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DETERMINANTS OF RISK TOLERANCE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM KYRGYZSTAN

Yıl 2016, Cilt 1, Sayı 69, 54 - 61, 01.05.2016

Kamalbek KARYMSHAKOV Raziya ABDİEVA Burulcha SULAİMANOVA

Öz

This study analyses the determinants of the risk tolerance in Kyrgyzstan, by using nationally representative “Life in Kyrgyzstan” survey for 2011. The results of multinomial probit models show that men more willing to take risk and that as the age increases individuals become risk-averse. In-creasing income and education level has a positive effect on the risk taking decision of the individual. The regional distribution of risk tolerance of individuals shows that individuals living in rural areas and in south region are more likely to be in risk-averse category.
The first version of this paper was presented at the annual “Life in Kyrgyzstan” conference in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan on October 1-2, 2015.

Anahtar Kelimeler

risk tolerance, multinomial probit, Kyrgyzstan

Kaynakça

  • Al-Ajmi, J. Y. Risk Tolerance of Individual Investors in an Emerging Market // Journal of Risk and Diversification. ISSN 1986-4337. Issue 2. – 2011: http://www.journalofriskanddiversification.com
  • Bertaut, C. C. Stockholding behavior of U.S. households: evidence from the 1983–1989 Survey of Consumer Finances // Review of Economics and Statistics. – 1998. №. 80 (2). – P. 263-275.
  • Bruce, A. and Johnson, J. Male and female betting behavior: new perspectives // Journal of Gambling Studies. – 1994. №10. – P. 183-98.
  • Bymes, J. P., Miller, D. C. and Schafer, W. D. Gender Differences in Risk Taking: A Meta-Analysis // Psychological Bulletin. – 1999. № 125. – P. 367-383.
  • Cameron, A. S. and Trivedi P. K. Microeconometrics: Methods and applications. – Cam-bridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
  • Christiansen, C., Joensen, J. S. and Rangvid, J. Genders, Marriage and the Decision to In-vest in Stock and Bonds: Do Single Women Invest More in Less Risky Assets? // D-CAF Working Paper No. 18. School of Economics and Management, University of Aarhus, Denmark. 2006.
  • Çağlayan, E. and Abdieva, R. Asian Economic and Fınancıal Review. – 2014. Vol. 4. № 3. – P. 404-415.
  • Faff, R., Hallahan, T., & McKenzie, M. Women and risk tolerance in an aging world // In-ternational Journal of Accounting and Information Management. – 2011. №19(2). – P.100-117.
  • Feng, L. and Seasholes, M. S. Individual investors and gender similarities in an emerging stock market // Pacific-Basin Finance Journal. – 2007. Online version posted on 4 May 2007.
  • Grable, J. E. and Lytton, R. H. Financial risk tolerance revisited: The development of a risk assessment instrument // Financial Services Review 8. – 1999. – P.163-181.
  • Grable, J. E. Financial risk tolerance and additional factors that affect risk taking in every-day money matters // Journal of Business and Psychology. – 2000. №14 (4). – P. 625-630.
  • Grable, J. E., Lytton, R. H. Investor risk tolerance: testing the efficacy of demographics as differentiating and classifying factors // Financial Counseling and Planning 9. – 1998. – P. 61-73.
  • Grable, J. and Joo, S. Environmental and Biopsychosocial Factors Associated with Risk Tolerance // Financial Counseling and Planning. – 2004. №15(1). – P. 73-82.
  • Grable, J. E. and Roszkowski, M.J. Self_assessments of risk tolerance by women and men // Psychological Reports. – 2007. №100(3 I). – P. 795-802.
  • Guiso, L., Haliassos, M. and Jappelli, T. Household stockholding in Europe: Where Do We Stand and Where Do We Go? // Economic Policy. – 2003. №18. – P. 123-170.
  • Guiso, L., Jappelli, T., Terlizzese, D. Income risk, borrowing constraints, and portfolio choice // American Economic Review. – 1996. №86 (1). – P. 158-172.
  • Haliassos, M. and Bertaut, C. C. Why do so few hold stocks? // Economic Journal. – 1995. № 105. – P. 1110-1129.
  • Hui, W., Hanna, S. Does risk tolerance decrease with age? // Financial Counseling and Planning. – 1997. № 8 (2). – P. 27-31.
  • Kover, A. Okay, women really could use special advice about investing // Fortune. – 1999. № 139. – P. 129-32.
  • Leuermann, A. Essays on Risk Preferences and Behavioral Finance // Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der Wurde eines ¨Doktors der Wirtschaftswissenschaften an der Fakultat f¨ ur Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften der¨. – Ruprecht-Karls-Universitat Heidelberg. 2012: http://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/volltextserver/14388/1/THESIS.pdf (20.11.2015)
  • Lewellen, W., Lease, R. and Schlarbaum, G. Patterns of investment strategy and behavior among individual investors // Journal of Business. – 1977. №50. – P. 296-333.
  • Mankiw, G. N. and Zeldes, S. The consumption of stockholders and nonstockholders // Journal of Financial Economics. – 1991. №29. – P. 97-112.
  • Morin, R.A., Suarez, A.E. Risk aversion revisited // The Journal of Finance. – 1983. №38. – P. 1201-1216.
  • Schooley, D. K. and Worden, D. D. Investors’ Asset allocations versus life-cycle Funds // Financial Analysts Journal. – 1999. № 5. – P. 37-43.
  • Wang, H., Hanna, S. D. Does risk tolerance decrease with age? // Financial Coun-seling and Planning. – 1997. №8 (2). – P. 27-31.
  • Yao, R., Hanna, S. D., Lindamood, S. Changes in financial risk tolerance, 1983-2001 // Fi-nancial Services Review. – 2004. №13 (4). – P. 249-266.
  • Yao, R., Sharpe, L.D. and F. Wang. Decomposing the age effect on risk tolerance // The Journal of Socio-Economics. – 2011. №40. – P. 879- 887.
  • Zhong, L. X., Xiao, J. J.. Determinants of family bond and stock holdings // Financial Counseling and Planning. – 1995. №6. – P. 107-114.

