Yıl 2023,
, 530 - 541, 30.06.2023
Mustafa Kavgacı
,
Hasan Eskalen
Destekleyen Kurum
Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi
Proje Numarası
2021/1-7 YLS, 2020/3-7 YLS
Kaynakça
- [1] S. Kerli and H. Eskalen, “Synthesis of titanium oxide thin films by spray pyrolysis method and its photocatalytic activity for degradation of dyes and ciprofloxacin,” Physics and Chemistry of Solid State, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 426–432, 2020.
- [2] H. Eskalen and S. Kerli, “Synthesis of Gd doped TiO2 Thin Film for Photocatalytic Degradation of Malachite Green,” Sakarya University Journal of Science, vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 1210–1215, 2020.
- [3] H. Eskalen, S. Uruş, and Ş. Özgan, “Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Mushrooms Like MWCNT/SiO2@ZnO Nanocomposite: Influence on Nematic Liquid Crystal E7 and Highly Effective Photocatalytic Activity in Degradation of Methyl Blue,” J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 763–775, 2021.
- [4] H. Eskalen, H. Yaykaşlı, M. Kavgacı, and A. Kayış, “Investigating the PVA/TiO2/CDs polymer nanocomposites: effect of carbon dots for photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B,” Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. 33, no. 7, pp. 4643–4658, 2022.
- [5] S. Uruş, M. Çaylar, H. Eskalen, and Ş. Özgan, “Synthesis of GO@Fe3O4@TiO2 type organic–inorganic nanohybrid material: Investigation of the effect of nanohybrid doped liquid crystal E7 and the photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin,” Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. 33, no. 7, pp. 4314–4329, 2022.
- [6] M. Ikram et al., “Efficient Photocatalytic Dye Degradation and Bacterial Inactivation by Graphitic Carbon Nitride and Starch-Doped Magnesium Hydroxide Nanostructures,” ACS Omega, 2022,.
- [7] S. Kerli, Ü. Alver, H. Eskalen, S. Uruş, and A. K. Soğuksu, “Structural and Morphological Properties of Boron Doped V2O5 Thin Films: Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Blue,” Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry, vol. 92, no. 2, pp. 304–309, 2019.
- [8] C. Kursun, M. Gogebakan, H. Eskalen, S. Uruş, and J. H. Perepezko, “Microstructural Evaluation and Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation Characteristic of Nanostructured Mg65Ni20Y15−xLax (X = 1, 2, 3) Alloys,” J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 494–503, 2020.
- [9] H. Eskalen, S. Uruş, H. Yaykaęli, and M. Gögebakan, “Microstructural Characterization of Ball Milled Co60Fe18Ti18Nb4 Alloys and Their Photocatalytic Performance,” Alloy Materials and Their Allied Applications, pp. 91–103, 2020.
- [10] N. Venkatesh, G. Murugadoss, A. A. A. Mohamed, M. R. Kumar, S. G. Peera, and P. Sakthivel, “A Novel Nanocomposite Based on Triazine Based Covalent Organic Polymer Blended with Porous g-C3N4 for Photo Catalytic Dye Degradation of Rose Bengal and Fast Green,” Molecules, vol. 27, no. 21, p. 7168, 2022.
- [11] M. Atashkadi, A. Mohadesi, M. A. Karimi, S. Z. Mohammadi, and V. H. Aghaei, “Synthesis and characterization of Black Au nanoparticles deposited over g-C3N4 nanosheets: Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue,” 38558, pp. 1–26, 2022.
- [12] H. Özlü Torun, R. Kırkgeçit, F. Kılıç Dokan, and E. Öztürk, “Preparation of La-Dy-CeO2 ternary compound: Examination of photocatalytic and photoluminescence properties,” J Photochem Photobiol A Chem, vol. 418, p. 113338, 2021.
