Enhanced Vaterite And Aragonite Crystallization At Controlled Ethylene Glycol Concentrations

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 129 - 138, 01.04.2019

Batur Ercan , Çağatay Mert Oral , Derya Kapusuz

https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.433985

Cited By: 6

Öz

Calcium
carbonate (CaCO₃) has three distinct anhydrous polymorphs, namely
vaterite, aragonite and calcite. Although there is a high demand for aragonite
and vaterite polymorphs for biomedical use, their unstable nature makes it
challenging to synthesize them compared to calcite, which is the most stable
form of CaCO₃. Despite the remarkable effort on stabilizing vaterite
and aragonite polymorphs in aqueous solutions, phase-pure vaterite and
aragonite polymorphs have not been synthesized yet, without referring to the
use of additives, surfactants or elevated temperatures. Herein, the effect of
ethylene glycol (EG) concentration and temperature on the formation of vaterite
and aragonite particles were investigated at 25 °C and 70 °C. Results showed
that 60% EG containing precursor solution -without any other additive- can
prevent vaterite/aragonite-to-calcite transformation regardless of the
synthesis temperature. Furthermore, the size of CaCO₃ particles
decreased as EG concentration increased and it reached its minimum average
values at 80% EG. The results of this study revealed the potential use of the
proposed synthesis route to stabilize vaterite and aragonite polymorphs, tailor
their content, morphology and size without using any additives, surfactants and
elevated temperatures.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Vaterite, Aragonite, Ethylene Glycol, Biomaterials

