Artificial reef application from the Iskenderun Bay, Northeastern Mediterranean, Turkey; an experimental study

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 1, 49 - 54, 01.02.2020

Sefa Ayhan Demirhan , Arif Alkan , Emrah Şimşek

https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.527933

Cited By: 6

Öz

The aim of this study is to analyze the changes
of economic fish species in the in İskenderun Bay by providing life and
conservation area for fish species. Therefore,            the study was carried out by building 172
artificial reefs (150 cubic and 22 octagonal) in September 2013, on the
southern coastline of the Iskenderun Bay 7-8 m in depths far from the 300 m
shore, located in the Eastern Mediterranean. The visual census technique was
used to determine fish species and abundance. Observations were made with four
scuba dives between January 2014 and October 2014. As a result of this
observations, 121 individuals belonging to 7 fish species were detected. The
maximum number of individuals (32) in the sample were Mugil sp. it belongs to species. The minimum number of individuals
of observed species were Lichia amia
(1) and Epinephelus aeneus (1).
Furthermore, it was observed that mollusk varieties and some algae species were
located.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Artificial Reef, Iskenderun Bay, Northeastern Mediterranean, Visual Census Technique

Kaynakça

• A. Lök, C. Metin, A. Ulas¸, F. O. Duzbastılar and A. Tokaç, “Artificial reefs in Turkey,” ICES Journal of Marine Science, vol. 59, pp. S192–S195, 2002.
• A. Demirci, N. Uygur, E. Şimşek, M. Şereflişan and Y. Mazlum, “Natural Reefs and Ghost Nets in Iskenderun Bay,” In: Underwater Science and Technology Conference (SBT 2013), 2-3 November, Hatay, pp. 27-33, 2013.
• S. Tunca, B. Miran and V. Ünal, “Benefits of artificial reefs in Altınoluk (Northern Aegean), Turkey: Assessment of potential users' opinions via fuzzy pair wise comparison approach,” Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 99-104, 2013.
• A. Lök, F. O. Düzbastılar, B. Gül, A. Özgül and A. Ulaş, “The role of artificial reefs in fisheries management in Turkey,” In: S. A. Bortone, F.P. Brandini, G. Fabi and S. Otake (Eds.), Artificial Reefs in Fisheries Management USA: CRC Press, Chap. 10, pp. 155-166, 2011.
• G. Gökçe, “Design, deployment and fish assemblages of artificial reefs in Iskenderun Bay, Turkey: initial experiences,” Journal of Applied Ichthyology, vol. 31, no. Suppl. 3, pp. 35-40, 2015.
• F. O. Düzbastılar, A. Lök, A. Ulaş and C. Metin, “Recent developments on artificial reef applications in Turkey: Hydraulic experiments,” Bulletin of Marine Science, vol. 78 no. 1, pp. 195-202, 2006.
• M. Ulugöl, and F. O. Düzbastılar, “A case study for preventing illegal trawl fishery: The application of anti-trawl artificial reef and design criteria,” Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 27-34, 2016.
• M. F. Can and A. Demirci, “Fisheries Management in Turkey,” International Journal of Aquaculture, vol. 2, no. 7, pp. 39-47, 2012.
• E. Şimşek and A. Demirci, Barotrauma “Treatment Effects on Survival Rates for Some Discarded Fish by Trawl Fishery,” Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, vol. 27, no. 7, pp. 4867-4873, 2018.
• A. Alkan, “Artificial reef on the southern coast of the gulf of Iskenderun,” Mustafa Kemal University, Institute of Science, Master of Science Thesis, pp. 26, 2014.
• A. Lök, “Evaluation of fish fauna associated with experimental artificial reefs in Hekim Island in Izmir Bay (Aegean Sea, Turkey),” Aegean University, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Master of Science Thesis, pp. 54, 1995.
• A. Lök and A. Tokaç, “Turkey: A New Region for Artificial Habitats,” In: Jensen A.C., Collins K.J., Lockwood A.P.M. (eds) Artificial Reefs in European Seas, Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 21–30, 2000.
• A. Tokaç, V. Ünal, Z. Tosunoğlu, A. Lök, T. Ceyhan and H. Özbilgin, “Summary and analysis of the available information for the ecosystem approach to fisheries management in Turkey,” In: Lleonart J., Maynou F. (eds), The Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries in the Mediterranean and Black Seas. Sci. Mar. 78S1, pp. 29-36, 2014.
