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Basic Larval Structural Composition of Thaumetopoea Pityocampa (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (Lepidoptera:Notodontidae ) During Feeding Inhibition Due to Some Natural Chemicals

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 349 - 360, 30.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.1145615

Öz

Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (Lepidoptera:Notodontidae ) is the most important defoliating insect for several pine species and cedars. In this study, body nutrient composition of T. pityocampa larvae were analyzed under feeding inhibition caused by natural chemical agents. In no-choice assays, larvae were fed ponderosa pine needles treated with oleic acid and chlorogenic acid solutions, respectively, at each of four concentrations, 0%, 25%, 50% and 75%. The neetles were as given to separate test groups. At the end of feeding experiments, antifeedant index (AFI) was calculated for each solutions with different concentrations. Then, rates of protein, lipid, glycogen and water of larvae were calculated for control and test groups. It was determined that there had been a strong relation between concentrations of solution and AFI values regarding oleic acid (r= 0.998, P < 0.05). However, there was no significant relationship between concentrations of solution and AFI values regarding chlorogenic acid (r= 0.663, P > 0.5). The most remarkable finding was a sharp decline in the level of larval glycogen during starvation period in accordance with rising concentrations of both oleic and chlorogenic acid in its food. The glycogen level of the larvae was also affected by both chemical applications

Destekleyen Kurum

Gazi University

Proje Numarası

1. 04/2016-10

Teşekkür

We would like to thank to Ömer Saylar for his assistance at field studies. This study was presented as an oral presentation at the ISBR 2020 2nd International Symposium on Biodiversity Research, Rize, TURKEY, and it was published as a summary abstract in the proceedings book.

