PULMONER HASTALIKLARDA TELEREHABİLİTASYON

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 2, 361 - 365, 15.06.2021

Mesut Ergan , Zeliha Başkurt

https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.762367

Öz

Akciğer hastalıkları, ülkelerin sağlık ve sosyal sistemlerine
büyük bir yük getirmektedir. Bu hastalıklar morbidite
ve mortalitenin en yaygın nedenleri arasında
yer almaktadır. Kronik solunumsal hastalıklar dünya
çapında ölüm nedeni olarak üçüncü sırada yer almaktadır.
Kronik akciğer hastalığı olan kişilerde; fonksiyonel
kapasiteyi sınırlayan nefes darlığı, egzersiz
toleransı düşüklüğü, sağlıkla ilgili yaşam kalitesinde
bozulma, tekrarlı hastanede yatış ihtiyacı, anksiyete
ve depresyon prevalansında artma görülür. Kronik
akciğer hastalıklarının olumsuz sosyal ve ekonomik
etkileri bireyler, aileler ve toplumlar tarafından büyük
oranda hissedilmektedir ve gelecekte de bu etkilerin
önemli ölçüde artacağı tahmin edilmektedir. Pulmoner
rehabilitasyon, fonksiyonel kapasite, semptomlar ve
yaşam kalitesi üzerinde klinik olarak önemli kazanımlar
elde etmek için kanıtlanmış ve etkili bir stratejidir.
Pulmoner rehabilitasyon, bireysel olarak uyarlanmış
egzersiz programı, hastalığa özgü eğitim ve özyönetim
becerilerini içermelidir. Pulmoner rehabilitasyonun
yararına yönelik kanıtlar bulunmasına rağmen,
çok az sayıda insan rehabilitasyon programına dahil
olabilmektedir. Telerehabilitasyon gibi yeni pulmoner
rehabilitasyon uygulama stratejileriyle, kronik akciğer
hastalığı olan kişiler için merkez tabanlı programlara
katılım engelleri azaltılırken, hizmetlere uygun ve eşit
erişim sağlanır. Telerehabilitasyon modelleri egzersiz
eğitimine ek olarak, öz-yönetim eğitimi, hastalık yönetimi
ile ilgili eğitim, hasta değerlendirmesi, hedef belirleme,
fizyolojik sinyallerin izlenmesi ve akran desteği
gibi pulmoner rehabilitasyonun diğer bileşenlerini de
içerebilir. Akciğer hastalığı olan kişilerde telerehabilitasyon,
daha fazla insanın pulmoner rehabilitasyonun
faydalarını deneyimlemesine olanak tanımaktadır.
Daha büyük katılım sağlayabilmek için telerehabilitasyon
modellerinde sürdürülebilir fonların dikkate
alınması gerekmektedir. Bu derleme, pulmoner hastalıkların
tedavisinde telerehabilitasyonun önemi ve
etkinliğini ilgili literatür ışığında incelemeyi hedeflemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Akciğer,, Pulmoner hastalıklar,, Pulmoner rehabilitasyon,, Telerehabilitasyon

Destekleyen Kurum

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Proje Numarası

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Teşekkür

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TELEREHABILITATION IN PULMONARY DISEASES

Öz

Lung diseases bring a huge burden on the health
and social systems of countries. These diseases are
the most common causes of morbidity and mortality.
Chronic respiratory diseases take third place as the
cause of death worldwide. People with chronic lung
disease have dyspnea limiting the functional capacity,
lower exercise tolerance, decrease in health-related
quality of life, need for repeated hospitalization,
higher prevalence of anxiety, and depression.
The negative social and economic effects of chronic
lung diseases are felt to a large extent by individuals,
families, and communities, and these effects are expected
to increase significantly in the future. Pulmonary
rehabilitation is a proven and effective strategy
to achieve clinically significant gains on functional
capacity, symptoms and quality of life. Pulmonary
rehabilitation should include an individually adapted
exercise program, disease-specific training, and self-management skills. Although there is evidence
for the benefit of pulmonary rehabilitation, very few
people can be included in the rehabilitation program.
With new pulmonary rehabilitation implementation
strategies such as telerehabilitation, barriers to participation
in center-based programs are reduced for
people with chronic lung disease, while appropriate
and equal access to services is provided. In addition
to exercise training, telerehabilitation models may include
other components of pulmonary rehabilitation,
such as self-management training, disease management
training, patient assessment, goal setting,
monitoring of physiological signals, and peer support.
Telerehabilitation allows more people to experience
the benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation in people with
lung disease to achieve greater participation, sustainable
funds should be taken into consideration in telerehabilitation
models. This review aims to examine
the importance and effectiveness of telerehabilitation
in the treatment of pulmonary diseases in the light of
the relevant literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Lung, Pulmonary diseases, Pulmonary rehabilitation, Telerehabilitation

Proje Numarası

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Kaynakça

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