Frequency and Distribution of MEFV Gene Mutation in Familial Mediterranean Fever Patients: A Single Center Experience

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 1, 85 - 91, 11.03.2021

Şebnem Özemri Sağ Adem Alemdar Lamiya Aliyeva Niyazi Kaya Şehime G Temel

https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.741507

Öz

Objective
We aimed to evaluate frequency and distribution MEFV gene mutation variants in patients with presumptive diagnosis of Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF).
Material and Methods
Patients who had undergone FMF targeted mutation analysis between September 2018 and September 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Twenty-six distinct MEFV gene mutation variants were studied. Demographic and clinical data of study participants were collected from patient charts and hospital electronic database system.
Results
Out of 910 referred patients, 350 (38.5%) were found to have a positive FMF mutation. In total, we detected 41 different genotypes and 26 different mutations in MEFV gene. The most common mutation and genotype were M694V and heterozygous M694V, respectively. Two hundred and seventy-six patients (78.9%) had a single mutation. Seventy-four patients had compound heterozygous mutation (21.1%). The most common compound heterozygous mutation was P369S/R408Q (23.3%). Five founder mutations constituted the seventy-five percent of the all mutations detected. Rare mutations that generally not examined in other studies were present in 15 patients (%4.2) in the form of two different compound heterozygous genotype. The total allele frequency of these rare mutations was 5%.
Conclusion
In this study, we examined an extended panel of MEFV mutations and detected more complex genotypes than most of the previous studies conducted in Turkish patients in the literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Familial Mediterranean Fever, ; MEFV, Mutation, M694V

Ailesel Akdeniz Ateşi Hastalarında MEFV Gen Mutasyonunun Sıklığı ve Dağılımı: Tek Merkez Deneyimi

Öz

Amaç
Ailesel Akdeniz Ateşi (FMF) olası tanısı olan hastalarda MEFV gen mutasyon varyantlarının sıklığı ve dağılımını değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntem
Eylül 2018 ve Eylül 2019 arasında FMF hedef mutasyon analizi yapılan hastalar retrospektif olarak incelendi. Yirmi altı farklı MEFV gen mutasyon varyantı incelendi. Çalışma katılımcılarının demografik ve klinik verileri hasta listelerinden ve hastane elektronik veri tabanı sisteminden toplanmıştır.
Bulgular
Refere edilen 910 hastanın 350'sinde (%38.5) FMF mutasyonu pozitif bulundu. Toplamda, MEFV geninde 41 farklı genotip ve 26 farklı mutasyon tespit ettik. En yaygın mutasyon ve genotip sırasıyla M694V ve heterozigot M694V idi. İki yüz yetmiş altı hastada (%78.9) tek bir mutasyon vardı. Yetmiş dört hastada bileşik heterozigot mutasyon vardı (%21.1). En yaygın bileşik heterozigot mutasyon P369S/R408Q (%23.3) idi. Beş kurucu mutasyon, tespit edilen tüm mutasyonların yüzde yetmiş beşini oluşturdu. Genel olarak diğer çalışmalarda incelenmeyen nadir mutasyonlar 15 hastada (% 4.2) iki farklı bileşik heterozigot genotip formunda mevcuttu. Bu nadir mutasyonların toplam alel sıklığı %5 idi.
Sonuç
Bu çalışmada, MEFV mutasyonlarının genişletilmiş bir panelini inceledik ve literatürde Türk hastalarda yapılan önceki çalışmaların çoğundan daha kompleks genotipler tespit ettik.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ailesel Akdeniz Ateşi, MEFV, Mutasyon, M694V