- [13] V. Ugraskan and F. Karaman, “Enhanced thermoelectric properties of highly conductive poly (3,4-ethylenedioxy thiophene)/exfoliated graphitic carbon nitride composites,” Synth Met, vol. 287, p. 117070, 2022.
- [14] S. Yılmaz et al., “Enhanced hydrogen evolution by using ternary nanocomposites of mesoporous carbon nitride/black phosphorous/transition metal nanoparticles (m-gCN/BP-M; M=Co, Ni, and Cu) as photocatalysts under visible light: A comparative experimental and theoretical study,” Appl Surf Sci, vol. 593, p. 153398, 2022.
- [15] A. Sudhaik, P. Raizada, S. Thakur, A. K. Saini, P. Singh, and A. Hosseini-Bandegharaei, “Metal-free photo-activation of peroxymonosulfate using graphene supported graphitic carbon nitride for enhancing photocatalytic activity,” Mater Lett, vol. 277, p. 128277, 2020.
- [16] G. K. Dutta and N. Karak, “Bio-based waterborne polyester supported oxygeneous graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets as a sustainable photocatalyst for aquatic environment remediation,” J Clean Prod, vol. 285, p. 124906, 2021.
- [17] M. S. Khan, F. Zhang, M. Osada, S. S. Mao, and S. Shen, “Graphitic Carbon Nitride-Based Low-Dimensional Heterostructures for Photocatalytic Applications,” Solar RRL, vol. 4, no. 8, p. 1900435, 2020.
- [18] W. Xu et al., “Visible light photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline with porous Ag/graphite carbon nitride plasmonic composite: Degradation pathways and mechanism,” J Colloid Interface Sci, vol. 574, pp. 110–121, 2020.
- [19] V. Balakumar, R. Manivannan, C. Chuaicham, S. Karthikeyan, and K. Sasaki, “A simple tactic synthesis of hollow porous graphitic carbon nitride with significantly enhanced photocatalytic performance,” Chemical Communications, vol. 57, no. 55, pp. 6772–6775, 2021.
- [20] J. Tan et al., “Visible-light-assisted peroxymonosulfate activation by metal-free bifunctional oxygen-doped graphitic carbon nitride for enhanced degradation of imidacloprid: Role of non-photochemical and photocatalytic activation pathway,” J Hazard Mater, vol. 423, p. 127048, 2022.
- [21] D. Gogoi, A. K. Shah, M. Qureshi, A. K. Golder, and N. R. Peela, “Silver grafted graphitic-carbon nitride ternary hetero-junction Ag/gC3N4(Urea)-gC3N4(Thiourea) with efficient charge transfer for enhanced visible-light photocatalytic green H2 production,” Appl Surf Sci, vol. 558, p. 149900, 2021.
- [22] R. Kavitha, P. M. Nithya, and S. Girish Kumar, “Noble metal deposited graphitic carbon nitride based heterojunction photocatalysts,” Appl Surf Sci, vol. 508, p. 145142, 2020.
- [23] N. Rono, J. K. Kibet, B. S. Martincigh, and V. O. Nyamori, “A comparative study between thermal etching and liquid exfoliation of bulk graphitic carbon nitride to nanosheets for the photocatalytic degradation of a model environmental pollutant, Rhodamine B,” Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 687–706, 2021.
- [24] H. Lin et al., “Enhanced visible-light photocatalysis of clofibric acid using graphitic carbon nitride modified by cerium oxide nanoparticles,” J Hazard Mater, vol. 405, p. 124204, 2021.
- [25] A. Hayat et al., “Graphitic carbon nitride (g–C3N4)–based semiconductor as a beneficial candidate in photocatalysis diversity,” Int J Hydrogen Energy, vol. 47, no. 8, pp. 5142–5191, 2022.
- [26] S. Sivasakthi and K. Gurunathan, “Graphitic carbon nitride bedecked with CuO/ZnO hetero-interface microflower towards high photocatalytic performance,” Renew Energy, vol. 159, pp. 786–800, 2020.
