ankara: Pegem Academy.
  • Çatlak, Ş., Tekdal, M. & Baz, F. Ç., (2015). State of teaching programming with scratch software: a document review study. Journal of Instructional Technologies & Teacher Education, 4(3), 13-25. Available at: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/jitte/issue/25088/264774 Access date: 21.12.2021
  • Çavdar, L. (2018). Evaluation of online platforms used in coding teaching: code.org example, master thesis, Gazi Osmanpaşa University, Institute of Educational Sciences, Tokat.
  • CodeWeek, (2020). About to codeweek, https://codeweek.eu/about Access Date: 26.09.2021
  • Demir, B. & Demir, F. (2021). Coding, robotics and computational thinking in preschool education: the design of magne-board. European Journal of Science and Technology, (23), 52-61. doi: 10.31590/ejosat.842483
  • Erdem, E. (2018). Investigation of different instructional strategies in terms of various variables in the process of programming teaching in block-based environments, Master Thesis, Baskent University Institute of Educational Sciences, Ankara.
  • Ersoy, H., Madran, R.O. & Gülbahar, Y. (2006). A model proposal for teaching programming languages: robot programming. Academic Informatics 07 Conference, Kütahya.
  • Esgil, M. & Gündüz, Ş. (2019). Kodlama etkinliklerinin öğrencilerin bilgisayara yönelik tutum ve bilişim dersine duyuşsal katılımları üzerine etkisi [The effect of coding activities on students' attitudes towards computers and their affective participation in informatics lesson]. Ahmet Keleşoğlu Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(2). 162-174 . DOI: 10.38151/akef.643471.
  • Fidan, A., (2016). The effect of gamification on student participation in teaching programming with scratch, master thesis, Uludag University, Bursa.
  • Genç, Z., & Karakuş, S. (2011). Learning by design: using scratch in educational computer games design, 5th International Computer and Instructional Technologies Symposium, Elazıg, 981-987.
  • Gülbahar, Y., Kalelioğlu, F., Doğan, D. & Karataş, E. (2020). Bebras: a social approach for concept based learning of informatics and computational thinking. Ankara University Journal of Faculty of Educational Sciences (JFES), 53(1), 241-272. doi: 10.30964/auebfd.560771
  • Gülbahar, Y., Kert, S. B. & Kalelioğlu F. (2019). Self-efficacy perception scale for computational thinking skill: validity and reliability study. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education,10(1), 1-29. doi: 10.16949/turkbilmat.385097
  • Haymana, İ. & Özalp, D. (2020). The effect of robotics and coding education on creative thinking skills of primary school 4th grade students. Journal of Istanbul Aydın University Faculty of Education, 6(2), 247-274. Available at: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/iauefd/issue/57710/822431 Access date: 10.01.2021
  • Johnson, R. B., & Onwuegbuzie, A. J. (2004). Mixed methods research: a research paradigm whose time has come. Educational Researcher, 33(7), 14–26. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X033007014
  • Kalelioğlu, F. (2015). A new way of teaching programming skills to k-12 students: code.org. Computers in Human Behavior, 52, 200-210. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2015.05.047
  • Karaman, U., & Büyükalan Filiz S. (2019). Developing the attitude scale towards coding education. Journal of future visions, 3(2), 36-47. doi: 10.29345/futvis.80
  • Karasar, N. (2009). Scientific Research Method. Ankara: Nobel Publications.
  • Kasalak, İ., (2017). The effect of robotic coding activities on secondary school students' self-efficacy perceptions regarding coding and student experiences related to the activities, Master Thesis, Hacettepe University, Ankara.
  • Kılıç-Çakmak, E., Çebi, A., Mihçi, P., Günbatar, M., S., & Akçayir, M. (2013). A content analysis of educational technology research in 2011. In 4th International Conference on New Horizons in Education. INTE 2013, Roma.
  • Kutay, E. (2020). Coding with minecraft: the development of middle school students’ computational thinking, Master Thesis, Bogazici University, İstanbul.