Kaynakça

• References 1. Alghamdi M. Familial Mediterranean fever, review of the literature. Clin Rheumatol. 2017;36(8):1707-13.
• 2. Tunca M, Akar S, Onen F, Ozdogan H, Kasapcopur O, Yalcinkaya F, et al. Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) in Turkey: results of a nationwide multicenter study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2005;84(1):1-11.
• 3. Kisacik B, Yildirim B, Tasliyurt T, Ozyurt H, Ozyurt B, Yuce S, et al. Increased frequency of familial Mediterranean fever in northern Turkey: a population-based study. Rheumatol Int. 2009;29(11):1307-9.
• 4. Ozen S, Batu ED. The myths we believed in familial Mediterranean fever: what have we learned in the past years? Semin Immunopathol. 2015;37(4):363-9.
• 5. Ben-Zvi I, Herskovizh C, Kukuy O, Kassel Y, Grossman C, Livneh A. Familial Mediterranean fever without MEFV mutations: a case-control study. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2015;10:34.
• 6. Sari I, Birlik M, Kasifoglu T. Familial Mediterranean fever: An updated review. Eur J Rheumatol. 2014;1(1):21-33.
• 7. Celep G, Durmaz ZH, Erdogan Y, Akpinar S, Kaya SA, Guckan R. The Spectrum of MEFV Gene Mutations and Genotypes in the Middle Northern Region of Turkey. Eurasian J Med. 2019;51(3):252-6.
• 8. Yildirim ME, Kurtulgan HK, Ozdemir O, Kilicgun H, Aydemir DS, Baser B, et al. Prevalence of MEFV gene mutations in a large cohort of patients with suspected familial Mediterranean fever in Central Anatolia. Ann Saudi Med. 2019;39(6):382-7.
• 9. Coskun S, Kurtgoz S, Keskin E, Sonmez F, Bozkurt G. Frequency of mutations in Mediterranean fever gene, with gender and genotype-phenotype correlations in a Turkish population. J Genet. 2015;94(4):629-35.
• 10. Korkmaz DT, Atak PG, Celik C. Frequencies of the Common MEFV Gene Mutations in Adiyaman, Southeast Anatolia, Turkey. Balkan J Med Genet. 2014;17(2):67-71.
• 11. Gunesacar R, Celik MM, Arica V, Elmacioglu S, Ozturk OH. Frequency of MEFV gene mutations in Hatay province, Mediterranean region of Turkey and report of a novel missense mutation (I247V). Gene. 2014;546(2):195-9.
• 12. Yasar Bilge S, Sari I, Solmaz D, Senel S, Emmungil H, Kilic L, et al. The distribution of MEFV mutations in Turkish FMF patients: multicenter study representing results of Anatolia. Turk J Med Sci. 2019;49(2):472-7.
• 13. Akin H, Onay H, Turker E, Cogulu O, Ozkinay F. MEFV mutations in patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever from the Aegean region of Turkey. Mol Biol Rep. 2010;37(1):93-8.
• 14. Dundar M, Emirogullari EF, Kiraz A, Taheri S, Baskol M. Common Familial Mediterranean Fever gene mutations in a Turkish cohort. Mol Biol Rep. 2011;38(8):5065-9.
• 15. Oztuzcu S, Ulasli M, Ergun S, Igci YZ, Igci M, Bayraktar R, et al. Screening of common and novel familial mediterranean fever mutations in south-east part of Turkey. Mol Biol Rep. 2014;41(4):2601-7.
• 16. Dogan HO, Koca Y, Erden G, Karaaslan Y, Bozat H. Evaluating MEFV mutation frequency in Turkish familial Mediterranean fever suspected patients and gender correlation: a retrospective study. Mol Biol Rep. 2012;39(5):6193-6.
• 17. Kasifoglu T, Bilge SY, Sari I, Solmaz D, Senel S, Emmungil H, et al. Amyloidosis and its related factors in Turkish patients with familial Mediterranean fever: a multicentre study. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2014;53(4):741-5.
• 18. Gumus E. The Frequency of MEFV Gene Mutations and Genotypes in Sanliurfa Province, South-Eastern Region of Turkey, after the Syrian Civil War by Using Next Generation Sequencing and Report of a Novel Exon 4 Mutation (I423T). J Clin Med. 2018;7(5).
• 19. Yilmaz G, Senes M, Kayalp D, Yucel D. Is Turkish MEFV Mutations Spectrum Different Among Regions? J Clin Lab Anal. 2016;30(5):641-4.
• 20. Cekin N, Akyurek ME, Pinarbasi E, Ozen F. MEFV mutations and their relation to major clinical symptoms of Familial Mediterranean Fever. Gene. 2017;626:9-13.