Kaynakça

• M. Ni and B. D. Ratner, “Differentiating calcium carbonate polymorphs by surface analysis techniques - An XPS and TOF-SIMS study,” Surf. Interface Anal., vol. 40, no. 10, pp. 1356–1361, 2008.
• T. Schüler and W. Tremel, “Versatile wet-chemical synthesis of non-agglomerated CaCO3 vaterite nanoparticles,” Chem. Commun., vol. 47, no. 18, pp. 5208–5210, 2011.
• A. C. Tas, “Aragonite coating solutions (ACS) based on artificial seawater,” Appl. Surf. Sci., vol. 330, pp. 262–269, 2015.
• J. R. Lakkakula, R. Kurapati, I. Tynga, H. Abrahamse, A. M. Raichur, and R. W. Maçedo Krause, “Cyclodextrin grafted calcium carbonate vaterite particles: efficient system for tailored release of hydrophobic anticancer or hormone drugs,” RSC Adv., vol. 6, no. 106, pp. 104537–104548, 2016.
• K. Sariibrahimoglu, S. C. G. Leeuwenburgh, J. G. C. Wolke, L. Yubao, and J. A. Jansen, “Effect of calcium carbonate on hardening, physicochemical properties, and in vitro degradation of injectable calcium phosphate cements,” J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A, vol. 100A, no. 3, pp. 712–719, 2012.
• D. B. Trushina, T. V Bukreeva, M. V Kovalchuk, and M. N. Antipina, “CaCO3 vaterite microparticles for biomedical and personal care applications,” Mater. Sci. Eng. C, vol. 45, pp. 644–658, 2014.
• Y. Boyjoo, V. K. Pareek, and J. Liu, “Synthesis of micro and nano-sized calcium carbonate particles and their applications,” J. Mater. Chem. A, vol. 2, no. 35, pp. 14270–14288, 2014.
• S. Maleki Dizaj, M. Barzegar-Jalali, M. H. Zarrintan, K. Adibkia, and F. Lotfipour, “Calcium carbonate nanoparticles as cancer drug delivery system,” Expert Opin. Drug Deliv., vol. 12, no. 10, pp. 1649–1660, 2015.
• A. Wang, Y. Yang, X. Zhang, X. Liu, W. Cui, and J. Li, “Gelatin-Assisted Synthesis of Vaterite Nanoparticles with Higher Surface Area and Porosity as Anticancer Drug Containers in Vitro,” Chempluschem, vol. 81, no. 2, pp. 194–201, 2016.
• N. Qiu et al., “Calcium carbonate microspheres as carriers for the anticancer drug camptothecin,” Mater. Sci. Eng. C, vol. 32, no. 8, pp. 2634–2640, 2012.
• A. Shafiu Kamba, M. Ismail, T. A. Tengku Ibrahim, and Z. A. B. Zakaria, “A pH-sensitive, biobased calcium carbonate aragonite nanocrystal as a novel anticancer delivery system,” Biomed Res. Int., vol. 2013, 2013.
• L. Saidykhan, M. Z. B. A. Bakar, Y. Rukayadi, A. U. Kura, and S. Y. Latifah, “Development of nanoantibiotic delivery system using cockle shell-derived aragonite nanoparticles for treatment of osteomyelitis,” Int. J. Nanomedicine, vol. 11, pp. 661–673, 2016.
• Y. Wang, Y. X. Moo, C. Chen, P. Gunawan, and R. Xu, “Fast precipitation of uniform CaCO3 nanospheres and their transformation to hollow hydroxyapatite nanospheres,” J. Colloid Interface Sci., vol. 352, no. 2, pp. 393–400, 2010.
• A. Sarkar and S. Mahapatra, “Synthesis of All Crystalline Phases of Anhydrous Calcium Carbonate,” Cryst. Growth Des., vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 2129–2135, 2010.
• I. Udrea et al., “Vaterite synthesis via gas-liquid route under controlled pH conditions,” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., vol. 51, no. 24, pp. 8185–8193, 2012.
• Z. Chen and Z. Nan, “Controlling the polymorph and morphology of CaCO3 crystals using surfactant mixtures,” J. Colloid Interface Sci., vol. 358, no. 2, pp. 416–422, 2011.
• G. Yan, L. Wang, and J. Huang, “The crystallization behavior of calcium carbonate in ethanol / water solution containing mixed nonionic / anionic surfactants,” Powder Technol., vol. 192, no. 1, pp. 58–64, 2009.
• J. Chen and L. Xiang, “Controllable synthesis of calcium carbonate polymorphs at different temperatures,” Powder Technol., vol. 189, no. 1, pp. 64–69, 2009.
• R.-J. Qi and Y.-J. Zhu, “Microwave-assisted synthesis of calcium carbonate (vaterite) of various morphologies in water-ethylene glycol mixed solvents.,” J. Phys. Chem. B, vol. 110, no. 16, pp. 8302–8306, 2006.
• D. B. Trushina, T. V. Bukreeva, and M. N. Antipina, “Size-Controlled Synthesis of Vaterite Calcium Carbonate by the Mixing Method: Aiming for Nanosized Particles,” Cryst. Growth Des., vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 1311–1319, 2016.
• F. Chen, Y.-J. Zhu, K.-W. Wang, and K.-L. Zhao, “Surfactant-free solvothermal synthesis of hydroxyapatite nanowire/nanotube ordered arrays with biomimetic structures,” CrystEngComm, vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 1858–1863, 2011.
• H. Cölfen and M. Antonietti, “Crystal Design of Calcium Carbonate Microparticles Using Double-Hydrophilic Block Copolymers,” Langmuir, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 582–589, 1998.
• E. M. Flaten, M. Seiersten, and J. P. Andreassen, “Induction time studies of calcium carbonate in ethylene glycol and water,” Chem. Eng. Res. Des., vol. 88, no. 12, pp. 1659–1668, 2010.
• B. H. Toby and R. B. Von Dreele, “GSAS-II: The genesis of a modern open-source all purpose crystallography software package,” J. Appl. Crystallogr., vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 544–549, 2013.
• J. A. Juhasz-Bortuzzo, B. Myszka, R. Silva, and A. R. Boccaccini, “Sonosynthesis of Vaterite-Type Calcium Carbonate,” Cryst. Growth Des., vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 2351–2356, 2017.
• G.-T. Zhou, Q.-Z. Yao, S.-Q. Fu, and Y.-B. Guan, “Controlled crystallization of unstable vaterite with distinct morphologies and their polymorphic transition to stable calcite,” Eur. J. Mineral., vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 259–269, 2010.
• R. M. Santos, P. Ceulemans, and T. Van Gerven, “Synthesis of pure aragonite by sonochemical mineral carbonation,” Chem. Eng. Res. Des., vol. 90, no. 6, pp. 715–725, 2012.
• E. M. Flaten, M. Seiersten, and J. P. Andreassen, “Polymorphism and morphology of calcium carbonate precipitated in mixed solvents of ethylene glycol and water,” J. Cryst. Growth, vol. 311, no. 13, pp. 3533–3538, 2009.
• Q. Li, Y. Ding, F. Li, B. Xie, and Y. Qian, “Solvothermal growth of vaterite in the presence of ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol and glycerin,” J. Cryst. Growth, vol. 236, no. 1–3, pp. 357–362, 2002.
• Y. Chen, X. Ji, and X. Wang, “Microwave-assisted synthesis of spheroidal vaterite CaCO3in ethylene glycol-water mixed solvents without surfactants,” J. Cryst. Growth, vol. 312, no. 21, pp. 3191–3197, 2010.
• R. Ševčík, M. Pérez-Estébanez, A. Viani, P. Šašek, and P. Mácová, “Characterization of vaterite synthesized at various temperatures and stirring velocities without use of additives,” Powder Technol., vol. 284, pp. 265–271, 2015.
• D. Chakrabarty and S. Mahapatra, “Aragonite crystals with unconventional morphologies,” J. Mater. Chem., vol. 9, no. 11, pp. 2953–2957, 1999.
• Y. I. Svenskaya et al., “Key Parameters for Size- and Shape-Controlled Synthesis of Vaterite Particles,” Cryst. Growth Des., vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 331–337, 2018.
• J. Andreassen, “Formation mechanism and morphology in precipitation of vaterite — nano-aggregation or crystal growth ?,” J. Cryst. Growth, vol. 274, pp. 256–264, 2005.
• B. V. Parakhonskiy, A. Haase, and R. Antolini, “Sub-micrometer vaterite containers: Synthesis, substance loading, and release,” Angew. Chemie - Int. Ed., vol. 51, no. 5, pp. 1195–1197, 2012.
• R. Beck and J. P. Andreassen, “The onset of spherulitic growth in crystallization of calcium carbonate,” J. Cryst. Growth, vol. 312, no. 15, pp. 2226–2238, 2010.