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Assessment of Anxiety and Stress Levels of Healthcare Professionals Working in Pandemic Service and Intensive Care

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 28 Sayı: COVİD-19 ÖZEL SAYI, 19 - 29, 01.05.2021
https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.882994

Öz

Objective
In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the effects of the COVID -19 epidemic, anxiety and stress levels of healthcare workers working in pandemic wards and intensive care units, and to guide the measures to be taken to protect and support the mental health of healthcare professionals.
Materials and Methods
After obtaining ethical consent, this study was conducted as a questionnaire for all healthcare professionals working actively in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and pandemic services after the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020. The study was done on a voluntary basis. The participant was informed beforehand. Without naming the participants; They were asked to fill in the information form containing personal demographic data, Perceived Stress Scale and Beck Anxiety Scale. The survey forms were transferred to SPSS20.0 and a collective evaluation was made. When the personal mood changes of the participants were questioned, according to the survey results; Although 90 (8.5%) people could provide adequate protective equipment, 63 (59.4%) people were found not to feel safe while working. It was noted that the most common fear of 61 (57.5%) people was the fear of infecting their family.
Results
A total of 106 volunteers participated in the study, 58 women and 48 men, the mean age was 30.12 ± 11.2 years. In comparison of Beck Anxiety Scale and Perceived Stress Scale scores between groups; While there was no statistical significance between gender and occupation groups, the scores of both scales calculated were found to be significantly higher when the working unit was service and the working year was less than 3 years.
Conclusion
These findings inform the development and implementation of interventions to reduce the negative impact of ongoing psychological distress in healthcare workers on long-term mental and physical health. The lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic are that managers make it a priority to protect healthcare workers in public health crises such as this when making decisions.

Kaynakça

  • Kaynaklar 1. Mahase E. Coronavirus COVID-19 has killedmorepeoplethan SARS and MERS combined, despitelowercasefatality rate. BMJ 2020;368:m641. doi: 10.1136/bmj.m641. PMID: 32071063.
  • 2. Corona virus disease (COVID-19) Data as received by WHO from national authorities, as of 04 October 2020, 10 am CEST Available at: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20201005-weekly-epi-update-8.pdf Erişim tarihi: 9 Ekim 2020(Accessed October 9, 2020.
  • 3. Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, Xu L, Ho CS, et al. Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020;17(5):1729.
  • 4. Levin J. MentalHealthCareforSurvivorsand Healthcare Workers in theAftermath of an Outbreak. Psychiatry of Pandemics 2019:127–41. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-15346-5_11. PMCID: PMC7122898.
  • 5. Qiu J, Shen B, Zhao M, Wang Z, Xie B, Xu Y. A nation widesurvey of psychological distress among Chinese people in the COVID-19 epidemic: Implications and policy recommendations. General Psychiatry 2020;33 33(2):e100213.
  • 6. Spoorthy MS, Pratapa SK, Mahant S. Mentalhealthproblemsfacedbyhealthcareworkersduetothe COVID-19 pandemic-A review. Asian J Psychiatr 2020;51:102119. doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102119.
  • 7. Lee SM, Kang WS, Cho AR, Kim T, Park JK. Psychologicalimpact of the 2015 MERS outbreak on hospitalworkersandquarantinedhemodialysispatients. Compr Psychiatry 2018;87:123-127. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.10.003.
  • 8. Ahorsu DK, Lin CY, Imani V, Saffari M, Griffiths MD, Pakpour AH. The Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Development andInitialValidation. Int J MentHealthAddict. 2020 Mar 27:1-9. doi: 10.1007/s11469-020-00270-8. Epubahead of print. PMID: 32226353; PMCID: PMC7100496.
  • 9. Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R.A globalmeasure of perceivedstress. J HealthSoc Behav 1983; 24(4):385-96.
  • 10. Taylor S, Landry CA, Paluszek MM, Fergus TA, McKay D, Asmundson GJG. Development andinitialvalidation of the COVID Stress Scales. J Anxiety Disord 2020;72:102232. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102232
  • 11. Newby JM, O'Moore K, Tang S, Christensen H, Faasse K. Acutementalhealthresponsesduringthe COVID-19 pandemic in Australia. PLoSOne 2020;15(7):e0236562. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236562.
  • 12. Shechter A, Diaz F, Moise N, Anstey DE, Ye S, Agarwal S, et al. Psychologicaldistress, copingbehaviors, andpreferencesforsupportamong New York healthcareworkersduringthe COVID-19 pandemic. Gen HospPsychiatry 2020;66:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2020.06.007.
  • 13. Lai J, Ma S, Wang Y, Cai Z, Hu J, Wei N, et al. FactorsAssociatedWithMentalHealthOutcomesAmongHealthCareWorkersExposedtoCoronavirus Disease 2019. JAMA Netw Open 2020;3(3):e203976. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976.
  • 14. Cai H, Tu B, Ma J, Chen L, Fu L, Jiang Y, et al. PsychologicalImpactandCopingStrategies of FrontlineMedicalStaff in HunanBetweenJanuaryandMarch 2020 DuringtheOutbreak of CoronavirusDisease 2019 (COVID 19) in Hubei, China. MedSciMonit 2020;26:e924171. doi: 10.12659/MSM.924171.
  • 15. Zandifar A, Badrfam R. Iranianmentalhealthduringthe COVID-19 epidemic. Asian J Psychiatr 2020;51:101990. doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.101990.
  • 16. Wilson W, Raj JP, Rao S, Ghiya M, Nedungalaparambil NM, Mundra H, et al. PrevalenceandPredictors of Stress, Anxiety, andDepressionamong Healthcare WorkersManaging COVID-19 Pandemic in India: A NationwideObservationalStudy. Indian J Psychol Med 2020:0253717620933992. doi: 10.1177/0253717620933992.
  • 17. Kannampallil TG, Goss CW, Evanoff BA, Strickland JR, McAlister RP, Duncan J. Exposureto COVID-19 patientsincreasesphysiciantrainee stres andburnout. PLoSOne. 2020;15(8):e0237301. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237301.
  • 18. Vagni M, Maiorano T, Giostra V, Pajardi D. Hardiness, StressandSecondaryTrauma in Italian Healthcare andEmergencyWorkersduringthe COVID-19 Pandemic. Sustainability 2020;12: 5592.