DETERMINANTS OF RISK TOLERANCE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM KYRGYZSTAN

Yıl 2016, Cilt 1, Sayı 69, 54 - 61, 01.05.2016

Kamalbek KARYMSHAKOV Raziya ABDİEVA Burulcha SULAİMANOVA

Öz

This study analyses the determinants of the risk tolerance in Kyrgyzstan, by using nationally representative “Life in Kyrgyzstan” survey for 2011. The results of multinomial probit models show that men more willing to take risk and that as the age increases individuals become risk-averse. In-creasing income and education level has a positive effect on the risk taking decision of the individual. The regional distribution of risk tolerance of individuals shows that individuals living in rural areas and in south region are more likely to be in risk-averse category.
The first version of this paper was presented at the annual “Life in Kyrgyzstan” conference in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan on October 1-2, 2015.

Anahtar Kelimeler

risk tolerance, multinomial probit, Kyrgyzstan

Kaynakça

  • Al-Ajmi, J. Y. Risk Tolerance of Individual Investors in an Emerging Market // Journal of Risk and Diversification. ISSN 1986-4337. Issue 2. – 2011: http://www.journalofriskanddiversification.com
  • Bertaut, C. C. Stockholding behavior of U.S. households: evidence from the 1983–1989 Survey of Consumer Finances // Review of Economics and Statistics. – 1998. №. 80 (2). – P. 263-275.
  • Bruce, A. and Johnson, J. Male and female betting behavior: new perspectives // Journal of Gambling Studies. – 1994. №10. – P. 183-98.
  • Bymes, J. P., Miller, D. C. and Schafer, W. D. Gender Differences in Risk Taking: A Meta-Analysis // Psychological Bulletin. – 1999. № 125. – P. 367-383.
  • Cameron, A. S. and Trivedi P. K. Microeconometrics: Methods and applications. – Cam-bridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
  • Christiansen, C., Joensen, J. S. and Rangvid, J. Genders, Marriage and the Decision to In-vest in Stock and Bonds: Do Single Women Invest More in Less Risky Assets? // D-CAF Working Paper No. 18. School of Economics and Management, University of Aarhus, Denmark. 2006.
  • Çağlayan, E. and Abdieva, R. Asian Economic and Fınancıal Review. – 2014. Vol. 4. № 3. – P. 404-415.
  • Faff, R., Hallahan, T., & McKenzie, M. Women and risk tolerance in an aging world // In-ternational Journal of Accounting and Information Management. – 2011. №19(2). – P.100-117.
  • Feng, L. and Seasholes, M. S. Individual investors and gender similarities in an emerging stock market // Pacific-Basin Finance Journal. – 2007. Online version posted on 4 May 2007.
  • Grable, J. E. and Lytton, R. H. Financial risk tolerance revisited: The development of a risk assessment instrument // Financial Services Review 8. – 1999. – P.163-181.
  • Grable, J. E. Financial risk tolerance and additional factors that affect risk taking in every-day money matters // Journal of Business and Psychology. – 2000. №14 (4). – P. 625-630.
  • Grable, J. E., Lytton, R. H. Investor risk tolerance: testing the efficacy of demographics as differentiating and classifying factors // Financial Counseling and Planning 9. – 1998. – P. 61-73.
  • Grable, J. and Joo, S. Environmental and Biopsychosocial Factors Associated with Risk Tolerance // Financial Counseling and Planning. – 2004. №15(1). – P. 73-82.