- [27] C. Saka, “Phosphorus decorated g-C3N4-TiO2 particles as efficient metal-free catalysts for hydrogen release by NaBH4 methanolysis,” Fuel, vol. 322, p. 124196, 2022.
- [28] M. U. Rahman et al., “Solar driven photocatalytic degradation potential of novel graphitic carbon nitride based nano zero-valent iron doped bismuth ferrite ternary composite,” Opt Mater (Amst), vol. 120, p. 111408, 2021.
- [29] Y. Orooji, M. Ghanbari, O. Amiri, and M. Salavati-Niasari, “Facile fabrication of silver iodide/graphitic carbon nitride nanocomposites by notable photo-catalytic performance through sunlight and antimicrobial activity,” J Hazard Mater, vol. 389, p. 122079, 2020.
- [30] U. Saeed, A. Jilani, J. Iqbal, and H. Al-Turaif, “Reduced graphene oxide-assisted graphitic carbon nitride@ZnO rods for enhanced physical and photocatalytic degradation,” Inorg Chem Commun, vol. 142, p. 109623, 2022.
- [31] L. Ge, “Synthesis and photocatalytic performance of novel metal-free g-C3N4 photocatalysts,” Mater Lett, vol. 65, no. 17–18, pp. 2652–2654, 2011.
- [32] H. Zou et al., “Photocatalytic activity enhancement of modified g-C3N4 by ionothermal copolymerization,” Journal of Materiomics, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 340–347, 2015.
- [33] D. R. Paul, S. Gautam, P. Panchal, S. P. Nehra, P. Choudhary, and A. Sharma, “ZnO-Modified g-C3N4: A Potential Photocatalyst for Environmental Application,” ACS Omega, vol. 5, no. 8, pp. 3828–3838, 2020.
- [34] J. Hu, P. Zhang, W. An, L. Liu, Y. Liang, and W. Cui, “In-situ Fe-doped g-C3N4 heterogeneous catalyst via photocatalysis-Fenton reaction with enriched photocatalytic performance for removal of complex wastewater,” Appl Catal B, vol. 245, pp. 130–142, 2019.
- [35] M. Piri, M. M. Heravi, A. Elhampour, and F. Nemati, “Silver nanoparticles supported on P, Se-codoped g-C3N4 nanosheet as a novel heterogeneous catalyst for reduction of nitroaromatics to their corresponding amines,” J Mol Struct, vol. 1242, p. 130646, 2021.
- [36] C. Liu, H. Huang, W. Cui, F. Dong, and Y. Zhang, “Band structure engineering and efficient charge transport in oxygen substituted g-C3N4 for superior photocatalytic hydrogen evolution,” Appl Catal B, vol. 230, pp. 115–124, 2018.
- [37] M. A. Mohamed et al., “Constructing bio-templated 3D porous microtubular C-doped g-C3N4 with tunable band structure and enhanced charge carrier separation,” Appl Catal B, vol. 236, pp. 265–279, 2018.
- [38] S. Babar et al., “An innovative transformation of waste toner powder into magnetic g-C3N4-Fe2O3 photocatalyst: Sustainable e-waste management,” J Environ Chem Eng, vol. 7, no. 2, p. 103041, 2019.
- [39] S. Liu, S. Wang, Y. Jiang, Z. Zhao, G. Jiang, and Z. Sun, “Synthesis of Fe2O3 loaded porous g-C3N4 photocatalyst for photocatalytic reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia,” Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 373, pp. 572–579, 2019.
- [40] C. Daikopoulos et al., “Arsenite remediation by an amine-rich graphitic carbon nitride synthesized by a novel low-temperature method,” Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 256, pp. 347–355, 2014.
- [41] Y. Yang, J. Chen, Z. Mao, N. An, D. Wang, and B. D. Fahlman, “Ultrathin g-C3N4 nanosheets with an extended visible-light-responsive range for significant enhancement of photocatalysis,” RSC Adv, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 2333–2341, 2017.