  • Lye, S. & Koh, J. (2014). Review on teaching and learning of computational thinking through programing: What is next for K-12? Computers in Human Behavior, 41, 51-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.09.012
  • Numanoğlu, M. & Keser, H. (2017). Using robots in teaching programming – the example of mbot. Bartın university journal of the faculty of education, 6(2), 497-515. doi: 10.14686/buefad.306198
  • Oluk, A., Korkmaz, Ö. & Oluk, H.A. (2018). The effect of scratch on algorithm development and computational thinking skills of 5th grade students [Scratch’ın 5. sınıf öğrencilerinin algoritma geliştirme ve bilgi-işlemsel düşünme becerilerine etkisi]. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education, 9(1), 54-71. doi: 10.16949/turkbilmat.399588
  • Otu, T. (2020). The effect of coding environments on secondary school students' achievement, attitude and computational thinking skills, Master Thesis, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu.
  • Özdemir, M. (2010). Qualitative data analysis: a study on the methodological problem in social sciences. Eskişehir Osmangazi University Journal of Social Sciences, 11(1), 323-343.
  • Ramazanoğlu, M. (2021). The effect of robotic coding applications on secondary school students' attitudes towards computers and self-efficacy perceptions regarding computational thinking skills. Turkish Journal of Social Studies, 25(1), 163-174. Available at: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/tsadergisi/issue/61177/736602 Access date: 01.05.2021
  • Resnick, M. (2013). Learn to code, code to learn. https://web.media.mit.edu/~mres/papers/L2CC2L-handout.pdf, Access Date: 15.02.2021.
  • Rose, S. P., Habgood, M. P. J., & Jay, T. (2017). An exploration of the role of visual programming tools in the development of young children's computational thinking. Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 15(4), 297–309. Available at: www.ejel.org Access date: 15.03.2021
  • Scharf, F., Winkler, T., & Herczeg, M. (2008). “Tangicons: algorithmic reasoning in a collaborative game for children in kindergarten and first class”, In Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Interaction design and children, 242-249.
  • Scot, A. L. (2018). The 21st Century skills early learning framework. http://www.battelleforkids.org/networks/p21, Access Date: 03.01.2021
  • Şimşek, E. (2018). The effect of robotics and scratch applications in programming teaching on students' computational thinking skills and academic achievement, Master Thesis, Ondokuz Mayis University, Institute of Educational Sciences, Samsun.
  • Tağci, Ç. (2019). Investigation of the effect of coding education on primary school students, Master Thesis, Afyon Kocatepe University, Institute of Science and Technology, Afyon.
  • Tutulmaz, M. (2019). Designing, implementation and evaluation of data visualization for the development of computational thinking skills, Master Thesis, Hacettepe University, Institute of Educational Sciences, Ankara.
  • Ünsal, K. (2019). Examining the opinions of secondary and high school school administrators on coding education (Bagcilar district example), Master's thesis, Marmara University-İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, İstanbul.
  • Uslu, N.A., Mumcu, F. & Eğin, F. (2018). The effect of visual programming activities on middle school students' computational thinking skills. Aegean Journal of Educational Technologies, 2(1), 19-31. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328410713 Access date: 15.03.2021
  • Uzunboylar, O. (2017). Teacher and student opinions on coding teaching at secondary school level, Master Thesis, Ege University Institute of Science and Technology, İzmir.
  • Weintrop, D. & Wilensky, U. (2015). To block or not to block, that is the question: students’ perceptions of blocks-based programming. In Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Interaction Design and Children- IDC (pp. 199–208), Newyork.
  • Wing, J. M. (2006). Computational thinking. Communications of the ACM, 49(3), 33-35.
