Manyetik Rezonans Kontrast Ajanların Sıçan Beyni Üzerine Etkilerinin Histopatolojik Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Gadolinyum tabanlı kontrast ajanlar (GBCA), manyetik rezonans görüntülemelerde (MRG) kontrast sağlamak amaçlı kullanılmaktadır. GBKA yapısına bağlı olarak beyin dokusu ve diğer dokularda birikim olduğu ile ilgili çalışmalar mevcuttur. Bu prospektif hayvan çalışmasında, makrosiklik iyonik (Gadoterik asit) ve lineer noniyonik (Gadodiamide) GBCA'ın çoklu enjeksiyonlarının sıçan santral sinir sistemindeki etkisini histopatolojik olarak değerlendirmek ve moleküler yapısına göre karşılaştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Sprague-Dawley cinsi erkek sıçanlara haftada 4 gün gün aşırı, ve her seferinde 0.1 mmol (0,2 ml/kg) /mg/kg gadodiamide ve gadoterik asid 5 hafta boyunca uygulandıktan sonra 5 hafta ilaçsız bekletildi. Onuncu haftanın sonunda sıçanlar anestezi altında uyutulup beyin dokusundan örnekler alındı. Beyin dokusu örnekleri beyin dokusu üzerine yapılmış toksisite çalışmalarına uygun bir şekilde, serebral korteksden farklı alanlarda atipik nöron ve oligodendositler körleme olarak iki histopatolog tarafından ışık mikroskobu altında skorlanarak değerlendirildi. Elde edilen veriler Kruskal-Wallis testi ile ve gruplar arası karşılaştırmalar ise Tamhane T2 ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Kontrol ve serum fizyolojik grubuna ait deneklerin beyin dokusu ışık mikroskobik kesitlerinde gri ve beyaz cevher normal histolojik yapı özellikleri sergilediği izlendi. Gadodiamide uygulanmış grubun beyin dokusuna ait kesitlerinde tipik yapıda nöronlar ve oligodendrositler mevcut olup herhangi bir patoloji gözlemlenmedi. Gadoterik asit grubunda tipik yapıda oligodenraositler gözlenmekle beraber birkaç atipik nöron dışında herhangi bir patolojik yapı izlenmedi. Sonuç: Gadolinium uzun süreli diagnostik alımlarında sıçan beyin hücrelerinde patolojik bulguya neden olmamaktadır. Bu bulgular kontrast maddenin kimyasal yapısına göre (lineer ya da makrosiklik ) farklılık göstermemektedir.

Keywords

• Manyetik rezonans kontrast ajan
• gadoterik asit
• gadodiamide
• beyin

Histopathological Evaluation of the Effects of Magnetic Resonance Contrast Agents on the Rat Brain

Abstract

Aim : Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCA) are used to provide contrast in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Previous studies have reported that repeated administrations of linear gadolinium- based contrast agents lead to their accumulation in the brain and other tissues depending on the GBKA structure. The purpose of this prospective animal study was to investigate the effect of multiple administrations of macrocyclic ionic (gadoteric acid) and linear nonionic (gadodiamide) gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) on rat brain tissue and to compare these molecules in terms of tissue damage. Material and Methods: Sprague-Dawley male rats were administered 0.1 mmol (0.2 ml/kg)/mg/kg gadodiamide and gadoteric acid 4 days per week for 5 weeks. He was then kept drug-free for 5 weeks. At the end of the tenth week, the rats were put to sleep under anesthesia and samples were taken from the brain tissue. Atypical neurons and oligodendocytes from brain tissue samples were scored and evaluated by two histopathologists under a light microscope. The data obtained were evaluated with the Kruskal-Wallis test and the comparisons between the groups were Tamhane T2. Results: Gray and white matter tissue in the brain tissue of the subjects belonging to the control and saline groups were normal histological. Brain tissue sections of the gadodiamide group had typical neurons and oligodendrocytes, and no pathology was observed. However, no pathological structure was observed except for a few atypical neurons. Conclusion: Gadolinium does not cause pathological findings in rat brain cells in long-term diagnostic intakes. These findings do not differ according to the chemical structure of the contrast agent (linear or macrocyclic).

Keywords

• magnetic resonance imaging
• gadodiamide
• gadoteric acid
• brain

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