  • Grable, J. E. and Roszkowski, M.J. Self_assessments of risk tolerance by women and men // Psychological Reports. – 2007. №100(3 I). – P. 795-802.
  • Guiso, L., Haliassos, M. and Jappelli, T. Household stockholding in Europe: Where Do We Stand and Where Do We Go? // Economic Policy. – 2003. №18. – P. 123-170.
  • Guiso, L., Jappelli, T., Terlizzese, D. Income risk, borrowing constraints, and portfolio choice // American Economic Review. – 1996. №86 (1). – P. 158-172.
  • Haliassos, M. and Bertaut, C. C. Why do so few hold stocks? // Economic Journal. – 1995. № 105. – P. 1110-1129.
  • Hui, W., Hanna, S. Does risk tolerance decrease with age? // Financial Counseling and Planning. – 1997. № 8 (2). – P. 27-31.
  • Kover, A. Okay, women really could use special advice about investing // Fortune. – 1999. № 139. – P. 129-32.
  • Leuermann, A. Essays on Risk Preferences and Behavioral Finance // Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der Wurde eines ¨Doktors der Wirtschaftswissenschaften an der Fakultat f¨ ur Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften der¨. – Ruprecht-Karls-Universitat Heidelberg. 2012: http://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/volltextserver/14388/1/THESIS.pdf (20.11.2015)
  • Lewellen, W., Lease, R. and Schlarbaum, G. Patterns of investment strategy and behavior among individual investors // Journal of Business. – 1977. №50. – P. 296-333.
  • Mankiw, G. N. and Zeldes, S. The consumption of stockholders and nonstockholders // Journal of Financial Economics. – 1991. №29. – P. 97-112.
  • Morin, R.A., Suarez, A.E. Risk aversion revisited // The Journal of Finance. – 1983. №38. – P. 1201-1216.
  • Schooley, D. K. and Worden, D. D. Investors’ Asset allocations versus life-cycle Funds // Financial Analysts Journal. – 1999. № 5. – P. 37-43.
  • Wang, H., Hanna, S. D. Does risk tolerance decrease with age? // Financial Coun-seling and Planning. – 1997. №8 (2). – P. 27-31.
  • Yao, R., Hanna, S. D., Lindamood, S. Changes in financial risk tolerance, 1983-2001 // Fi-nancial Services Review. – 2004. №13 (4). – P. 249-266.
  • Yao, R., Sharpe, L.D. and F. Wang. Decomposing the age effect on risk tolerance // The Journal of Socio-Economics. – 2011. №40. – P. 879- 887.
  • Zhong, L. X., Xiao, J. J.. Determinants of family bond and stock holdings // Financial Counseling and Planning. – 1995. №6. – P. 107-114.

Yıl 2016, Cilt 1, Sayı 69, 54 - 61, 01.05.2016

Kamalbek KARYMSHAKOV Raziya ABDİEVA Burulcha SULAİMANOVA

Öz

Данное исследование анализирует факторы, влияющие на толерантность населения к риску в Кыргызстане. Для эконометрических расчетов были использованы данные опроса «Жизнь в Кыргызстане» за 2011 г. Результаты мультиномиальных пробит-моделей показы-вают, что мужчины готовы взять на себя риск в большей степени, чем женщины, и что с уве-личением возраста люди становятся менее склонны к риску. Уровень дохода и образования оказывает положительное влияние на склонность к риску. Региональное распределение толе-рантности к риску показывает, что люди, живущие в сельской местности и в южном регионе страны, менее склонны к риску.

Первая версия этой статьи была представлена на ежегодной конференции «Жизнь в Кыргызстане» в Бишкеке 1-2 октября 2015 года.

