Validation of a Proposed Equation for Determining the Half-Thickness Value of Gamma and X-Ray Radiation

Year 2023, Volume: 18 Issue: 1, 10 - 17, 25.05.2023

Meryem Cansu Şahin , Kaan Manisa , Hasan Bircan

https://doi.org/10.29233/sdufeffd.1244542

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Half-value layer (HVL) is energy dependent on the photon, much as the attenuation coefficient. Increasing the penetrating energy of a photon stream causes an increase in a substance's HVL. Before calculating the HVL value, the linear attenuation coefficient (μ) must be established. A review of the literature indicated that there is presently no Monte Carlo-based sufficient tool for direct calculation of the HVL value and direct computation suitable for material design and all changes based on sophisticated simulation methods. This study aims to calculate HVL data with GAMOS simulation in the 0.1-20 MeV energy range for some anatomical structures defined in ICRU-44 (bone cortical, brain, gray/white matter, breast tissue, eye lens, and testis). The HVL values of the anatomical structures used in the GAMOS code were compared with the results in the literature. As a result, HVL values obtained from GAMOS simulation for different materials and biological structures were compatible with the literature.

Keywords

GAMOS, Half Value Layer, Radiation

References

• E. A. Domina and O. L. Kopylenko, "Role of radioprotectors in minimization of stochastic effects of radiation incidents", Experimental Oncology, 44(3), 186-189, 2022.
• J. K. Shultis and R. E. Faw, Fundamentals of Nuclear Science and Engineering, New York, Marcel Dekker Inc., 506 pages, 2002.
• T. Korkut, A. Karabulut, G. Budak and F. Demir, “Monte Carlo Simülasyonu ile Kolemanit Cevherinin Çeşitli Foton Enerjileri için Radyasyon Soğurganlığının Belirlenmesi,” X. Ulusal Nükleer Bilimler ve Teknolojileri Kongresi, 6-9 Ekim, 2009, Muğla, s. 428–431.
• M. E. Medhat and V. P. Singh, “Mass attenuation coefficients of composite materials by Geant4, XCOM and experimental data: comparative study”, Radiation Effects & Defects in Solids, 169(9), 800–807, 2014.
• P. Singh, A. M. Ali, N. M. Badiger and A. M. El-Khayatt, “Monte Carlo simulation of gamma ray shielding parameters of concretes”, Nuclear Engineering and Design, 265, 1071–1077, 2013.
• National Institute of Standards and Technology Database, NIST. [Online]. Available: http://physics.nist.gov/xaamdi, Accessed: 21.02.2023.
• P. Arce, S. Banerjee, T. Boccali, M. Case, A. Roeck, V. Lara, M. Liendl, A. Nikitenko, M. Schroder, A. Straessner, H. P. Wellisch and H. Wenzel, ''Simulation framework and XML detector description for the CMS experiment'', Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 502(2), 687-688, 2003.
• P. Arce, I. J. Lagares, L. Harkness, D. P. Astudillo, M. Cañadas, P. Rato, M. Prado, Y. Abreu, G. Lorenzo, M. Kolstein and A. Díaz, ''Gamos: A framework to do Geant4 simulations in different physics fields with an user-friendly interface'', Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment,735,304-313, 2014.
• K. Matsubara, H. Nagata, R. Okubo, T. Takata and M. Kobayashi, ‘’Method for determining the half-value layer in computed tomography scans using a real-time dosimeter: application to dual-source dual-energy acquisition’’, Physica Medica, 44(2017), 227-231, 2017.
• T. Gotanda, T. Katsuda, R. Gotanda, A. Tabuchi, K. Yamamoto, T. Kuwano, H. Yatake, K. Kashiyama and Y. Takeda, ‘’Half-value layer measurement: simple process method using radiochromic film’’, Australasian Physics & Engineering Sciences in Medicine, 32(2009), 150-158, 2009.
• A. Fukuda, I. Nao, T. Masami, Y. Tensho, M. Katsuhiko and K. Hitoshi,‘’Measurement of the half-value layer for CT systems in a single-rotation technique: Reduction of stray radiation with lead apertures’’, Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics, 76, 221 – 226, 2020.
• H.O. Tekin, F.T. Ali, G. Almisned, G. Susoy, S.A.M. Issa, A. Ene, W. Elshami and H.M.H. Zakaly, ‘’Multiple assessments on the gamma-ray protection properties of niobium-doped borotellurite glasses: a wide range investigation using Monte Carlo simulations’’, Science And Technology Of Nuclear Installation, 2022, 1-17, 2022.
• H. M. H. Zakaly, Y. S. Rammah, H. O. Tekin, A. Ene, A. Badawi and S. A. M. Issa, ‘’Nuclear shielding performances of borate/sodium/potassium glasses doped with Sm3þ ions’’, Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 47(4), 5587-5596, 2022.
• H. M. H. Zakaly, H. A. Saudi, S. A. M. Issa, M. Rashad, A. I. Elazaka, H. O. Tekin and Y. B. Saddeek, ‘’Alteration of optical, structural, mechanical durability and nuclear radiation attenuation properties of barium borosilicate glasses through BaO reinforcement: experimental and numerical analyses’’, Ceramics International, 47(2021), 5587-5596, 2021.
• H. Bircan , K. Manisa , A. S. Atan and M. Erdoğan , "Gama ve X-Işını Radyasyonu Yarı Değer Kalınlık Değerinin Hesaplanması için Yeni Bir Denklem", Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Arts and Science Journal of Science, 12(1), 23-29, 2017.
• A. S. Ceyhan, ‘’Bazı metal elementlerinin ve biyolojik maddelerin 0,001-20 MeV enerji aralığında X-ışını radyasyonu kütle soğurma katsayılarının incelenmesi’’, MS thesis, Department of Physics, Kutahya Dumlupınar University, Kutahya, Turkey 2018.
• J.H. Hubbell and S.M. Seltzer, 2004., Tables of X-Ray Mass Attenuation Coefficients and Mass EnergyAbsorption Coefficients (version 1.4). [Online]. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD. Available: http://physics.nist.gov/xaamdi. Accessed: 17.04.2023.
• H. C. Manjunatha, L. Seenappa, K. N. Sridhar and C. Hanumantharayappa, ‘’Photon interaction parameters of different tissues of human organs’’, Defence Life Science Journal, 2(3), 358-362, 2017.
• I. Jarrah, M. I. Radaideh, T. Kozlowski and Rizwan-Uddin, ‘’Determination and validation of photon energy absorption buildup factor in human tissues using Monte Carlo simulation’’, Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2019(160), 15-25, 2019.
• H. O. Tekin, G. Misned, S. A. M. Issa and H. M. H. Zakaly, ‘’A rapid and direct method for half value layer calculations for nuclear safety studies using MCNPX Monte Carlo code’’, Nuclear Engineering and Technology, 54( 9), 3317-3323, 2022.