- [42] H. Leelavathi, R. Muralidharan, N. Abirami, S. Tamizharasan, A. Kumarasamy, and R. Arulmozhi, “Exploration of ZnO decorated g-C3N4 amphiphilic anticancer drugs for antiproliferative activity against human cervical cancer,” J Drug Deliv Sci Technol, vol. 68, p. 103126, 2022.
- [43] A. K. Soğuksu, S. Kerli, M. Kavgacı, and A. Gündeş, “Electrochemical Properties, Antimicrobial Activity and Photocatalytic Performance of Cerium-Iron Oxide Nanoparticles,” Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, vol. 96, no. 1, pp. 209–215, 2022.
- [44] H. Xing et al., “Preparation of g-C3N4/ZnO composites and their enhanced photocatalytic activity,” Materials Technology, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 122–127, 2015.
- [45] Q. Zhong, H. Lan, M. Zhang, H. Zhu, and M. Bu, “Preparation of heterostructure g-C3N4/ZnO nanorods for high photocatalytic activity on different pollutants (MB, RhB, Cr(VI) and eosin),” Ceram Int, vol. 46, no. 8, pp. 12192–12199, 2020.
- [46] X. Li et al., “Synergistic effect of efficient adsorption g-C3N4/ZnO composite for photocatalytic property,” Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, vol. 75, no. 3, pp. 441–446, 2014.
Facile Synthesis and Characterization of gCN, gCN-Zn and gCN-Fe Binary Nanocomposite and Its Application as Photocatalyst for Methylene Blue Degradation
Yıl 2023,
, 530 - 541, 30.06.2023
Mustafa Kavgacı
,
Hasan Eskalen
Öz
The combustion method to obtain for pure graphitic carbon nitride (gCN) and two binary nanocomposites, gCN-Zn - gCN-Fe have been used in the present study. The structural, morphological, thermal and optical characterizations of the syhtesized samples were characterized with X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The intensity of characteristic gCN peak at (002) crystalline plane decrease with formation of binary nanocomposites was observed. The EDX spectra supports presents of Zn and Fe element in binary nanocomposites. The bandgap of pristine gCN is calculated as 2.75 eV and it decreases to 2.58 eV and 2.50 eV for Zn and Fe addition. The degradation capacity of pristine gCN and synthesized binary nanocomposites showed an enhanced photodegradation performance for binary composite relative to pristine gCN was observed. The maximum degradation performance was observed at gCN-Zn binary composite. The obtained composites with this simple synthesis method and cost effective raw materials used for the photodegradation of methylene blue dye detail.
Proje Numarası
2021/1-7 YLS, 2020/3-7 YLS
Kaynakça
- [1] S. Kerli and H. Eskalen, “Synthesis of titanium oxide thin films by spray pyrolysis method and its photocatalytic activity for degradation of dyes and ciprofloxacin,” Physics and Chemistry of Solid State, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 426–432, 2020.
- [2] H. Eskalen and S. Kerli, “Synthesis of Gd doped TiO2 Thin Film for Photocatalytic Degradation of Malachite Green,” Sakarya University Journal of Science, vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 1210–1215, 2020.
- [3] H. Eskalen, S. Uruş, and Ş. Özgan, “Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Mushrooms Like MWCNT/SiO2@ZnO Nanocomposite: Influence on Nematic Liquid Crystal E7 and Highly Effective Photocatalytic Activity in Degradation of Methyl Blue,” J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 763–775, 2021.
- [4] H. Eskalen, H. Yaykaşlı, M. Kavgacı, and A. Kayış, “Investigating the PVA/TiO2/CDs polymer nanocomposites: effect of carbon dots for photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B,” Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. 33, no. 7, pp. 4643–4658, 2022.
