CHANGES IN BODY MASS INDEX AND OBESITY RELATED HEALTH COMPLICATIONS AMONG EARLY-STAGE BREAST CANCER

Öz

Objective Advances in imaging methods and multimodal therapies have led to an increase in the number of breast cancer patients surviving. This suggests that modifiable risk factors that will increase survival should be investigated. In this study, we aimed to determine the changes in body mass index (BMI) that occur during the follow-up of patients with early stage breast cancer and the health problems associated with obesity that may be caused by these changes. Material and Methods Basal BMI (measured at diagnosis) of 142 patients admitted to our clinic who were diagnosed with "earlystage breast cancer" was compared with the current BMI (tanita).The relationship between changes in BMI and obesity-related health problems investigated. Results The mean age of the patients was 52.7 ± 1.1 (31-78), and all of them were female. At the time of diagnosis, 56.3% of the patients were premenopausal and 43.7% postmenopausal. While the mean BMI of the patients at diagnosis was 27.9 ± 5.3, the current BMI was calculated as 30.7 ± 5.7 (p <0.0001). It was determined that 90.8% (n = 129) of the patients had an increase in BMI, 8% (n = 11) had a decrease in BMI, and 1.2% (n = 2) had no change in BMI. When the patients with an increase in BMI were examined according to the age of the disease, the BMI increase was found to be 2.1 ± 1.6 kg / m2 in the first year of the disease, while the BMI increase was found to be 4.0 ± 2.9 kg / m2 in the 5th year and more of the disease (p <0.017). Diabetes Mellitus was detected in 22.5% of patients with an increase in BMI, hypertension in 46.5%, hyperlipidemia in 40.3% and degenerative osteoarthritis in 40.3%. All these diagnoses were significantly higher in patients with an increase in BMI compared to the onset of the disease (p <0.0001). Conclusion Increased BMI is a common problem in patients with early stage breast cancer. Weight gain causes an increase in chronic diseases due to obesity. Informing breast cancer patients about weight gain should be a part of treatment management.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Early-stage breast cancer
• body mass indeks
• Obesity
• Chronic diseases

ERKEN EVRE MEME KANSERLİ HASTALARDA BEDEN KİTLE İNDEKSİ DEĞİŞİMİ VE OBEZİTEYE BAĞLI SAĞLIK KOMPLİKASYONLARI

Öz

Amaç Görüntüleme yöntemlerindeki gelişmeler ve multimodal tedaviler, sağ kalan meme kanserli hasta sayısında artışa neden olmuştur. Bu durum sağ kalımı artıracak değiştirilebilir risk faktörlerinin araştırılması gerektiğini düşündürmektedir. Biz bu çalışmada erken evre meme kanserli hastaların takibinde ortaya çıkan beden kitle indeksi (BKİ) değişikliklerini ve bu değişikliklerin yol açabileceği obezite ile ilişkili sağlık sorunlarını tespit etmeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem Kliniğimize başvuran ‘‘Erken evre meme kanseri’’ tanısı almış 142 hastanın BKİ (tanı anındaki), güncel BKİ (tanita) ile karşılaştırılmıştır. BKİ’deki değişimlerle obezite ilişkili sağlık sorunları arasındaki ilişki araştırılmıştır. Bulgular Hastaların ortalama yaşı 52,7 ± 1,1 (31-78) olup tamamı kadın hasta idi. Tanı anında hastaların % 56,3 premenapozal, % 43,7 postmenapozal idi. Hastaların tanıda BKİ ortalaması 27,9 ± 5,3 iken güncel BKİ ortalaması 30,7 ± 5,7 olarak hesaplandı (p<0,0001). Hastaların %90,8’inde (n=129) BKİ’de artış, %8’ inde (n=11) BKİ’de azalma, % 1,2’sinde (n=2) ise BKİ'de değişme olmadığı tespit edildi. BKİ’de artış olan hastalar, hastalık yaşına göre incelendiğinde hastalığının ilk yılında olanlarda BKİ artışı 2,1±1,6 kg/m² iken hastalığının 5. yılı ve üzerinde olanlarda BKİ artışı 4,0±2,9 kg/m² olarak bulundu (p<0,017). BKİ’nde artış tespit edilen hastaların %22.5’inde Diyabetes Mellitus, %46.5’inde hipertansiyon, %40.3’ünde hiperlipidemi ve %40.3’ünde dejeneratif osteoartrit tespit edildi. Hastalığın başlangıcına göre karşılaştırıldığında BKI’de artış tespit edilen hastalarda tüm bu tanılar anlamlı oranda daha yüksekti (p<0,0001). Sonuç Erken evre meme kanserli hastalarda BKİ artışı yaygın görülen bir problemdir. Kilo artışı obeziteye bağlı gelişen kronik hastalıklarda artışa neden olmaktadır. Meme kanseri hastalarını kilo artışı yönünden bilgilendirmek tedavi yönetiminin bir parçası olmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Erken evre meme kanseri
• beden kitle indeksi
• Obezite
• Kronik hastalıklar

Kaynakça

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