Pandemi Servisi ve Yoğun Bakımda Çalışan Sağlık Çalışanlarının Anksiyeteve Stres Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 28 Sayı: COVİD-19 ÖZEL SAYI, 19 - 29, 01.05.2021
https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.882994

Öz

Amaç
Bu çalışmada, pandemi servis ve yoğun bakımlarında çalışan sağlık çalışanlarının, COVİD -19 salgınından etkilenme,anksiyete ve stres düzeylerinin değerlendirmesi sağlık çalışanlarının ruh sağlığının korunması ve desteklenmesi için alınacak önlemler açısından yol göstermesi amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntem
Bu çalışma Yoğun Bakım Ünitesi(YBÜ) ve pandemi servislerinde aktif olarak çalışan tüm sağlık çalışanlarına yönelik anket çalışması olarak yapıldı. Çalışma gönüllülük esasına göre yapıldı. Çalışmaya katılan kişiye öncesinde bilgilendirme yapıldı. Katılımcılardan isim verilmeyecek şekilde; kişisel demografik verileri içeren bilgi formu, Algılanan Stres Ölçeği veBeckAnksiyeteÖlçeği’ni doldurmaları istendi.Anket formları SPSS20.0’eaktarılarak toplu değerlendirme yapıldı.Çalışmaya katılanların kişisel duygudurum değişikleri sorgulandığunda anket donuçlarına göre; 90(%8,5) kişinin yeterli koruyucu ekipman temin edebiliyor olmasına rağmen, 63(%59,4) kişinin çalışırken kendinizi güvende hissetmediği saptandı. 61(%57,5) kişinin en sık korkusunun ailesine enfeksiyon bulaştırma korkusu olduğu dikkat çekmiştir.
Bulgular
Çalışmaya toplam 106 gönüllü katıldı, 58 kadın 48 erkek, yaş ortalaması 30,12±11,2 yıl idi.Gruplar arasında Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği ve Algılanan Stres Ölçeği skorlarının karşılaştırılmasında; cinsiyet ve meslek grubu arasında istatistiksel anlamlılık saptanmazken, çalışılan birimin servis olması ve çalışma yılı 3 yıldan az olması durumlarında hesaplanan her 2 ölçeğin skorları anlamlı yüksek saptandı.
Sonuç
Bu bulgular, sağlık çalışanlarında devam eden psikolojik sıkıntının uzun vadeli zihinsel ve fiziksel sağlık üzerindeki olumsuz etkisini azaltmak için müdahalelerin geliştirilmesi ve uygulanması konusunda bilgi vermektedir. COVID-19 salgınından çıkarılan dersler, yöneticilerin kararveriken, bunun gibi halk sağlığı krizlerinde sağlık çalışanlarını korumasını öncelik olarak belirlemesidir. Bu bulguların, tüm kurumlardaki politikaları etkileyeceğini umuyoruz.