- [5] S. Uruş, M. Çaylar, H. Eskalen, and Ş. Özgan, “Synthesis of GO@Fe3O4@TiO2 type organic–inorganic nanohybrid material: Investigation of the effect of nanohybrid doped liquid crystal E7 and the photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin,” Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. 33, no. 7, pp. 4314–4329, 2022.
- [6] M. Ikram et al., “Efficient Photocatalytic Dye Degradation and Bacterial Inactivation by Graphitic Carbon Nitride and Starch-Doped Magnesium Hydroxide Nanostructures,” ACS Omega, 2022,.
- [7] S. Kerli, Ü. Alver, H. Eskalen, S. Uruş, and A. K. Soğuksu, “Structural and Morphological Properties of Boron Doped V2O5 Thin Films: Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Blue,” Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry, vol. 92, no. 2, pp. 304–309, 2019.
- [8] C. Kursun, M. Gogebakan, H. Eskalen, S. Uruş, and J. H. Perepezko, “Microstructural Evaluation and Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation Characteristic of Nanostructured Mg65Ni20Y15−xLax (X = 1, 2, 3) Alloys,” J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 494–503, 2020.
- [9] H. Eskalen, S. Uruş, H. Yaykaęli, and M. Gögebakan, “Microstructural Characterization of Ball Milled Co60Fe18Ti18Nb4 Alloys and Their Photocatalytic Performance,” Alloy Materials and Their Allied Applications, pp. 91–103, 2020.
- [10] N. Venkatesh, G. Murugadoss, A. A. A. Mohamed, M. R. Kumar, S. G. Peera, and P. Sakthivel, “A Novel Nanocomposite Based on Triazine Based Covalent Organic Polymer Blended with Porous g-C3N4 for Photo Catalytic Dye Degradation of Rose Bengal and Fast Green,” Molecules, vol. 27, no. 21, p. 7168, 2022.
- [11] M. Atashkadi, A. Mohadesi, M. A. Karimi, S. Z. Mohammadi, and V. H. Aghaei, “Synthesis and characterization of Black Au nanoparticles deposited over g-C3N4 nanosheets: Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue,” 38558, pp. 1–26, 2022.
- [12] H. Özlü Torun, R. Kırkgeçit, F. Kılıç Dokan, and E. Öztürk, “Preparation of La-Dy-CeO2 ternary compound: Examination of photocatalytic and photoluminescence properties,” J Photochem Photobiol A Chem, vol. 418, p. 113338, 2021.
- [13] V. Ugraskan and F. Karaman, “Enhanced thermoelectric properties of highly conductive poly (3,4-ethylenedioxy thiophene)/exfoliated graphitic carbon nitride composites,” Synth Met, vol. 287, p. 117070, 2022.
- [14] S. Yılmaz et al., “Enhanced hydrogen evolution by using ternary nanocomposites of mesoporous carbon nitride/black phosphorous/transition metal nanoparticles (m-gCN/BP-M; M=Co, Ni, and Cu) as photocatalysts under visible light: A comparative experimental and theoretical study,” Appl Surf Sci, vol. 593, p. 153398, 2022.
- [15] A. Sudhaik, P. Raizada, S. Thakur, A. K. Saini, P. Singh, and A. Hosseini-Bandegharaei, “Metal-free photo-activation of peroxymonosulfate using graphene supported graphitic carbon nitride for enhancing photocatalytic activity,” Mater Lett, vol. 277, p. 128277, 2020.
- [16] G. K. Dutta and N. Karak, “Bio-based waterborne polyester supported oxygeneous graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets as a sustainable photocatalyst for aquatic environment remediation,” J Clean Prod, vol. 285, p. 124906, 2021.
- [17] M. S. Khan, F. Zhang, M. Osada, S. S. Mao, and S. Shen, “Graphitic Carbon Nitride-Based Low-Dimensional Heterostructures for Photocatalytic Applications,” Solar RRL, vol. 4, no. 8, p. 1900435, 2020.
