ÇOCUK DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİNDE GENEL ANESTEZİ

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 696 - 705, 24.08.2022

Büşra Karaduran , Sezen Kumaş Solak , Mine Koruyucu

https://doi.org/10.15311/selcukdentj.961790

Öz

Diş çürükleri çocuklarda oldukça yaygın görülen ve genel sağlığı olumsuz yönde etkileyebilen kronik bir hastalıktır. Çocuklarda ağrıya, beslenme problemleri gibi genel sağlık sorunlarına ve psikolojik problemlere yol açabilmektedir; bu nedenle tedavi edilmeleri gerekmektedir. Her çocuk, rutin bir şekilde klinik ortamında tedavi edilemeyebilmekte ve ekstra davranış yönlendirme tekniklerine ihtiyaç duyulabilmektedir. Koopere olmayan ve engelli çocukların dental tedavileri uygun ve gerekli endikasyon değerlendirmesi yapıldıktan ve oluşabilecek komplikasyonlar ile yarar-zarar ilişkisi değerlendirildikten sonra ileri davranış yönlendirme tekniklerinden olan genel anestezi ile tedavi edilebilmektedir. Genel anestezi altında dental tedavinin yapılması kararının verilmesinden önce sedasyon dahil olmak üzere tüm olası alternatif tedavi yolları değerlendirilmeli ve aile bu konu hakkında detaylı şekilde bilgilendirilmelidir. Diş hekimleri genel anestezi uygulamasının endikasyonları, kontraendikasyonları ve komplikasyonları hakkında detaylı bilgiye sahip olmalıdır; anestezi uzmanları ile işbirliği içerisinde olmalıdır. Hastaların tedavi öncesinde detaylı bir şekilde genel sağlık durumunun ve ağız sağlığının değerlendirilmesi, hastaların tedavi planlamasının yapılması gerekmektedir. Böylece hastaya özel tedavi yaklaşımı ile oluşabilecek komplikasyonların ve ileride tekrarlayabilecek tedavi gereksinimlerinin önüne geçilebilmesi mümkün olabilmektedir. Genel anestezi altında gerçekleştirilen dental tedavilerin başarı oranı uygulanan tedavi prosedürüne, tercih edilen restoratif materyale, tedavi sonrasındaki oral hijyen alışkanlıklarına ve hastanın diyet özelliklerine bağlı olabilmektedir. Önemli olan hastaya kalıcı oral hijyen alışkanlığının kazandırılması ve geleceğe yönelik olumlu davranışların oluşmasını sağlayabilmektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çocuk, dental tedavi, genel anestezi

GENERAL ANESTHESIA IN PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY

Öz

Dental caries is a chronic disease that is very common in children and it can negatively affect general health. It can cause pain, general health problems such as nutritional problems and psychological problems in children; therefore they need to be treated. Not all children can be treated routinely in the clinical setting and additional behavior management techniques may be needed. Dental care of uncooperative and disabled children can be treated under general anesthesia, which is one of the advanced behavior management techniques, after appropriate and necessary indications are evaluated and complications that may occur and the benefit-harm relationship are evaluated. Before making the decision to perform dental care under general anesthesia, all possible alternative routes including sedation should be evaluated and the family should be informed in detail about this issue. Dentists should have detailed information about the indications, contraindications and complications of general anesthesia. Dentists should cooperate with anesthesiologists. Patients should be evaluated their general health and oral health in detail before treatment, and should be planned for treatment. Thus, it is possible to prevent complications and the need for recurrent treatment in the future that may occur with a patient-specific treatment approach. The success rate of dental care performed under general anesthesia may depend on the treatment procedure applied, the preferred restorative material, the oral hygiene habits after the treatment and the dietary characteristics of the patient. The important thing is that the patient has a permanent oral hygiene habit.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Child, dental care, general anesthesia

Kaynakça

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