Sanal Gerçeklik Uygulamasının Diyabetik Ayak Pansumanına Bağlı Ağrı ve Anksiyete Üzerine Etkisi: Randomize Kontrollü Çalışma

Abstract

Amaç: Araştırmanın amacı sanal gerçeklik uygulamasının diyabetik ayak pansumanına bağlı ağrı ve anksiyete üzerine etkisinin incelenmesidir.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma Türkiye’nin doğusunda bulunan bir hastanenin diyabetik ayak servisinde randomize kontrollü olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın evrenini hastanenin diyabetik ayak servisinde takip edilen ve araştırmaya alınma kriterlerine uyan hastalar oluşturmuş ve araştırma 67 hasta ile tamamlanmıştır. Veriler, Kişisel Tanıtım Formu, Görsel Analog Skala ve Durumluk Kaygı Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Veriler Google Forms aracılığıyla araştırmacınınn soruları sorup işaretlemesi ile toplanmıştır. Deney grubundaki hastalara pansuman sırasında sanal gerçeklik gözlüğü aracılığıyla motivasyonel video izletilmiştir. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde, tanımlayıcı istatiksel yöntemleri yanı sıra, Ki-kare testi ve bağımsız gruplarda t test kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Araştırmada deney grubundaki hastaların son test Görsel Analog Skala puan ortalamalarının kontrol grubundaki hastalardan anlamlı düzeyde daha düşük olduğu ve aralarındaki farkın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu bulunmuştur (Deney: 3,97±1,93, Kontrol: 5,27±1,3, p<0,005). İki grubun Durumluk Kaygı Ölçeği son test ortalamaları arasındaki farkın ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu ve deney grubundaki hastaların anksiyete düzeyinin daha düşük olduğu görülmüştür (p<0,005).

Sonuç: Elde edilen bulgular, sanal gerçeklik uygulamasının hem ağrı hem de anksiyete düzeylerinde anlamlı bir azalma sağladığını ortaya koymuştur. Sanal gerçeklik uygulamasının dikkat dağıtıcı bir uyaran olarak algılanması, bireyin ağrıyı ve kaygıyı algılama sürecine müdahale ederek bu olumsuz deneyimlerin şiddetini azaltmada etkili olabileceğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Ağrı
• anksiyete
• diyabetik ayak pansumanı
• hemşirelik
• sanal gerçeklik

The Effect of Virtual Reality Application on Pain and Anxiety Associated with Diabetic Foot Dressing: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of virtual reality application on pain and anxiety experienced during diabetic foot dressing.

Material and Methods: This randomized controlled study was conducted in the diabetic foot unit of a hospital located in eastern Turkey. The study population consisted of patients who were followed up in the diabetic foot unit and met the inclusion criteria. A total of 67 patients participated in the study (34 in the experimental group and 33 in the control group). Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, Visual Analog Scale, and State Anxiety Inventory. The data collection process was conducted via Google Forms by the researcher, who asked the questions and recorded the responses. During the dressing procedure, patients in the experimental group watched motivational videos through virtual reality headsets. In addition to descriptive statistical methods, chi square test and the independent samples t-test were used to analyze the data.

Results: The results revealed that the post-test mean Visual Analog Scale scores of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group, with the difference being statistically significant (Experimental: 3.97±1.93, Control: 5.27±1.3; p<0.050). Similarly, the post-test State Anxiety Inventory mean scores of the two groups differed significantly, with lower anxiety levels observed in the experimental group (p<0.050).

Conclusion: The findings indicate that the use of virtual reality significantly reduces both pain and anxiety levels. The distraction provided by virtual reality may interfere with the individual’s perception of pain and anxiety, thus effectively reducing the intensity of these negative experiences.

Keywords

• Pain
• anxiety
• diabetic foot dressing
• nursing
• virtual reality

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