A study on drought stress tolerance in some maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 3, 509 - 519, 30.11.2016

Ali Doğru Nesrin Ecem Bayram

https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.25673

Cited By: 6

Öz

In this study, some morphological and physiological parameters of three maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars, cv. FR13, FRB73 and TTM815, were analysed to investigate their tolerance to drought stress. Twenty-one-day old plants were subjected to three different regime of drought stress by withholding Hoagland’s nutrient solution for 2 (mild drought stress), 5 (moderate drought stress), and 8 (severe drought stress) days. Root growth in cultivars FR13 and TTM815 was significantly inhibited by moderate and severe drought stress while shoot growth in all maize cultivars was not affected under all drought treatments. Our results showed that inhibited root growth under mild and severe drought conditions was responsible for decreased total plant lenght in all cultivars although FRB73 was less affected. Fresh and dry biomass increased in all cultivars under all drought treatments, however it was more significant in FRB73. These results may indicate that water relations in FRB73 can be regulated more properly under drought stress, as indicated by relatively constant water content. “Chlorophyll a” content in FR13 and TTM815 was decreased at the end of the treatments while it was not affected in FRB73 by drought stress. “Chlorophyll b” content in FR13 and FRB73, on the other hand, was less affected by drought treatments. Malondialdehyde accumulation in all cultivars increased considerably as a result of all drought treatments, however to a less extent in FRB73. Total phenolic contents in all cultivars were increased especially by moderate and severe drought stress. Total soluble sugar contents in FR13 and TTM815 were decreased significantly by mild and severe drought stress while it remained constant in FRB73 under all drought treatments. According to our results, it may be concluded that FRB73 is more drought tolerant maize cultivar because of the ability of maintaining root and shoot growth, accumulation of phenolics, fresh and dry biomass, relatively less affected water, photosynthetic pigment (chlorophyll a and b) and sugar content and lower level of malondialdehyde under drought stress when compared to FR13 and TTM815.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Drought stress, maize, phenolics, soluble sugar, Zea mays L.

Bazı mısır (Zea mays L.) kültivarlarında kuraklık stresi toleransı üzerine bir çalışma

Öz

Bu çalışmada üç mısır (Zea mays L.) kültivarının (FR13, FRB73, TTM815) kuraklık stresine toleranslarının araştırılması amacıyla bazı morfolojik ve fizyolojik parametreler analiz edilmiştir. Yirmi bir günlük bitkilere, Hoagland besin çözeltisi uygulaması sonlandırılarak 2 (hafif kuraklık stresi), 5 (orta dereceli kuraklık stresi) ve 8 (şiddetli kuraklık stresi) gün olmak üzere üç farklı kuraklık rejimi uygulanmıştır. FR13 ve TTM815 kültivarlarında orta dereceli ve şiddetli kuraklık stresi kök büyümesini önemli derecede inhibe ederken, gövde büyümesi mısır kültivarlarında tüm kuraklık uygulamalarından etkilenmemiştir. Elde ettiğimiz sonuçlar mısır kültivarlarında hafif ve orta dereceli kuraklık stresi koşullarında toplam bitki boyundaki azalmanın, kök büyümesindeki inhibisyondan kaynaklandığını ancak FRB73’ün daha az etkilendiğini göstermiştir. Tüm kültivarlarda kuraklık uygulamaları taze ve kuru biyomasın artmasına neden olmuş fakat FRB73’de daha belirgin bir artış meydana gelmiştir. Bu sonuçlar kuraklık koşulları altında nispeten daha stabil su miktarına sahip olduğu için FRB73’deki su ilişkilerinin daha uygun şekilde regüle edildiğini göstermektedir. FR13 ve TTM815’de “klorofil a” miktarı uygulamalar sonunda azalırken, FRB73’de kuraklık stresinden etkilenmemiştir. Diğer yandan FR13 ve FRB73’de “klorofil b” içeriği kuraklık uygulamalarından daha az etkilenmiştir. Kuraklık uygulamaları sonucunda tüm kültivarlardaki malondialdehit birikimi önemli derecede artmış ancak FRB73’de daha az birikim belirlenmiştir. Toplam fenolik madde içeriği tüm kültivarlarda özellikle orta dereceli ve şiddetli kuraklık sonucunda artmıştır. FR13 ve TTM815’de toplam çözünür şeker miktarı orta dereceli ve şiddetli kuraklık uygulamaları sonucu azalırken, FRB73’de değişmemiştir. Elde ettiğimiz sonuçlara göre FRB73’ün, FR13 ve TTM815 ile karşılaştırıldığında, kuraklık stresi altında kök ve gövde büyümesini sürdürme yeteneği, fenolik madde, taze ve kuru biyomas artışı, su, fotosentetik pigment (klorofil a ve b) ve şeker miktarının daha az etkilenmesi ve malondialdehit birikiminin daha az olması nedeniyle kuraklığa daha toleranslı bir mısır kültivarı olduğu söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kuraklık stresi, mısır, fenolik madde, çözünür şeker, Zea mays L.

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