Kaynakça

  • [1] A. Kaplan, “Phytochemical Screening of Bioactive Components of Medicinal Plant Ajuga chamaepitys subsp. laevigata (Banks & Sol.) P.H.Davis and Ajuga bombycina Boiss.by GC-MS Analysis”, Sakarya University Journal of Science 24(5), pp. 1053-1064, 2020.
  • [2] K. D. Klepzig, F. Schlyter, “Laboratory evaluation of plant derived antifeedants against the pine weevil Hylobius abietis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)”, Journal of Economic Entomology, vol. 92, pp. 644-650, 1999.
  • [3] D. A. Wheeler, M. B. Isman, “Antifeedant and toxic activity of Trichilia americana extract against the larvae of Spodoptera litura”, Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, vol. 98, pp. 9 –16, 2001.
  • [4] O. Koul, “Phytochemicals and Insect Control: An Antifeedant Approach”, Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, vol. 27, pp. 1-24, 2008.
  • [5] M. Breuer, G. H. Schmidt, “Influence of a short period treatment with Melia azedarach extract on food intake and growth of the larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lep., Noctuidae)”, Journal of Plant Disease and Protection, vol. 102, number 8, pp. 633 – 654, 2014.
  • [6] S. Arivoli, S. Tennyson, “Antifeedant activity, developmental indices and morphogenetic variations of plant extracts against Spodoptera litura (Fab) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)”, Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 87-96, 2013.
  • [7] A. Prakash, J. Rao, “Botanical pesticides in agriculture”, CRC Press Inc, USA, 46, 1997.
  • [8] Z. S. Zhang, X. G. Lu, Q. C., Wang, D. M. Zheng, “Mercury, cadmium and lead biogeochemistry in the soil plant-insect in Hulado City”, Bulletin Environmental Contamination Toxicology, vol. 83, pp. 255-259, 2009.
  • [9] E. N. Matu, “Solanum incanum L. PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa)” Wageningen Netherlands, Protabase, 2008.
  • [10] N. Mallikarjuna, K. R. Kranthi, D. R. Jadhav, S. Kranthi, S. Chandra S, “Influence of foliar chemical compounds on the development of Spodoptera litura (Fab.) in interspecific derivatives of groundnut”, Journal of Applied Entomology, vol. 128, no. 5, pp. 321-328, 2004.
  • [11] A. R., Jassbi, “Secondary metabolites as stimulants and antifeedants of Salix integra for the leaf beetle Plagiodera versicolora. Verlag der Zeitschrift für Naturforschung, vol. 58, pp. 573-9, 2003.
  • [12] P. F. Dowd, F. E. Vega, “Enzymatic oxidation products of allelochemicals as a basis for resistance against insects: effects on the corn leafhopper Dalbulus maidis”. Natural Toxins, vol. 4, pp. 85-91, 1996.
  • [13] P. W. Miles, J. J. Oertli, “The significance of antioxidants in the aphid-plant interaction: the redox hypothesis”. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, vol. 67, pp. 275-83, 1993.
  • [14] C. D. Rollo, E. Czvzewska, J. H. Borden, “Fatty acid necromones for cockroaches”. Naturwissenschaften, vol. 81, number 9, pp. 409-410, 1994.
  • [15] C. D. Rollo, J. H. Borden, I. B. Casey, “Endogenously produced repellent from American cockroach (Blattaria: Blattidae): Function in death recognition”. Environmental Entomology, vol. 24, number 1, pp. 116-124, 1995.
  • [16] M. Yao, J. Rosenfeld, S. Attridge, S. Sidhu, V. Aksenov, C. D. Rollo, “The ancient chemistry of avoiding risks of predation and disease.” Evolutionary Biology, vol. 36, pp. 267- 281, 2009.
  • [17] R. S. Ramsewac, M. G. Nair, S. Murugesan, W. J. Mattson, J. Zasada, “Insecticidal fatty acids and triglycerides from Dirca palustris”. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, vol. 49, pp. 5852-5856, 2001.
  • [18] J. A. Hodar, R. Zamora, “Herbivory and climatic warming: a Mediterranean outbreaking caterpillar attacks a relict, boreal pine species”. Biodiversity & Conservation, vol. 13, pp. 493–500, 2004.
  • [19] P. A. Arnaldo, L. M. Torres, “Spatial distribution and sampling of Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Den.&Schiff) (Lep. Thaumetopoeidea) populations on Pinus pinaster Ait. in Montesinho N. Portugal”. Forest Ecology and Management, vol. 210, pp. 1–7, 2005.
  • [20] C. Pimentel, T. Calvao, M. Santos, C. Ferreira, M. Neves, J. A. Nilsson, “Establishment and expansion of a Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Den.& Schiff.) (Lep: Notodontidae) population with a shifted life cycle in a production pine forest, Central-Coastal Portugal. Forest Ecology and Management, vol. 233, pp. 108–115, 2006.
  • [21] C. Kerdelhué, L. Zane, M. Simonato, P. Salvato, J. Rousselet, A. Roques, A. Battisti, “Quaternary history and contemporary patterns in a currently expanding species”. BMC Ecology and Evolution, vol. 9, number 1 pp. 1-14, 2009.
  • [22] A. Durkaya, B. Durkaya, I. Dal, The effects of the pine processionary moth on the increment of crimean pine trees in Bartın, Turkey. African Journal of Biotechnology, vol. 8, number 10, pp. 2356-2361, 2009.
  • [23] M. Kanat, H. Alma, F. Sivrikaya , “Effect of defoliation by Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Den. & Schiff.) (Lepidoptera: Thaumetopoeidae) on annual diameter increment of Pinus brutia Ten. in Turkey. Annals of Forest Science, vol. 62, pp. 91-94, 2005.
  • [24] H. S. Canbay, S. Öğüt, “Organik ve organik olmayan elmalar ile çiftçilerde pestisit kalıntıları ve toplam antioksidan kapasiteleri”, Sakarya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 21 (6), 1558~1565, 2017.