- [18] W. Xu et al., “Visible light photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline with porous Ag/graphite carbon nitride plasmonic composite: Degradation pathways and mechanism,” J Colloid Interface Sci, vol. 574, pp. 110–121, 2020.
- [19] V. Balakumar, R. Manivannan, C. Chuaicham, S. Karthikeyan, and K. Sasaki, “A simple tactic synthesis of hollow porous graphitic carbon nitride with significantly enhanced photocatalytic performance,” Chemical Communications, vol. 57, no. 55, pp. 6772–6775, 2021.
- [20] J. Tan et al., “Visible-light-assisted peroxymonosulfate activation by metal-free bifunctional oxygen-doped graphitic carbon nitride for enhanced degradation of imidacloprid: Role of non-photochemical and photocatalytic activation pathway,” J Hazard Mater, vol. 423, p. 127048, 2022.
- [21] D. Gogoi, A. K. Shah, M. Qureshi, A. K. Golder, and N. R. Peela, “Silver grafted graphitic-carbon nitride ternary hetero-junction Ag/gC3N4(Urea)-gC3N4(Thiourea) with efficient charge transfer for enhanced visible-light photocatalytic green H2 production,” Appl Surf Sci, vol. 558, p. 149900, 2021.
- [22] R. Kavitha, P. M. Nithya, and S. Girish Kumar, “Noble metal deposited graphitic carbon nitride based heterojunction photocatalysts,” Appl Surf Sci, vol. 508, p. 145142, 2020.
- [23] N. Rono, J. K. Kibet, B. S. Martincigh, and V. O. Nyamori, “A comparative study between thermal etching and liquid exfoliation of bulk graphitic carbon nitride to nanosheets for the photocatalytic degradation of a model environmental pollutant, Rhodamine B,” Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 687–706, 2021.
- [24] H. Lin et al., “Enhanced visible-light photocatalysis of clofibric acid using graphitic carbon nitride modified by cerium oxide nanoparticles,” J Hazard Mater, vol. 405, p. 124204, 2021.
- [25] A. Hayat et al., “Graphitic carbon nitride (g–C3N4)–based semiconductor as a beneficial candidate in photocatalysis diversity,” Int J Hydrogen Energy, vol. 47, no. 8, pp. 5142–5191, 2022.
- [26] S. Sivasakthi and K. Gurunathan, “Graphitic carbon nitride bedecked with CuO/ZnO hetero-interface microflower towards high photocatalytic performance,” Renew Energy, vol. 159, pp. 786–800, 2020.
- [27] C. Saka, “Phosphorus decorated g-C3N4-TiO2 particles as efficient metal-free catalysts for hydrogen release by NaBH4 methanolysis,” Fuel, vol. 322, p. 124196, 2022.
- [28] M. U. Rahman et al., “Solar driven photocatalytic degradation potential of novel graphitic carbon nitride based nano zero-valent iron doped bismuth ferrite ternary composite,” Opt Mater (Amst), vol. 120, p. 111408, 2021.
- [29] Y. Orooji, M. Ghanbari, O. Amiri, and M. Salavati-Niasari, “Facile fabrication of silver iodide/graphitic carbon nitride nanocomposites by notable photo-catalytic performance through sunlight and antimicrobial activity,” J Hazard Mater, vol. 389, p. 122079, 2020.
- [30] U. Saeed, A. Jilani, J. Iqbal, and H. Al-Turaif, “Reduced graphene oxide-assisted graphitic carbon nitride@ZnO rods for enhanced physical and photocatalytic degradation,” Inorg Chem Commun, vol. 142, p. 109623, 2022.
- [31] L. Ge, “Synthesis and photocatalytic performance of novel metal-free g-C3N4 photocatalysts,” Mater Lett, vol. 65, no. 17–18, pp. 2652–2654, 2011.
- [32] H. Zou et al., “Photocatalytic activity enhancement of modified g-C3N4 by ionothermal copolymerization,” Journal of Materiomics, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 340–347, 2015.
