Farklı Evde Beyazlatma Ajanlarının Beyazlatma Performansının In-Vitro Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Farklı evde beyazlatma ajanlarının, herhangi bir renklendirici ajana maruz bırakılmadan 14 günlük beyazlatma uygulaması boyunca ve beyazlatma sonrası 1 haftanın sonunda beyazlatma performanslarının ve renk stabilitelerinin in-vitro değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada, yedi farklı evde beyazlatma ajanı için toplamda yedi ayrı grup oluşturulmuştur. Dişler (n=8), gruplar arasında rastgele dağıtıldıktan sonra, 14 gün boyunca belirlenen beyazlatma ajanı ile tedavi edilmiştir. Beyazlatma uygulamasının ardından, dişler bir sonraki uygulamaya kadar ve beyazlatma sonrası birinci haftanın sonuna kadar yapay tükürük ortamında bekletilmiştir. Renk ölçümleri, dijital spektrofotometre aracılığıyla başlangıç değerleri, 7. ve 14. günlerde, ayrıca beyazlatma işlemi sonrasında 7. günün sonunda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen renk değişim verileri, CIE2000 renk sistemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Beyazlatma tedavisinin sonunda tüm gruplarda algılanabilir ve kabul edilebilir eşik değerlerin üzerinde beyazlatma etkisi gözlenmiştir. Grupların başlangıç-14. gün ΔE değerleri ise sırasıyla P: 9,60; Z: 8,14; WP: 10,22; Op16: 10,43; Op10: 11,72; Op6: 5,81; B: 6,37 olarak; başlangıç-BS 1.hafta ΔE değerleri ise sırasıyla P: 7,92; Z: 6,95; WP: 6,14; Op16: 5,46; Op10: 7,72; Op6: 4,26; B: 6,10 olarak tespit edilmiştir. 14.gün- 1.hafta ΔE değerleri ise sırasıyla P: 5,27; Z: 3,63; WP: 6,78; Op16: 6,84; Op10: 5,95; Op6: 2,12; B: 1,66 olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar: Çalışmada kullanılan bütün evde beyazlatma ajanlarıyla beyazlatma uygulamaları sonucunda algılanabilir ve kabul edilebilir eşik değerlerin üzerinde beyazlık sağlanmıştır. Eşdeğer HP içeriğe sahip evde beyazlatma ajanlarının sağladığı beyazlatma etkinliğinin birbirlerine benzer bulunmuştur. HP içerikli ajanlarda beyazlatma tedavisi sonrası 1 haftalık kritik dönemde elde edilen beyazlığın daha stabil olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Diş beyazlatma, diş beyazlatma ajanları, dişte renk değişikliği

Keywords

• Diş beyazlatma
• diş beyazlatma ajanları
• dişte renk değişikliği

Evaluating the In-Vitro Whitening Efficiency of Various At-Home Bleaching Agents

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study is to conduct an in-vitro assessment of the whitening efficacy and color reversals of various at-home whitening agents over a 14-day application period and one week post-treatment, devoid of any staining agents. Materials and Methods: This study established seven distinct groups for seven different at-home whitening agents. Eight teeth were randomly allocated to the groups and subjected to the specified whitening agents for a duration of 14 days. Subsequent to the whitening application, the teeth were kept in an artificial saliva environment until the subsequent application and throughout the conclusion of the first week post-treatment. Color measurements were performed with a digital spectrophotometer at baseline, on days 7 and 14, and at the conclusion of the 7th day following whitening. The acquired color change data were analyzed via the CIE2000 color system. Results: Upon completion of the whitening treatment, a significant and satisfactory whitening effect was evident in all groups, surpassing threshold values. The ΔE values for the groups from baseline to day 14 were as follows: P: 9.60; Z: 8.14; WP: 10.22; Op16: 10.43; Op10: 11.72; Op6: 5.81; B: 6.37. The baseline to week 1 post-whitening ΔE values were: P: 7.92; Z: 6.95; WP: 6.14; Op16: 5.46; Op10: 7.72; Op6: 4.26; B: 6.10. The ΔE values from day 14 to week 1 were as follows: P: 5.27; Z: 3.63; WP: 6.78; Op16: 6.84; Op10: 5.95; Op6: 2.12; B: 1.66. Conclusion: All at-home whitening agents used in the study produced a perceptible whitening effect that exceeded acceptable threshold values. The whitening efficacy of agents with comparable HP content was determined to be similar. It was determined that the whiteness acquired in the critical period of one week following bleaching treatment in HP-containing solutions was more stable. Key Words: Tooth bleaching, tooth bleaching agents