  • [25] C. C. Daiber, “A study of the biology of the false codling moth Cryptophlebia leucotreta (Meyr.): The larva”. Phytophylactica 11: 141-144, 1979.
  • [26] A. C. Lewis, H. F. Van Emden, “Assays for insect feeding, In: Insect–Plant Interactions (J. R. Miller and T. A. Miller eds.), Springer Verlag, New York, pp. 95–119, 1986.
  • [27] J. H. Roe, J. M. Bailey, R. R. Gray, J. N. Robinson, “Complete removal of glycogen from tissues by extraction with cold trichloroacetic acid solution”. Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 236, pp. 1244-1246, 1961.
  • [28] N. V. Carroll, R. W. Longley, J. H. Roe, “The determination of glycogen in liver and muscle by use of anthrone reagent”. Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 220, pp. 583–93, 1956.
  • [29] D. T. Plummer, “An introduction of practical biochemistry”. McGraw-Hill Book Companies, London, United Kingdom, 1971.
  • [30] O. H. Lowry, N. J. Rosebrough, A. L. Farr, R. J. Randall, “Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent”. Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 193, number 1, pp. 265–275, 1951.
  • [31] J. Folch, M. Lees, G. H. Sloane Stanley, “A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues”. Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 226, pp. 497–509, 1957.
  • [32] L. A. Hummelbrunner, M. B. Isman, “Acute, sublethal, antifeedant and synergestic effects of monoterpenoid essential oil compounds on the tobacco cutworm Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctudiae)”. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, vol. 49, pp. 715-720, 2001.
  • [33] K. Matsuda, S. Senbo , “Chlorogenic acid as a feeding deterrent for Salicaceae-feeding leaf beetles Lochmaeae caprae cribrata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and other species of leaf beetles”. Applied Entomology and Zoology (Japan), vol. 21, pp. 411-416, 1986.
  • [34] J. A. A. Renwick, X. P. Huang, “Rejection of host plant by larvae of cabbage butterfly: diet-dependent sensitivity to an antifeedant”. Journal of Chemical Ecology, vol. 21, pp. 465–475, 1975.
  • [35] A. F. Fulcher, T. G. Ranney, J. D. Burton, J. F. Walgenbach, D. A. Danehower, “Role of foliar phenolics in host plant resistance of Malus taxa to adult Japanese beetles”. Hortical Science, vol. 33, number 5, pp. 862-865, 1998
  • [36] A. Ikonen, J. Tahvanainen, H. Roininen, Chlorogenic acid as an antiherbivore defence of willows against leaf beetles”. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, vol. 99, pp. 47–54, 2001.
  • [37] D. S. Zhou, C. Z. Wang, J. J. A. van Loon, “Chemosensory basis of behavioural plasticity in response to deterrent plant chemicals in the larva of the small cabbage white butterfly Pieris rapae”. Journal of Insect Physiology, vol. 55, number 9, pp. 788-792, 2009.
  • [38] J. B. Harborne, Introduction to Ecological Biochemistry. Academic Press. 3rd Edt., 1982.
  • [39] O. Cakmak, M. Bashan, H. Bolu, “The fatty acid compositions of predator Piecoris luridus (Heteroptera: Lygaidea) and its host Monosteria unicostata (Heteroptera: Tingidae) reared on almond”. Insect Science, vol. 14, pp. 461-466, 2007.
  • [40] V. A. Bennett, N. L. Pruitt, Jr. R. E. Lee, “Seasonal changes in fatty acid composition associated with cold-hardening in third instar larvae of Eurosta solidaginis”. Journal of Comparative Physiology B, vol. 167, number 4, pp. 249-255, 1997.
  • [41] M. Bashan, O. Cakmak, “Changes in phosholipid and triacylglycerol fatty acids prepared from prediapausing and diapausing individuals of Dolycoris baccarum and Piezodorus lituratus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Annals of Entomological Society of America, vol. 98, number 4, pp. 575-579, 2005.
  • [42] E. F. Topkara, “Effects of Selected Plant Secondary Metabolites in Mulberry, Apple, Plum, and Walnut on the Pupal Parameters of Hyphantria cunea Drury, 1773 (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) Larvae Infected by Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki”. Journal of Entomological Research Society, vol. 24, number 1, pp. 75-87, 2022.
  • [43] B. Mohammadzadeh Tamam, M. Ghadamyari, E. Shafiei Alavijeh, “Biological and biochemical effects of lufenuron on Xanthogaleruca luteola (Muller, 1766) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)”. Acta Agriculturae Slovenica, vol. 118, number 4, pp. 1–8, 2022.
  • [44] M. A. N. Akpinar, N. Akpinar, L. Gencer, S. Türkoğlu, “Fatty acid composition of Gryllus campestris L. (Orthoptera: Grillidae) during its various development stage”. Biologia (Bratislava), vol. 58, number 6,pp. 1053-1059, 2003.
  • [45] M. W. Lorenz MW, A. N. Anand, “Changes in the biochemical composition of fat body stores during adult development of female crickets, Gryllus bimaculatus”. Archiev of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, vol. 56, pp. 110-119, 2004.
  • [46] B. Firidin, “Pamuk yaprak kurdu Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvalarının gelişim evrelerinde protein, glikojen ve su oranındaki değişim”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 13, pp. 34-39, 2016.
  • [47] P. Feeny, “Plant apparency and chemical defense”. Recent Advances in Phytochemistry, vol. 10, pp. 1-40, 1976.
Yıl 2023, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 349 - 360, 30.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.1145615

