Kraniyofasiyal Anomalileri ve/veya Sendromları Olan Hastalarda Paranazal Sinüs Agenezisi: CBCT Görüntülerinin Retrospektif Bir Çalışması

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, kraniyofasiyal anomalileri ve/veya sendromları olan hastaların konik ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomografi (KIBT) görüntülerini inceleyerek paranazal sinüs agenezisinin varlığını değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kraniyofasiyal anomalileri ve/veya sendromları olan ve KIBT görüntüleri görüş alanında (FOV) ilgili paranazal sinüsleri içeren 198 hasta bu çalışmaya dahil edildi. KIBT görüntüleri aksiyal, sagittal ve koronal kesitlerde incelendi. Olguların sfenoid sinüs agenezisi varlığı, yaş ve cinsiyet özellikleri kaydedildi. Bulgular: Yaş ortalaması 16.53±8.23 olan 198 hasta (79 kadın ve 119 erkek) değerlendirildi. Sendromik olmayan 115 dudak damak yarıklı hastanın 11'inde frontal sinüs agenezisi gözlenirken, sendromik olmayan 156 dudak damak yarıklı hastanın 5'inde sfenoid sinüs agenezisi saptandı. Kleidokranial displazili 5 hasta arasında 1 frontal sinüs agenezisi ve 5 sfenoid sinüs agenezisi vakası kaydedilmiştir. 198 hastadan sağ tek taraflı frontal sinüs agenezisi erkeklerde %3.28, kadınlarda %0.65 olarak bulunmuştur. Sol tek taraflı frontal sinüs agenezisi her iki cinsiyette de eşit olarak %1,97 oranında gözlendi. Sfenoid sinüs agenezisi %5,55 oranında bilateral ve %2,02 oranında unilateral olarak saptandı. Bilateral agenezinin erkeklerde daha yüksek olduğu görüldü. Maksiller ve etmoid sinüs agenezisi saptanmadı. Sonuç: Agenezi, genellikle kraniosinostoz sendromlarına eşlik eden nadir bir paranazal sinüs anomalisidir. Cerrahlar endoskopik cerrahi sırasında veya transsfenoidal hipofizektomi öncesinde ageneziyi göz önünde bulundurmalıdır.

Keywords

• Paranazal sinüs
• agenezi
• aplazi
• CBCT
• kraniyofasiyal anomali
• sendrom.

Paranasal Sinus Agenesis in Patients with Craniofacial Anomalies and/or Syndromes: A Retrospective Study of CBCT Images

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the presence of paranasal sinus agenesis by evaluating cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of patients with craniofacial anomalies and/or syndromes. Methods: 198 patients with craniofacial anomalies and/or syndromes, whose CBCT images including relevant paranasal sinuses in the field of view (FOV), were included in this study. The CBCT images were examined in axial, sagittal, and coronal sections. The presence of the sphenoid sinus agenesis, age, and gender characteristics of the cases were recorded. Results: 198 patients (79 females and 119 males) with a mean age of 16.53±8.23 were evaluated. 11 cases of frontal sinus agenesis were observed out of 115 non-syndromic patients with cleft lip and palate, whereas 5 sphenoid sinus agenesis were detected out of 156 non-syndromic patients with cleft lip and palate. Among 5 patients with cleidocranial dysplasia, 1 case of frontal sinus agenesis and 5 cases of sphenoid sinus agenesis were noted. Out of 198 patients, right unilateral frontal sinus agenesis was found as 3.28% in men and 0.65% in women. Left unilateral frontal sinus agenesis was observed equally in both genders with a rate of 1.97%. Sphenoid sinus agenesis was detected as bilateral at 5.55% and unilateral at 2.02%. Bilateral agenesis was found to be higher in men. No maxillary and ethmoid sinus agenesis was detected. Conclusion: Agenesis is a rare paranasal sinus abnormality usually accompanying to syndromes of craniosynostosis. Surgeons should consider agenesis during endoscopic surgery or prior to transsphenoidal hypophysectomy.

Keywords

• Paranasal sinus
• agenesis
• aplasia
• CBCT
• craniofacial anomaly
• syndrome.

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