  • Wing, J. M. (2008). Computational thinking and thinking about computing. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 366, 3717-3725. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2008.0118
  • Yadav, A., Hong, H., & Stephenson, C. (2016). Computational thinking for all: pedagogical approaches to embedding 21st century problem solving in k-12 classrooms. TechTrends. 60(6), 565–568. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-016-0087-7
  • Yağcı, M. (2018). A study on computational thinking and high school students’ computational thinking skill levels, International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 10(2), 81-96. doi:10.15345/iojes.2018.02.006
  • Yılmaz İnce, E. (2020). Use of game development platforms in coding education. Journal of mehmet akif ersoy university faculty of education, (53), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.21764/maeuefd.429484
  • Zuckerman, O., Blau, I., & Monroy-Hernández, A. (2009). Children's participation patterns in online communities: an analysis of israeli learners in the scratch online community. Interdisciplinary Journal of E-Learning and Learning Objects, 5(1), 263-274. Available at: https://www.learntechlib.org/p/44835/. Access date: 15.02.2021

The Effect of Block Based Coding Education on the Students' Attitudes about the Secondary School Students' Computational Learning Skills and Coding Learning: Blocky Sample

Year 2023, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 443 - 461, 30.01.2023
https://doi.org/10.17275/per.23.24.10.1

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of block-based coding education on middle school students' computational thinking skills and attitudes towards coding with Blocky example. The training phase of the implementation process was planned and implemented by subject experts in 4 weeks and 2 hours a week. In the research, both quantitative and qualitative research methods and exploratory sequential design were used as mixed methods. In this study, quantitative research method and "Pretest- Posttest Control Group Semi-Experimental Pattern Model" was used as the research model. While the "blocky" application used in block-based coding education was determined as the independent variable in the research, the students' computational thinking skills and their attitudes towards learning to code were determined as dependent variables. As a result of the applications and analysis, the difference between the values of students' computational thinking skills self-efficacy and attitudes towards learning coding before and after education is statistically significant (p <0.05). In order to determine the effect size of the Blocky block-based coding environment on the Information Computational Thinking Skills Self-Efficacy Scale (REIC) and the Attitudes Toward Learning Coding Scale (KEYTÖ), the eta squared value was examined. It can be said that the Blocky block-based coding environment has a “large” effect size on computational thinking skills, self-efficacy perception and attitude towards learning coding.

References

  • Akkaş Baysal, E., Ocak, G. & Ocak, İ. (2020). High school students' views on coding and arduino education [Kodlama ve arduıno eğitimleri ile ilgili lise öğrencilerinin görüşleri]. Electronic Journal of Social Sciences, 19 (74), 777-796. doi: 10.17755/esosder.625496
  • Akpınar, Y. & Altun, A. (2014). Programming education requirement in information society schools [Bilgi toplumu okullarında programlama eğitimi gereksinimi]. Elementary Education Online, 13(1), 1-4.
  • Bala, R.B. (2019). The effect of scratch program used in teaching programming language to 6th grade students on students' problem solving skills and attitudes, Master Thesis, Necmettin Erbakan University, Institute of Educational Sciences, Konya.
  • Bishop-Clark, C., Courte, J. & Howard, E. V. (2007). A quantitative and qualitative investigation of using Alice programming to improve confidence, enjoyment and achievement among non-majors. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 37(2) 193-207.
  • Bülbül Şoltan, E. (2018). Investigation of development levels of coding skills of students developing games in context-based learning environment with block-based programming language, Master Thesis, Yildiz Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, İstanbul.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2011). Manual of data analysis for social sciences [Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı]. Ankara: Pegem Academy.
  • Çatlak, Ş., Tekdal, M. & Baz, F. Ç., (2015). State of teaching programming with scratch software: a document review study. Journal of Instructional Technologies & Teacher Education, 4(3), 13-25. Available at: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/jitte/issue/25088/264774 Access date: 21.12.2021
  • Çavdar, L. (2018). Evaluation of online platforms used in coding teaching: code.org example, master thesis, Gazi Osmanpaşa University, Institute of Educational Sciences, Tokat.
  • CodeWeek, (2020). About to codeweek, https://codeweek.eu/about Access Date: 26.09.2021
  • Demir, B. & Demir, F. (2021). Coding, robotics and computational thinking in preschool education: the design of magne-board. European Journal of Science and Technology, (23), 52-61. doi: 10.31590/ejosat.842483
  • Erdem, E. (2018). Investigation of different instructional strategies in terms of various variables in the process of programming teaching in block-based environments, Master Thesis, Baskent University Institute of Educational Sciences, Ankara.