Öz

Proje Numarası

1. 04/2016-10

Kaynakça

  • [1] A. Kaplan, “Phytochemical Screening of Bioactive Components of Medicinal Plant Ajuga chamaepitys subsp. laevigata (Banks & Sol.) P.H.Davis and Ajuga bombycina Boiss.by GC-MS Analysis”, Sakarya University Journal of Science 24(5), pp. 1053-1064, 2020.
  • [2] K. D. Klepzig, F. Schlyter, “Laboratory evaluation of plant derived antifeedants against the pine weevil Hylobius abietis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)”, Journal of Economic Entomology, vol. 92, pp. 644-650, 1999.
  • [3] D. A. Wheeler, M. B. Isman, “Antifeedant and toxic activity of Trichilia americana extract against the larvae of Spodoptera litura”, Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, vol. 98, pp. 9 –16, 2001.
  • [4] O. Koul, “Phytochemicals and Insect Control: An Antifeedant Approach”, Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, vol. 27, pp. 1-24, 2008.
  • [5] M. Breuer, G. H. Schmidt, “Influence of a short period treatment with Melia azedarach extract on food intake and growth of the larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lep., Noctuidae)”, Journal of Plant Disease and Protection, vol. 102, number 8, pp. 633 – 654, 2014.
  • [6] S. Arivoli, S. Tennyson, “Antifeedant activity, developmental indices and morphogenetic variations of plant extracts against Spodoptera litura (Fab) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)”, Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 87-96, 2013.
  • [7] A. Prakash, J. Rao, “Botanical pesticides in agriculture”, CRC Press Inc, USA, 46, 1997.
  • [8] Z. S. Zhang, X. G. Lu, Q. C., Wang, D. M. Zheng, “Mercury, cadmium and lead biogeochemistry in the soil plant-insect in Hulado City”, Bulletin Environmental Contamination Toxicology, vol. 83, pp. 255-259, 2009.
  • [9] E. N. Matu, “Solanum incanum L. PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa)” Wageningen Netherlands, Protabase, 2008.
  • [10] N. Mallikarjuna, K. R. Kranthi, D. R. Jadhav, S. Kranthi, S. Chandra S, “Influence of foliar chemical compounds on the development of Spodoptera litura (Fab.) in interspecific derivatives of groundnut”, Journal of Applied Entomology, vol. 128, no. 5, pp. 321-328, 2004.
  • [11] A. R., Jassbi, “Secondary metabolites as stimulants and antifeedants of Salix integra for the leaf beetle Plagiodera versicolora. Verlag der Zeitschrift für Naturforschung, vol. 58, pp. 573-9, 2003.
  • [12] P. F. Dowd, F. E. Vega, “Enzymatic oxidation products of allelochemicals as a basis for resistance against insects: effects on the corn leafhopper Dalbulus maidis”. Natural Toxins, vol. 4, pp. 85-91, 1996.
  • [13] P. W. Miles, J. J. Oertli, “The significance of antioxidants in the aphid-plant interaction: the redox hypothesis”. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, vol. 67, pp. 275-83, 1993.
  • [14] C. D. Rollo, E. Czvzewska, J. H. Borden, “Fatty acid necromones for cockroaches”. Naturwissenschaften, vol. 81, number 9, pp. 409-410, 1994.
  • [15] C. D. Rollo, J. H. Borden, I. B. Casey, “Endogenously produced repellent from American cockroach (Blattaria: Blattidae): Function in death recognition”. Environmental Entomology, vol. 24, number 1, pp. 116-124, 1995.
  • [16] M. Yao, J. Rosenfeld, S. Attridge, S. Sidhu, V. Aksenov, C. D. Rollo, “The ancient chemistry of avoiding risks of predation and disease.” Evolutionary Biology, vol. 36, pp. 267- 281, 2009.
  • [17] R. S. Ramsewac, M. G. Nair, S. Murugesan, W. J. Mattson, J. Zasada, “Insecticidal fatty acids and triglycerides from Dirca palustris”. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, vol. 49, pp. 5852-5856, 2001.