- [33] D. R. Paul, S. Gautam, P. Panchal, S. P. Nehra, P. Choudhary, and A. Sharma, “ZnO-Modified g-C3N4: A Potential Photocatalyst for Environmental Application,” ACS Omega, vol. 5, no. 8, pp. 3828–3838, 2020.
- [34] J. Hu, P. Zhang, W. An, L. Liu, Y. Liang, and W. Cui, “In-situ Fe-doped g-C3N4 heterogeneous catalyst via photocatalysis-Fenton reaction with enriched photocatalytic performance for removal of complex wastewater,” Appl Catal B, vol. 245, pp. 130–142, 2019.
- [35] M. Piri, M. M. Heravi, A. Elhampour, and F. Nemati, “Silver nanoparticles supported on P, Se-codoped g-C3N4 nanosheet as a novel heterogeneous catalyst for reduction of nitroaromatics to their corresponding amines,” J Mol Struct, vol. 1242, p. 130646, 2021.
- [36] C. Liu, H. Huang, W. Cui, F. Dong, and Y. Zhang, “Band structure engineering and efficient charge transport in oxygen substituted g-C3N4 for superior photocatalytic hydrogen evolution,” Appl Catal B, vol. 230, pp. 115–124, 2018.
- [37] M. A. Mohamed et al., “Constructing bio-templated 3D porous microtubular C-doped g-C3N4 with tunable band structure and enhanced charge carrier separation,” Appl Catal B, vol. 236, pp. 265–279, 2018.
- [38] S. Babar et al., “An innovative transformation of waste toner powder into magnetic g-C3N4-Fe2O3 photocatalyst: Sustainable e-waste management,” J Environ Chem Eng, vol. 7, no. 2, p. 103041, 2019.
- [39] S. Liu, S. Wang, Y. Jiang, Z. Zhao, G. Jiang, and Z. Sun, “Synthesis of Fe2O3 loaded porous g-C3N4 photocatalyst for photocatalytic reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia,” Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 373, pp. 572–579, 2019.
- [40] C. Daikopoulos et al., “Arsenite remediation by an amine-rich graphitic carbon nitride synthesized by a novel low-temperature method,” Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 256, pp. 347–355, 2014.
- [41] Y. Yang, J. Chen, Z. Mao, N. An, D. Wang, and B. D. Fahlman, “Ultrathin g-C3N4 nanosheets with an extended visible-light-responsive range for significant enhancement of photocatalysis,” RSC Adv, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 2333–2341, 2017.
- [42] H. Leelavathi, R. Muralidharan, N. Abirami, S. Tamizharasan, A. Kumarasamy, and R. Arulmozhi, “Exploration of ZnO decorated g-C3N4 amphiphilic anticancer drugs for antiproliferative activity against human cervical cancer,” J Drug Deliv Sci Technol, vol. 68, p. 103126, 2022.
- [43] A. K. Soğuksu, S. Kerli, M. Kavgacı, and A. Gündeş, “Electrochemical Properties, Antimicrobial Activity and Photocatalytic Performance of Cerium-Iron Oxide Nanoparticles,” Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, vol. 96, no. 1, pp. 209–215, 2022.
- [44] H. Xing et al., “Preparation of g-C3N4/ZnO composites and their enhanced photocatalytic activity,” Materials Technology, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 122–127, 2015.
- [45] Q. Zhong, H. Lan, M. Zhang, H. Zhu, and M. Bu, “Preparation of heterostructure g-C3N4/ZnO nanorods for high photocatalytic activity on different pollutants (MB, RhB, Cr(VI) and eosin),” Ceram Int, vol. 46, no. 8, pp. 12192–12199, 2020.
- [46] X. Li et al., “Synergistic effect of efficient adsorption g-C3N4/ZnO composite for photocatalytic property,” Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, vol. 75, no. 3, pp. 441–446, 2014.