Adölesanlarda Akdeniz Diyetine Uyum ile Meyve ve Sebze Tüketim Davranışlarının Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, adölesanların Akdeniz diyetine uyumlarının belirlenmesi ve meyve sebze tüketim davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Bu çalışma Ankara ilinde lise öğrenimi gören 487 adölesan ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın verileri; genel özellikler, antropometrik ölçümler, beslenme alışkanlıkları, Akdeniz Diyet Kalite İndeksi (KIDMED) ile Meyve ve Sebze Tüketimi Değişim Süreci Ölçeği (MSTDÖ)’ni içeren anket formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. MSTDÖ ölçeğinin bilişsel ve davranışsal olarak iki alt boyutu vardır. Verilerin analizinde Independent Sample-t test, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney-U test, Kruskal-Wallis-H testi ve Pearson χ2- testi ile Spearman korelasyon katsayısı kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan bireylerin %51,5’i kadın, %48.5’i erkek öğrencilerden oluşmaktadır. Adölesanların %11,1’inin fazla kilolu ve %1.9’unun obez olduğu saptanmıştır. KIDMED, MSTDÖ toplam ve MSTDÖ davranışsal alt boyutu puan ortalamalarının erkeklerde kadınlara göre daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Erkeklerin KIDMED’e göre %31,6’sının düşük, %55,6’sının orta, %12,8’inin iyi; kadınların ise %43,4’ünün düşük, %48,2’sinin orta, %8,4’ünün iyi diyet kalitesine sahip olduğu saptanmıştır. Sigara kullanan, kahvaltı öğününü atlayan, ana öğün sayısı düşük olan ve sağlıklı beslenme bilgisine sahip olmayan adölesanların KIDMED ve MSTDÖ puan ortalamalarının istatistiksel olarak daha düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,05).

Keywords

• Adölesan
• obezite
• akdeniz diyeti
• meyve
• sebze

Assessment of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Behaviors of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in Adolescents

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the adherence of adolescents to the Mediterranean diet and to determine their behaviors of fruit and vegetable consumption. Methods: The study involved 487 adolescents studying at high school in Ankara, Turkey. The study data were collected by using the questionnaire form involving general characteristics, anthropometric measurements, dietary habits, the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED), and the Scale of Processes of Change for Fruit and Vegetable Consumption (SPCFVC). The SPCFVC has two sub-dimensions, cognitive and behavioral. Independent Sample-t test, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney-U test, Kruskal-Wallis-H test, Pearson χ2- test, and Spearman correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. Results: Among the participants, 51.5% were females and 48.5% were males. Of these, 11.1% were overweight and 1.9% were obese. The mean KIDMED, total SPCFVC, and behavioral SPCFVC scores were higher among males than females (p<0.05). It was found out that 31.6% of the males had a low, 55.6% had a moderate, and 12.8% had a good diet quality, while 43.4% of the females had a low, 48.2% had a moderate, and 8.4% had a good diet quality according to KIDMED. The adolescents who smoked, skipped breakfast, had a low number of main meals, and were not informed about healthy diet had statistically lower mean KIDMED and SPCFVC scores (p<0.05). Conclusion: The adherence of adolescents to the Mediterranean diet was low and moderate, males better adhered to the Mediterranean diet, and they could adapt to changes related to fruit and vegetable consumption more easily.

Keywords

• Adolescent
• obesity
• diet mediterranean
• fruit
• vegetables

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