  • [18] J. A. Hodar, R. Zamora, “Herbivory and climatic warming: a Mediterranean outbreaking caterpillar attacks a relict, boreal pine species”. Biodiversity & Conservation, vol. 13, pp. 493–500, 2004.
  • [19] P. A. Arnaldo, L. M. Torres, “Spatial distribution and sampling of Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Den.&Schiff) (Lep. Thaumetopoeidea) populations on Pinus pinaster Ait. in Montesinho N. Portugal”. Forest Ecology and Management, vol. 210, pp. 1–7, 2005.
  • [20] C. Pimentel, T. Calvao, M. Santos, C. Ferreira, M. Neves, J. A. Nilsson, “Establishment and expansion of a Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Den.& Schiff.) (Lep: Notodontidae) population with a shifted life cycle in a production pine forest, Central-Coastal Portugal. Forest Ecology and Management, vol. 233, pp. 108–115, 2006.
  • [21] C. Kerdelhué, L. Zane, M. Simonato, P. Salvato, J. Rousselet, A. Roques, A. Battisti, “Quaternary history and contemporary patterns in a currently expanding species”. BMC Ecology and Evolution, vol. 9, number 1 pp. 1-14, 2009.
  • [22] A. Durkaya, B. Durkaya, I. Dal, The effects of the pine processionary moth on the increment of crimean pine trees in Bartın, Turkey. African Journal of Biotechnology, vol. 8, number 10, pp. 2356-2361, 2009.
  • [23] M. Kanat, H. Alma, F. Sivrikaya , “Effect of defoliation by Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Den. & Schiff.) (Lepidoptera: Thaumetopoeidae) on annual diameter increment of Pinus brutia Ten. in Turkey. Annals of Forest Science, vol. 62, pp. 91-94, 2005.
  • [24] H. S. Canbay, S. Öğüt, “Organik ve organik olmayan elmalar ile çiftçilerde pestisit kalıntıları ve toplam antioksidan kapasiteleri”, Sakarya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 21 (6), 1558~1565, 2017.
  • [25] C. C. Daiber, “A study of the biology of the false codling moth Cryptophlebia leucotreta (Meyr.): The larva”. Phytophylactica 11: 141-144, 1979.
  • [26] A. C. Lewis, H. F. Van Emden, “Assays for insect feeding, In: Insect–Plant Interactions (J. R. Miller and T. A. Miller eds.), Springer Verlag, New York, pp. 95–119, 1986.
  • [27] J. H. Roe, J. M. Bailey, R. R. Gray, J. N. Robinson, “Complete removal of glycogen from tissues by extraction with cold trichloroacetic acid solution”. Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 236, pp. 1244-1246, 1961.
  • [28] N. V. Carroll, R. W. Longley, J. H. Roe, “The determination of glycogen in liver and muscle by use of anthrone reagent”. Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 220, pp. 583–93, 1956.
  • [29] D. T. Plummer, “An introduction of practical biochemistry”. McGraw-Hill Book Companies, London, United Kingdom, 1971.
  • [30] O. H. Lowry, N. J. Rosebrough, A. L. Farr, R. J. Randall, “Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent”. Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 193, number 1, pp. 265–275, 1951.
  • [31] J. Folch, M. Lees, G. H. Sloane Stanley, “A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues”. Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 226, pp. 497–509, 1957.
  • [32] L. A. Hummelbrunner, M. B. Isman, “Acute, sublethal, antifeedant and synergestic effects of monoterpenoid essential oil compounds on the tobacco cutworm Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctudiae)”. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, vol. 49, pp. 715-720, 2001.
  • [33] K. Matsuda, S. Senbo , “Chlorogenic acid as a feeding deterrent for Salicaceae-feeding leaf beetles Lochmaeae caprae cribrata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and other species of leaf beetles”. Applied Entomology and Zoology (Japan), vol. 21, pp. 411-416, 1986.
