Exploring miRNA Inhibiting Therapeutic Strategies for Multiple Sclerosis: Insights from Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Studies – A Traditional Review

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease in which immune cells attack the central nervous system (CNS) and cause degeneration of the myelin sheath. Although disease-modifying therapies are commonly used in the treatment of MS, these therapies cannot fully prevent or reverse the course of neurological deterioration. Furthermore, the response of patients with MS to these drugs may vary from person to person and over time. Therefore, the demand for new and more effective treatments continues. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have the potential to alter biological processes that lead to various diseases. Hence, dysregulated miRNA levels are thought to be associated with the pathogenesis of MS. Considering the regulatory role of miRNAs in both the CNS and immune response, many studies have proposed them as potential new therapeutic targets for MS in addition to being potential biomarkers. In this traditional review, the primary focus is on miRNA-based therapeutic approaches, followed by a compilation of studies that utilized miRNA therapy to inhibit upregulated miRNAs in the animal model of MS, known as Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE).

Keywords

• miRNA
• multiple sclerosis
• therapy
• experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Multipl Skleroz için miRNA İnhibisyonuna Yönelik Terapötik Stratejilerin Keşfi: Deneysel Otoimmün Ensefalomiyelit Çalışmalarından Elde Edilen Bulgular- Geleneksel Bir Derleme

Abstract

Multipl skleroz (MS), bağışıklık hücrelerinin merkezi sinir sistemine (MSS) saldırarak miyelin kılıfın dejenerasyonuna yol açtığı kronik bir enflamatuvar hastalıktır. MS tedavisinde sıklıkla hastalığı modifiye edici tedaviler kullanılmakla birlikte, bu yaklaşımlar nörolojik bozulmanın seyrini tamamen durdurmakta veya geri çevirmekte yetersiz kalmaktadır. Ayrıca, MS'li bireylerin bu tedavilere verdiği yanıt hem kişiden kişiye hem de zaman içinde değişkenlik gösterebilmektedir. Bu nedenle, daha etkili ve hedefe yönelik yeni tedavi stratejilerine olan ihtiyaç devam etmektedir. MikroRNA'lar (miRNA'lar), çeşitli hastalıklara neden olan biyolojik süreçleri değiştirme potansiyeline sahip küçük düzenleyici RNA molekülleridir. MS patogenezinde düzensiz miRNA ekspresyonunun önemli bir rol oynadığı düşünülmektedir. miRNA'ların hem MSS hem de bağışıklık sistemindeki düzenleyici etkileri göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, birçok çalışma bu molekülleri yalnızca potansiyel biyobelirteçler olarak değil, aynı zamanda terapötik hedefler olarak da önermiştir. Bu geleneksel derlemede, öncelikle miRNA inhibisyonuna yönelik tedavi yaklaşımları ele alınmış; ardından, MS'in deneysel hayvan modeli olan deneysel otoimmün ensefalomiyelit (DOE) kapsamında, aşırı ifade edilen miRNA'ların terapötik inhibisyonunu değerlendiren çalışmalar derlenmiştir.

Keywords

• miRNA
• multipl skleroz
• tedavi
• deneysel otoimmun ensefalomiyelit

Ethical Statement

Bu makale etik ilkelere uygun bir biçimde hazırlanmıştır.

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