  • Ersoy, H., Madran, R.O. & Gülbahar, Y. (2006). A model proposal for teaching programming languages: robot programming. Academic Informatics 07 Conference, Kütahya.
  • Esgil, M. & Gündüz, Ş. (2019). Kodlama etkinliklerinin öğrencilerin bilgisayara yönelik tutum ve bilişim dersine duyuşsal katılımları üzerine etkisi [The effect of coding activities on students' attitudes towards computers and their affective participation in informatics lesson]. Ahmet Keleşoğlu Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(2). 162-174 . DOI: 10.38151/akef.643471.
  • Fidan, A., (2016). The effect of gamification on student participation in teaching programming with scratch, master thesis, Uludag University, Bursa.
  • Genç, Z., & Karakuş, S. (2011). Learning by design: using scratch in educational computer games design, 5th International Computer and Instructional Technologies Symposium, Elazıg, 981-987.
  • Gülbahar, Y., Kalelioğlu, F., Doğan, D. & Karataş, E. (2020). Bebras: a social approach for concept based learning of informatics and computational thinking. Ankara University Journal of Faculty of Educational Sciences (JFES), 53(1), 241-272. doi: 10.30964/auebfd.560771
  • Gülbahar, Y., Kert, S. B. & Kalelioğlu F. (2019). Self-efficacy perception scale for computational thinking skill: validity and reliability study. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education,10(1), 1-29. doi: 10.16949/turkbilmat.385097
  • Haymana, İ. & Özalp, D. (2020). The effect of robotics and coding education on creative thinking skills of primary school 4th grade students. Journal of Istanbul Aydın University Faculty of Education, 6(2), 247-274. Available at: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/iauefd/issue/57710/822431 Access date: 10.01.2021
  • Johnson, R. B., & Onwuegbuzie, A. J. (2004). Mixed methods research: a research paradigm whose time has come. Educational Researcher, 33(7), 14–26. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X033007014
  • Kalelioğlu, F. (2015). A new way of teaching programming skills to k-12 students: code.org. Computers in Human Behavior, 52, 200-210. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2015.05.047
  • Karaman, U., & Büyükalan Filiz S. (2019). Developing the attitude scale towards coding education. Journal of future visions, 3(2), 36-47. doi: 10.29345/futvis.80
  • Karasar, N. (2009). Scientific Research Method. Ankara: Nobel Publications.
  • Kasalak, İ., (2017). The effect of robotic coding activities on secondary school students' self-efficacy perceptions regarding coding and student experiences related to the activities, Master Thesis, Hacettepe University, Ankara.
  • Kılıç-Çakmak, E., Çebi, A., Mihçi, P., Günbatar, M., S., & Akçayir, M. (2013). A content analysis of educational technology research in 2011. In 4th International Conference on New Horizons in Education. INTE 2013, Roma.
  • Kutay, E. (2020). Coding with minecraft: the development of middle school students’ computational thinking, Master Thesis, Bogazici University, İstanbul.
  • Lye, S. & Koh, J. (2014). Review on teaching and learning of computational thinking through programing: What is next for K-12? Computers in Human Behavior, 41, 51-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.09.012
  • Numanoğlu, M. & Keser, H. (2017). Using robots in teaching programming – the example of mbot. Bartın university journal of the faculty of education, 6(2), 497-515. doi: 10.14686/buefad.306198
  • Oluk, A., Korkmaz, Ö. & Oluk, H.A. (2018). The effect of scratch on algorithm development and computational thinking skills of 5th grade students [Scratch’ın 5. sınıf öğrencilerinin algoritma geliştirme ve bilgi-işlemsel düşünme becerilerine etkisi]. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education, 9(1), 54-71. doi: 10.16949/turkbilmat.399588
  • Otu, T. (2020). The effect of coding environments on secondary school students' achievement, attitude and computational thinking skills, Master Thesis, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu.
  • Özdemir, M. (2010). Qualitative data analysis: a study on the methodological problem in social sciences. Eskişehir Osmangazi University Journal of Social Sciences, 11(1), 323-343.