  • [34] J. A. A. Renwick, X. P. Huang, “Rejection of host plant by larvae of cabbage butterfly: diet-dependent sensitivity to an antifeedant”. Journal of Chemical Ecology, vol. 21, pp. 465–475, 1975.
  • [35] A. F. Fulcher, T. G. Ranney, J. D. Burton, J. F. Walgenbach, D. A. Danehower, “Role of foliar phenolics in host plant resistance of Malus taxa to adult Japanese beetles”. Hortical Science, vol. 33, number 5, pp. 862-865, 1998
  • [36] A. Ikonen, J. Tahvanainen, H. Roininen, Chlorogenic acid as an antiherbivore defence of willows against leaf beetles”. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, vol. 99, pp. 47–54, 2001.
  • [37] D. S. Zhou, C. Z. Wang, J. J. A. van Loon, “Chemosensory basis of behavioural plasticity in response to deterrent plant chemicals in the larva of the small cabbage white butterfly Pieris rapae”. Journal of Insect Physiology, vol. 55, number 9, pp. 788-792, 2009.
  • [38] J. B. Harborne, Introduction to Ecological Biochemistry. Academic Press. 3rd Edt., 1982.
  • [39] O. Cakmak, M. Bashan, H. Bolu, “The fatty acid compositions of predator Piecoris luridus (Heteroptera: Lygaidea) and its host Monosteria unicostata (Heteroptera: Tingidae) reared on almond”. Insect Science, vol. 14, pp. 461-466, 2007.
  • [40] V. A. Bennett, N. L. Pruitt, Jr. R. E. Lee, “Seasonal changes in fatty acid composition associated with cold-hardening in third instar larvae of Eurosta solidaginis”. Journal of Comparative Physiology B, vol. 167, number 4, pp. 249-255, 1997.
  • [41] M. Bashan, O. Cakmak, “Changes in phosholipid and triacylglycerol fatty acids prepared from prediapausing and diapausing individuals of Dolycoris baccarum and Piezodorus lituratus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Annals of Entomological Society of America, vol. 98, number 4, pp. 575-579, 2005.
  • [42] E. F. Topkara, “Effects of Selected Plant Secondary Metabolites in Mulberry, Apple, Plum, and Walnut on the Pupal Parameters of Hyphantria cunea Drury, 1773 (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) Larvae Infected by Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki”. Journal of Entomological Research Society, vol. 24, number 1, pp. 75-87, 2022.
  • [43] B. Mohammadzadeh Tamam, M. Ghadamyari, E. Shafiei Alavijeh, “Biological and biochemical effects of lufenuron on Xanthogaleruca luteola (Muller, 1766) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)”. Acta Agriculturae Slovenica, vol. 118, number 4, pp. 1–8, 2022.
  • [44] M. A. N. Akpinar, N. Akpinar, L. Gencer, S. Türkoğlu, “Fatty acid composition of Gryllus campestris L. (Orthoptera: Grillidae) during its various development stage”. Biologia (Bratislava), vol. 58, number 6,pp. 1053-1059, 2003.
  • [45] M. W. Lorenz MW, A. N. Anand, “Changes in the biochemical composition of fat body stores during adult development of female crickets, Gryllus bimaculatus”. Archiev of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, vol. 56, pp. 110-119, 2004.
  • [46] B. Firidin, “Pamuk yaprak kurdu Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvalarının gelişim evrelerinde protein, glikojen ve su oranındaki değişim”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 13, pp. 34-39, 2016.
  • [47] P. Feeny, “Plant apparency and chemical defense”. Recent Advances in Phytochemistry, vol. 10, pp. 1-40, 1976.
Toplam 47 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Yapısal Biyoloji
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Beran Firidin 0000-0002-2103-6147