Anahtar Kelimeler

толерантность к риску, мультиномиальная пробит-модель, Кыргызстан

Kaynakça

  • Al-Ajmi, J. Y. Risk Tolerance of Individual Investors in an Emerging Market // Journal of Risk and Diversification. ISSN 1986-4337. Issue 2. – 2011: http://www.journalofriskanddiversification.com
  • Bertaut, C. C. Stockholding behavior of U.S. households: evidence from the 1983–1989 Survey of Consumer Finances // Review of Economics and Statistics. – 1998. №. 80 (2). – P. 263-275.
  • Bruce, A. and Johnson, J. Male and female betting behavior: new perspectives // Journal of Gambling Studies. – 1994. №10. – P. 183-98.
  • Bymes, J. P., Miller, D. C. and Schafer, W. D. Gender Differences in Risk Taking: A Meta-Analysis // Psychological Bulletin. – 1999. № 125. – P. 367-383.
  • Cameron, A. S. and Trivedi P. K. Microeconometrics: Methods and applications. – Cam-bridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
  • Christiansen, C., Joensen, J. S. and Rangvid, J. Genders, Marriage and the Decision to In-vest in Stock and Bonds: Do Single Women Invest More in Less Risky Assets? // D-CAF Working Paper No. 18. School of Economics and Management, University of Aarhus, Denmark. 2006.
  • Çağlayan, E. and Abdieva, R. Asian Economic and Fınancıal Review. – 2014. Vol. 4. № 3. – P. 404-415.
  • Faff, R., Hallahan, T., & McKenzie, M. Women and risk tolerance in an aging world // In-ternational Journal of Accounting and Information Management. – 2011. №19(2). – P.100-117.
  • Feng, L. and Seasholes, M. S. Individual investors and gender similarities in an emerging stock market // Pacific-Basin Finance Journal. – 2007. Online version posted on 4 May 2007.
  • Grable, J. E. and Lytton, R. H. Financial risk tolerance revisited: The development of a risk assessment instrument // Financial Services Review 8. – 1999. – P.163-181.
  • Grable, J. E. Financial risk tolerance and additional factors that affect risk taking in every-day money matters // Journal of Business and Psychology. – 2000. №14 (4). – P. 625-630.
  • Grable, J. E., Lytton, R. H. Investor risk tolerance: testing the efficacy of demographics as differentiating and classifying factors // Financial Counseling and Planning 9. – 1998. – P. 61-73.
  • Grable, J. and Joo, S. Environmental and Biopsychosocial Factors Associated with Risk Tolerance // Financial Counseling and Planning. – 2004. №15(1). – P. 73-82.
  • Grable, J. E. and Roszkowski, M.J. Self_assessments of risk tolerance by women and men // Psychological Reports. – 2007. №100(3 I). – P. 795-802.
  • Guiso, L., Haliassos, M. and Jappelli, T. Household stockholding in Europe: Where Do We Stand and Where Do We Go? // Economic Policy. – 2003. №18. – P. 123-170.
  • Guiso, L., Jappelli, T., Terlizzese, D. Income risk, borrowing constraints, and portfolio choice // American Economic Review. – 1996. №86 (1). – P. 158-172.
  • Haliassos, M. and Bertaut, C. C. Why do so few hold stocks? // Economic Journal. – 1995. № 105. – P. 1110-1129.
  • Hui, W., Hanna, S. Does risk tolerance decrease with age? // Financial Counseling and Planning. – 1997. № 8 (2). – P. 27-31.
  • Kover, A. Okay, women really could use special advice about investing // Fortune. – 1999. № 139. – P. 129-32.
  • Leuermann, A. Essays on Risk Preferences and Behavioral Finance // Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der Wurde eines ¨Doktors der Wirtschaftswissenschaften an der Fakultat f¨ ur Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften der¨. – Ruprecht-Karls-Universitat Heidelberg. 2012: http://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/volltextserver/14388/1/THESIS.pdf (20.11.2015)
  • Lewellen, W., Lease, R. and Schlarbaum, G. Patterns of investment strategy and behavior among individual investors // Journal of Business. – 1977. №50. – P. 296-333.
  • Mankiw, G. N. and Zeldes, S. The consumption of stockholders and nonstockholders // Journal of Financial Economics. – 1991. №29. – P. 97-112.
  • Morin, R.A., Suarez, A.E. Risk aversion revisited // The Journal of Finance. – 1983. №38. – P. 1201-1216.
  • Schooley, D. K. and Worden, D. D. Investors’ Asset allocations versus life-cycle Funds // Financial Analysts Journal. – 1999. № 5. – P. 37-43.
  • Wang, H., Hanna, S. D. Does risk tolerance decrease with age? // Financial Coun-seling and Planning. – 1997. №8 (2). – P. 27-31.
  • Yao, R., Hanna, S. D., Lindamood, S. Changes in financial risk tolerance, 1983-2001 // Fi-nancial Services Review. – 2004. №13 (4). – P. 249-266.
  • Yao, R., Sharpe, L.D. and F. Wang. Decomposing the age effect on risk tolerance // The Journal of Socio-Economics. – 2011. №40. – P. 879- 887.
  • Zhong, L. X., Xiao, J. J.. Determinants of family bond and stock holdings // Financial Counseling and Planning. – 1995. №6. – P. 107-114.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sosyal
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Kamalbek KARYMSHAKOV>
KYRGYZ - TURKISH MANAS UNIVERSITY