  • Ramazanoğlu, M. (2021). The effect of robotic coding applications on secondary school students' attitudes towards computers and self-efficacy perceptions regarding computational thinking skills. Turkish Journal of Social Studies, 25(1), 163-174. Available at: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/tsadergisi/issue/61177/736602 Access date: 01.05.2021
  • Resnick, M. (2013). Learn to code, code to learn. https://web.media.mit.edu/~mres/papers/L2CC2L-handout.pdf, Access Date: 15.02.2021.
  • Rose, S. P., Habgood, M. P. J., & Jay, T. (2017). An exploration of the role of visual programming tools in the development of young children's computational thinking. Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 15(4), 297–309. Available at: www.ejel.org Access date: 15.03.2021
  • Scharf, F., Winkler, T., & Herczeg, M. (2008). “Tangicons: algorithmic reasoning in a collaborative game for children in kindergarten and first class”, In Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Interaction design and children, 242-249.
  • Scot, A. L. (2018). The 21st Century skills early learning framework. http://www.battelleforkids.org/networks/p21, Access Date: 03.01.2021
  • Şimşek, E. (2018). The effect of robotics and scratch applications in programming teaching on students' computational thinking skills and academic achievement, Master Thesis, Ondokuz Mayis University, Institute of Educational Sciences, Samsun.
  • Tağci, Ç. (2019). Investigation of the effect of coding education on primary school students, Master Thesis, Afyon Kocatepe University, Institute of Science and Technology, Afyon.
  • Tutulmaz, M. (2019). Designing, implementation and evaluation of data visualization for the development of computational thinking skills, Master Thesis, Hacettepe University, Institute of Educational Sciences, Ankara.
  • Ünsal, K. (2019). Examining the opinions of secondary and high school school administrators on coding education (Bagcilar district example), Master's thesis, Marmara University-İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, İstanbul.
  • Uslu, N.A., Mumcu, F. & Eğin, F. (2018). The effect of visual programming activities on middle school students' computational thinking skills. Aegean Journal of Educational Technologies, 2(1), 19-31. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328410713 Access date: 15.03.2021
  • Uzunboylar, O. (2017). Teacher and student opinions on coding teaching at secondary school level, Master Thesis, Ege University Institute of Science and Technology, İzmir.
  • Weintrop, D. & Wilensky, U. (2015). To block or not to block, that is the question: students’ perceptions of blocks-based programming. In Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Interaction Design and Children- IDC (pp. 199–208), Newyork.
  • Wing, J. M. (2006). Computational thinking. Communications of the ACM, 49(3), 33-35.
  • Wing, J. M. (2008). Computational thinking and thinking about computing. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 366, 3717-3725. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2008.0118
  • Yadav, A., Hong, H., & Stephenson, C. (2016). Computational thinking for all: pedagogical approaches to embedding 21st century problem solving in k-12 classrooms. TechTrends. 60(6), 565–568. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-016-0087-7
  • Yağcı, M. (2018). A study on computational thinking and high school students’ computational thinking skill levels, International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 10(2), 81-96. doi:10.15345/iojes.2018.02.006
  • Yılmaz İnce, E. (2020). Use of game development platforms in coding education. Journal of mehmet akif ersoy university faculty of education, (53), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.21764/maeuefd.429484
  • Zuckerman, O., Blau, I., & Monroy-Hernández, A. (2009). Children's participation patterns in online communities: an analysis of israeli learners in the scratch online community. Interdisciplinary Journal of E-Learning and Learning Objects, 5(1), 263-274. Available at: https://www.learntechlib.org/p/44835/. Access date: 15.02.2021
There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Other Fields of Education
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Havva Nur Totan This is me 0000-0002-7947-3438

Agah Tuğrul Korucu 0000-0002-8334-1526

Publication Date January 30, 2023
Acceptance Date December 14, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 10 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Totan, H. N., & Korucu, A. T. (2023). The Effect of Block Based Coding Education on the Students’ Attitudes about the Secondary School Students’ Computational Learning Skills and Coding Learning: Blocky Sample. Participatory Educational Research, 10(1), 443-461. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.23.24.10.1