Nurver Altun 0000-0002-2657-9263

Proje Numarası 1. 04/2016-10
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 19 Temmuz 2022
Kabul Tarihi 29 Ocak 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Firidin, B., & Altun, N. (2023). Basic Larval Structural Composition of Thaumetopoea Pityocampa (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (Lepidoptera:Notodontidae ) During Feeding Inhibition Due to Some Natural Chemicals. Sakarya University Journal of Science, 27(2), 349-360. https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.1145615
AMA Firidin B, Altun N. Basic Larval Structural Composition of Thaumetopoea Pityocampa (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (Lepidoptera:Notodontidae ) During Feeding Inhibition Due to Some Natural Chemicals. SAUJS. Nisan 2023;27(2):349-360. doi:10.16984/saufenbilder.1145615
Chicago Firidin, Beran, ve Nurver Altun. “Basic Larval Structural Composition of Thaumetopoea Pityocampa (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (Lepidoptera:Notodontidae ) During Feeding Inhibition Due to Some Natural Chemicals”. Sakarya University Journal of Science 27, sy. 2 (Nisan 2023): 349-60. https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.1145615.
EndNote Firidin B, Altun N (01 Nisan 2023) Basic Larval Structural Composition of Thaumetopoea Pityocampa (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (Lepidoptera:Notodontidae ) During Feeding Inhibition Due to Some Natural Chemicals. Sakarya University Journal of Science 27 2 349–360.
IEEE B. Firidin ve N. Altun, “Basic Larval Structural Composition of Thaumetopoea Pityocampa (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (Lepidoptera:Notodontidae ) During Feeding Inhibition Due to Some Natural Chemicals”, SAUJS, c. 27, sy. 2, ss. 349–360, 2023, doi: 10.16984/saufenbilder.1145615.
ISNAD Firidin, Beran - Altun, Nurver. “Basic Larval Structural Composition of Thaumetopoea Pityocampa (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (Lepidoptera:Notodontidae ) During Feeding Inhibition Due to Some Natural Chemicals”. Sakarya University Journal of Science 27/2 (Nisan 2023), 349-360. https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.1145615.
JAMA Firidin B, Altun N. Basic Larval Structural Composition of Thaumetopoea Pityocampa (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (Lepidoptera:Notodontidae ) During Feeding Inhibition Due to Some Natural Chemicals. SAUJS. 2023;27:349–360.
MLA Firidin, Beran ve Nurver Altun. “Basic Larval Structural Composition of Thaumetopoea Pityocampa (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (Lepidoptera:Notodontidae ) During Feeding Inhibition Due to Some Natural Chemicals”. Sakarya University Journal of Science, c. 27, sy. 2, 2023, ss. 349-60, doi:10.16984/saufenbilder.1145615.
Vancouver Firidin B, Altun N. Basic Larval Structural Composition of Thaumetopoea Pityocampa (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (Lepidoptera:Notodontidae ) During Feeding Inhibition Due to Some Natural Chemicals. SAUJS. 2023;27(2):349-60.

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