Raziya ABDİEVA>
KYRGYZ - TURKISH MANAS UNIVERSITY

Burulcha SULAİMANOVA Bu kişi benim
KYRGYZ - TURKISH MANAS UNIVERSITY

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Mayıs 2016
Yayınlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016, Cilt 1, Sayı 69

Kaynak Göster

Bibtex @araştırma makalesi { reforma531418, journal = {Reforma}, issn = {1694-5158}, address = {Cengiz Aytmatov Kampüsü, Kırgızistan Türkiye Manas Üniversitesi , Jal, Bişkek, Kırgızistan}, publisher = {Kırgızistan Türkiye Manas Üniversitesi}, year = {2016}, volume = {1}, number = {69}, pages = {54 - 61}, title = {DETERMINANTS OF RISK TOLERANCE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM KYRGYZSTAN}, key = {cite}, author = {Karymshakov, Kamalbek and Abdieva, Raziya and Sulaimanova, Burulcha} }
APA Karymshakov, K. , Abdieva, R. & Sulaimanova, B. (2016). DETERMINANTS OF RISK TOLERANCE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM KYRGYZSTAN . Reforma , 1 (69) , 54-61 . Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/reforma/issue/40386/531418
MLA Karymshakov, K. , Abdieva, R. , Sulaimanova, B. "DETERMINANTS OF RISK TOLERANCE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM KYRGYZSTAN" . Reforma 1 (2016 ): 54-61 <https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/reforma/issue/40386/531418>
Chicago Karymshakov, K. , Abdieva, R. , Sulaimanova, B. "DETERMINANTS OF RISK TOLERANCE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM KYRGYZSTAN". Reforma 1 (2016 ): 54-61
RIS TY - JOUR T1 - DETERMINANTS OF RISK TOLERANCE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM KYRGYZSTAN AU - KamalbekKarymshakov, RaziyaAbdieva, BurulchaSulaimanova Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 N1 - DO - T2 - Reforma JF - Journal JO - JOR SP - 54 EP - 61 VL - 1 IS - 69 SN - 1694-5158- M3 - UR - Y2 - 2023 ER -
EndNote %0 Reforma DETERMINANTS OF RISK TOLERANCE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM KYRGYZSTAN %A Kamalbek Karymshakov , Raziya Abdieva , Burulcha Sulaimanova %T DETERMINANTS OF RISK TOLERANCE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM KYRGYZSTAN %D 2016 %J Reforma %P 1694-5158- %V 1 %N 69 %R %U
ISNAD Karymshakov, Kamalbek , Abdieva, Raziya , Sulaimanova, Burulcha . "DETERMINANTS OF RISK TOLERANCE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM KYRGYZSTAN". Reforma 1 / 69 (Mayıs 2016): 54-61 .
AMA Karymshakov K. , Abdieva R. , Sulaimanova B. DETERMINANTS OF RISK TOLERANCE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM KYRGYZSTAN. Reforma. 2016; 1(69): 54-61.
Vancouver Karymshakov K. , Abdieva R. , Sulaimanova B. DETERMINANTS OF RISK TOLERANCE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM KYRGYZSTAN. Reforma. 2016; 1(69): 54-61.
IEEE K. Karymshakov , R. Abdieva ve B. Sulaimanova , "DETERMINANTS OF RISK TOLERANCE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM KYRGYZSTAN", Reforma, c. 1, sayı. 69, ss. 54-61, May. 2016