Keywords

• Tooth bleaching
• tooth bleaching agents
• color stability

References

1. 1. Dadoun MP, Bartlett DW. Safety issues when using carbamide peroxide to bleach vital teeth--a review of the literature. The European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry. 2003;11(1):9-13.
2. 2. Kwon SR, Wertz PW. Review of the mechanism of tooth whitening. Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry. 2015;27(5):240-257.
3. 3. Llena C, Villanueva A, Mejias E, et al. Bleaching efficacy of at-home 16% carbamide peroxide: a long-term clinical follow-up study. Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry. 2020;32(1):12-18.
4. 4. Rezende M, Loguercio AD, Reis A, et al. Clinical effects of exposure to coffee during at-home vital bleaching. Operative Dentistry. 2013;38(6):229-236.
5. 5. Barbosa LM, Amâncio Filha MBG, Leite JVC, et al. Over-the-counter products in tooth bleaching: A scoping review. Journal of Dentistry. 2024; 145:104989.
6. 6. Darriba L, Novoa L. Efficacy of different protocols for at-home bleaching: A randomized clinical trial. American Journal of Dentistry. 2017;30(4):145-148.
7. 7. Parameswaran V, Anilkumar S, Lylajam S, Rajesh C, Narayan V. Comparison of accuracies of an intraoral spectrophotometer and conventional visual method for shade matching using two shade guide systems. Journal of Indian Prosthodontist Society. 2016; 16(4):352-358.
8. 8. Chu SJ, Trushkowsky RD, Paravina RD. Dental color matching instruments and systems: Review of clinical and research aspects. Journal of Dentistry. 2010; 38(Suppl.2): e2-e16.

9. 9. Lee YK, Yu B. Lightness, chroma, and hue distributions of a shade guide as measured by a spectroradiometer. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2010; 104(6):361-368.
10. 10. Sarafianou A, Kamposiora P, Papavasiliou G, Goula H. Matching repeatability and interdevice agreement of two intraoral spectrophotometers. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2012; 108(3):190-195.
11. 11. Judeh A, Al-Wahadni A. A comparison between conventional visual and spectrophotometric methods for shade selection. Quintessence International. 2009; 40(8):653-659.
12. 12. Kim-Pusateri S, Brewer JD, Davis EL, Wee AG. Reliability and accuracy of four dental shade-matching devices. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2009; 101(3):193-199.
13. 13. Paul S, Peter A, Pietrobon N, Hämmerle CHF. Visual and spectrophotometric shade analysis of human teeth. Journal of Dental Research.2002; 81(8):578-582.
14. 14. Zenthöfer A, Cabrera T, Corcodel N, Rammelsberg P, Hassel AJ. Comparison of the Easyshade Compact and Advance in vitro and in vivo. Clinical Oral Investigations. 2014; 18(5):1473-1479.
15. 15. Pointer MR, Attridge GG. The number of discernible colours. Color Research & Application: Endorsed by Inter‐ Joiner A. The bleaching of teeth: a review of the literature. Journal of Dentistry. 2006; 34(7):412-419.
16. 16. Ghinea R, Pérez MM, Herrera LJ, Rivas MJ. Color difference thresholds in dental ceramics. Journal of Dentistry. 2010; 38(4): e1-e7.
17. 17. Paravina RD, Pérez MM, Ghinea R. Acceptability and perceptibility thresholds in dentistry: A comprehensive review of clinical and research applications. Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry, 2019; 31(2), 103-112.
18. 18. Pérez M del M, Ghinea R, Herrera LJ, Ionescu AM, Pomares H, Pulgar R, Paravina RD. Dental ceramics: a CIEDE2000 acceptability thresholds for lightness, chroma, and hue differences. Journal of Dentistry. 2011; 39(S1): e37-e44
19. 19. Ozdemir ZM, Surmelioglu D. Effects of different bleaching application time on tooth color and mineral alteration. Ann. Anat.-Anat. Anz. 2021; 233: 151590.
20. 20. Mondelli RF, Azevedo JF, Francisconi AC, Almeida CM, Ishikiriama SK. Comparative clinical study of the effectiveness of different dental bleaching methods—Two year follow-up. J. Appl. Oral. Sci. 2012; 20: 435–443.
21. 21. Tsujimoto A, Jurado CA, Sayed ME, Fischer NG, Takamizawa T, Latta M.A.; Miyazaki, M, Garcia-Godoy F. Influence of light irradiation for in-office tooth whitening: A randomized clinical study. Am. J. Dent. 2021; 34: 201–204.
22. 22. Joiner A. The bleaching of teeth: a review of the literature. Journal of Dentistry. 2006; 34(7):412-419.
23. 23. Nathoo S, Stewart B, Petrone ME, et al. Comparative clinical investigation of the tooth whitening efficacy of two tooth whitening gels. The Journal of Clinical Dentistry. 2003;14(3):64-69.
24. 24. Mailart MC, Sakassegawa PA, Torres CRG, Palo RM, Borges AB. Assessment of peroxide in saliva during and after at-home bleaching with 10% carbamide and hydrogen peroxide gels: a clinical crossover trial. Operative Dentistry. 2020;45(4):368-376.
25. 25. Barbosa LM, Amâncio Filha MBG, Leite JVC, Santos JV do N, Medeiros JM, Oliveira ILM, Pecho OE, Meireles SS et al. Over-the-counter products in tooth bleaching: A scoping review. Journal of Dentistry. 2024; 145:104989.
26. 26. Kwon SR, Wertz PW. Review of the mechanism of tooth whitening. Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry. 2015; 27(5):240-257.