Kaynakça

  • Kaynaklar 1. Mahase E. Coronavirus COVID-19 has killedmorepeoplethan SARS and MERS combined, despitelowercasefatality rate. BMJ 2020;368:m641. doi: 10.1136/bmj.m641. PMID: 32071063.
  • 2. Corona virus disease (COVID-19) Data as received by WHO from national authorities, as of 04 October 2020, 10 am CEST Available at: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20201005-weekly-epi-update-8.pdf Erişim tarihi: 9 Ekim 2020(Accessed October 9, 2020.
  • 3. Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, Xu L, Ho CS, et al. Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020;17(5):1729.
  • 4. Levin J. MentalHealthCareforSurvivorsand Healthcare Workers in theAftermath of an Outbreak. Psychiatry of Pandemics 2019:127–41. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-15346-5_11. PMCID: PMC7122898.
  • 5. Qiu J, Shen B, Zhao M, Wang Z, Xie B, Xu Y. A nation widesurvey of psychological distress among Chinese people in the COVID-19 epidemic: Implications and policy recommendations. General Psychiatry 2020;33 33(2):e100213.
  • 6. Spoorthy MS, Pratapa SK, Mahant S. Mentalhealthproblemsfacedbyhealthcareworkersduetothe COVID-19 pandemic-A review. Asian J Psychiatr 2020;51:102119. doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102119.
  • 7. Lee SM, Kang WS, Cho AR, Kim T, Park JK. Psychologicalimpact of the 2015 MERS outbreak on hospitalworkersandquarantinedhemodialysispatients. Compr Psychiatry 2018;87:123-127. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.10.003.
  • 8. Ahorsu DK, Lin CY, Imani V, Saffari M, Griffiths MD, Pakpour AH. The Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Development andInitialValidation. Int J MentHealthAddict. 2020 Mar 27:1-9. doi: 10.1007/s11469-020-00270-8. Epubahead of print. PMID: 32226353; PMCID: PMC7100496.
  • 9. Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R.A globalmeasure of perceivedstress. J HealthSoc Behav 1983; 24(4):385-96.
  • 10. Taylor S, Landry CA, Paluszek MM, Fergus TA, McKay D, Asmundson GJG. Development andinitialvalidation of the COVID Stress Scales. J Anxiety Disord 2020;72:102232. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102232
  • 11. Newby JM, O'Moore K, Tang S, Christensen H, Faasse K. Acutementalhealthresponsesduringthe COVID-19 pandemic in Australia. PLoSOne 2020;15(7):e0236562. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236562.
  • 12. Shechter A, Diaz F, Moise N, Anstey DE, Ye S, Agarwal S, et al. Psychologicaldistress, copingbehaviors, andpreferencesforsupportamong New York healthcareworkersduringthe COVID-19 pandemic. Gen HospPsychiatry 2020;66:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2020.06.007.
  • 13. Lai J, Ma S, Wang Y, Cai Z, Hu J, Wei N, et al. FactorsAssociatedWithMentalHealthOutcomesAmongHealthCareWorkersExposedtoCoronavirus Disease 2019. JAMA Netw Open 2020;3(3):e203976. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976.
  • 14. Cai H, Tu B, Ma J, Chen L, Fu L, Jiang Y, et al. PsychologicalImpactandCopingStrategies of FrontlineMedicalStaff in HunanBetweenJanuaryandMarch 2020 DuringtheOutbreak of CoronavirusDisease 2019 (COVID 19) in Hubei, China. MedSciMonit 2020;26:e924171. doi: 10.12659/MSM.924171.
  • 15. Zandifar A, Badrfam R. Iranianmentalhealthduringthe COVID-19 epidemic. Asian J Psychiatr 2020;51:101990. doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.101990.
  • 16. Wilson W, Raj JP, Rao S, Ghiya M, Nedungalaparambil NM, Mundra H, et al. PrevalenceandPredictors of Stress, Anxiety, andDepressionamong Healthcare WorkersManaging COVID-19 Pandemic in India: A NationwideObservationalStudy. Indian J Psychol Med 2020:0253717620933992. doi: 10.1177/0253717620933992.
  • 17. Kannampallil TG, Goss CW, Evanoff BA, Strickland JR, McAlister RP, Duncan J. Exposureto COVID-19 patientsincreasesphysiciantrainee stres andburnout. PLoSOne. 2020;15(8):e0237301. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237301.
  • 18. Vagni M, Maiorano T, Giostra V, Pajardi D. Hardiness, StressandSecondaryTrauma in Italian Healthcare andEmergencyWorkersduringthe COVID-19 Pandemic. Sustainability 2020;12: 5592.
Toplam 18 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Klinik Tıp Bilimleri, Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Emel Yıldız 0000-0003-4493-2099

Sevil Alkan Çeviker 0000-0003-1944-2477

Murat Emre Tokur 0000-0002-3957-4971

Özlem Koçak 0000-0001-9322-9776

Sıdıka Bataş Bilgeç Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-8626-0505

Ayşe Yıldırımer Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-8942-4226

Canan Balcı 0000-0002-3318-8455

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Mayıs 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 19 Şubat 2021
Kabul Tarihi 17 Nisan 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 28 Sayı: COVİD-19 ÖZEL SAYI

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Yıldız E, Alkan Çeviker S, Tokur ME, Koçak Ö, Bataş Bilgeç S, Yıldırımer A, Balcı C. Pandemi Servisi ve Yoğun Bakımda Çalışan Sağlık Çalışanlarının Anksiyeteve Stres Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi. SDÜ Tıp Fak Derg. 2021;28(COVİD-19 ÖZEL SAYI):19-2.

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