• S. Tunca, B. Miran and V. Ünal, “Perception and demand for artificial reef by relevant local groups in Altınoluk (Turkey),” Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 5-10, 2014.
• A. Özgül, A. Lök, T. T. Tanrıkul and J. Alós, “Home range and residency of Scorpaena porcus and Scorpaena scrofa in artificial reefs revealed by fine-scale acoustic tracking,” Fisheries Research, vol. 210, no. 22-30, 2019.
• J. A. Bohnsack and D. L. Sutherland, “Artificial reef research: a review with recommendation for future priorities,” Bulletin of Marine Science, vol. 37, pp. 11-39, 1985.
• A. Özgül, A. Lök and F. O. Düzbastılar, “Two experimental fish aggregating systems (fads) in the Aegean Sea: their design and application,” Brazilian Journal of Oceanography, vol. 59, pp. 13-19, 2011.
• Jr. W. Seaman and L. M. Sprague, “Artificial habitats for marine and freshwater fisheries,” Academic Press, pp. 285, 1991.
• W. Seaman and A. C. Jensen, “Purposes and practices of artificial reef evaluation,” In: Artificial reef evaluation with application to natural marine habitats. W. Seaman, Jr(Ed.). CRC Press, NJ. pp. 1-19, 2000.
• A. Alkan, S. A. Demirhan and E. Şimşek, “Artificial Reef Observations on the Southern Coastline of the Iskenderun Bay,” International Advanced Researches & Engineering Congress Proceeding Book, pp. 2230, 2017.
• M. F., Can, A. Demirci and S. Demirci, “Fisheries in Iskenderun Bay,” Report of the ICES-FAO Working Group on Fishing Technology and Fish Behaviour (WGFTFB), pp. 50, 2006
• D. Ergüden and C. Turan, “Recent Developments in Alien Fish Fauna of the Gulf of Iskenderun and Mersin,” Biyoloji Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 17-22, 2013.
• S. Gezmen, E. Şimşek and A. Demirci, “Evaluation of Dynamics of Fish Retail Trade in Iskenderun,” Journal of Aquaculture Engineering and Fisheries Research, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 33-44, 2015.
• S. Demirci and E. Arslantaş, “Economic potential and environmental effects of recreational fishing activity in coast of Iskenderun Bay,” Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, vol. 27, no. 12A, pp. 9352-9356, 2018.
• A. Demirci, E. Şimşek, S. Demirci, Ö. Akar and O. Bayraktar, “Recreational Fishing Competitions in Turkey,” International Ecology 2018 Symposium Abstract Book, pp. 505. 2018.
• Y. Mazlum, A. Demirci, E. Şimşek, N. Uygur, M. Şereflişan and O. A. Ayan “Farklı Derinliklerde Zemin ve Habitatların Balıkçı Ağlarından Arındırılması,” Hatay’ın Çevre Sorunları ve Çözüm Önerileri Sempozyumu Bildiri Özetleri Kitabı pp. 46, 2015.
• G. Gökçe and M. Çekiç, “Artificial reef application for fishing in northern Mediterranean Sea,” In: 13. Underwater Science and Technology Conference, 7-8 November, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, pp. 93-97, 2009.
• F. O. Düzbastılar and A. Lök, “Primary materials in construction of artificial reefs,” Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, vol. 21, no. 1-2, pp. 181-185, 2004.
• R. R. Lukens, “Guidelines for marine artificial reef materials. Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission, Number 38, Ronald R. Lukens (Project Coordinator), January, pp. 118, 1997.
• S. A. Bortone, M. A. Samoilys and P. Francour, “Fish and macroinvertebrate evaluation,” In: Artificial reef evaluation with application to natural marine habitats. W. Seaman (Ed.) CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, pp. 127–164, 2000.
• A. Ulaş, F. O. Düzbastılar, A. Lök and C. Metin, “A pre-study for determining of efficiency of fish sampling methods on artificial reefs,” Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, vol. 24, no. 3-4, pp. 287-293, 2007.
• A. Lök and B. Gül, “Evaluation of fish fauna associated with experimental artificial reefs in Hekim Island in Izmir Bay (Aegean Sea, Turkey),” Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, vol. 22, no. 1-2, pp. 109-114, 2005.
• E. Şimşek and A. Demirci, “Analysis of Factors Affecting Life Fate of Groupers after Fishing Operations,” Natural and Engineering Sciences, vol. 1, no., 3, 40, 2016.
• A. Ulaş, A. Lök, F. O. Düzbastılar, A. Özgül and C. Metin, “A new artificial reef design for octopus (Octopus vulgaris cuvier, 1797) in the Aegean Sea and preliminary results,” Brazilian Journal of Oceanography, vol.59, no. SPE1, pp. 21-25, 2011.