OBEZİTENİN GENETİĞİ

Öz

Obezite, genetik, çevresel faktörler ve bunların karmaşık etkileşimleri tarafından yönetilen birçok kronik hastalık ile ilişkilidir. Genetiğin obeziteye yatkınlıkta önemli rol oynadığı ve hastalık riskine %70'e kadar katkıda bulunabileceği tahmin edilmektedir. Yapılan genetik çalışmalar, genlerin obeziteye katkıda bulunduğunu doğrulamıştır. Genlerdeki anomaliler, Bardet- Biedl ve Prader-Willi sendromları gibi obezite ile ilişkili bozukluklardan doğrudan sorumludur. Genetik epidemiyolojik yaklaşımlar, özellikle genom çapında ilişkilendirme çalışmaları, insan obezitesinde önemli rol oynayan çok sayıda geni tanımlamıştır. Gelecekte, obezite genetiğinin daha fazla araştırılması, obezite tedavisi için yararlı teşhis testleri geliştirmeye yardımcı olabilir. Bu derleme ile obezite genetiği hakkında güncel literatür ile desteklenmiş bilgiler aktarılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Obezite
• Genetik
• Gen
• Kalıtım

GENETICS OF OBESITY

Öz

Obesity is associated with many chronic diseases that involve genetic and environmental factors and are governed by their complex interactions. Genetics is estimated to play an important role in the predisposition to obesity and may contribute up to 70% risk for the disease. Genetic studies have confirmed that genes are contributory factors for obesity. Anomalies in genes are directly responsible for obesity-related disorders such as Bardet-Biedl and Prader-Willi syndromes. Genetic epidemiological approaches, particularly genome-wide association studies, have identified numerous genes which play important roles in human obesity. In the future, further investigation of obesity genetics may help to develop useful diagnostic and predictive tests for obesity treatment. In this review, information supported by the current literature about the genetics of obesity has been conveyed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Obesity
• Genetics
• Gene
• Heritability

Kaynakça

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