Araştırma Makalesi
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ÜNİVERSİTE DÜZEYİNDE HARÇLIK ÖDENEKLERİNDE TOPLUMSAL CİNSİYET EŞİTSİZLİĞİ ( AFGANİSTAN’IN TAKHAR VE BAGHLAN ÜNİVERSİTELERİNDE BİR UYGULAMA)

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 189 - 199, 23.09.2019

Öz

Toplumsal Cinsiyet eşitsizliği iktisadi ve sosyal
entegrasyona karşı büyük bir engel olarak görülmektedir. Bu konuyla ilgili çok
sayıda araştırma bulunduğuna rağmen üniversite düzeyinde çok az inceleme
yapılmıştır.
Bu bağlamda Afgan kadınları geçen 40
yıllık savaş nedeni büyük oranda dünyanın diğer ülkelerine kıyasla daha fazla ayrımcılığa
maruz kalmışlardır.
Bu araştırmanın amacı kız ve erkek çocukların
ailelerinden aldıkları aylık ödeneklerinde toplumsal cinsiyetin etkisinin
incelenmesidir. Araştırmada toplam 331 anket, Takhar üniversitesi (151 anket)
ve Baghlan üniversitesi (180 anket)’den, 81 kız ve 250 erkek olarak
toplanmıştır. Verileri toplumsal cinsiyete ayran analizlerin sonuçlara
bakılırsa her iki üniversitede kızlar ailelerin aylık ödeneklerinde ayrımcılığa
uğramaları görülmektedir. Kızlar için aile gelirinin bir birim yükselmesi aylık
ödemeyi 0.038 birim artırırken, erkekler içinse 0.056 birim artışı %99 anlamlılık
düzeyinde göstermektedir. Babaların eğitim düzeyi, kızların aileden aldıkları
parayı olumlu etkilerken aile sayısı bu durumu olumsuz etkilemektedir. Her iki
üniversite için yapılan analizlerin sonucu ise kızların aylık ödemelerinde
erkeklere kıyasla 1052 AFN (14
$ ocak 2019) daha az ödeme
elde ettikleri görülmektedir. Yani kızlar cinsiyetleri için ayrımcılığa maruz
kalmaktadırlar. 

Kaynakça

  • Ahmed, F., Siwar, C., & Hj. Idris, N. A. (2011). Contribution of Rural Women to Family Income Through Participation in Microcredit: An Empirical Analysis. American Journal of Applied Sciences, 8(3), 238-245.
  • Akseer, T., Haidary, M. S., Maxwell-Jones, C., Sadat, S. M., Swift, D., Veenstra, K., & Yousufzai, F. A. (2018). Afghanistan in 2018, A Survey of the Afghan People. Kabul: Asian Foundation.
  • Ayferam, G. (2015). Assessment of the Roles and Constraints of Women in Economic Development of Ethiopia: The Case of Ambo Town Since 199. Political Sciences & Public Affairs, 3(1), 1-11.
  • Birdsall, N., Levine, R., & Ibrahim, A. (2005). Towards Universal Primary Education: Investments, Incentives, and Institutions. European Journal of Education, 40(3), 337-349.
  • Central Statistics Organization. (2014). National Risk and Vulnerability Assessment 2011-12. Afghanistan Living Condition Surve. Kabul: CSO.
  • Furnham, A., & Thomas, P. (1984 ). Pocket money: A study of economic education. British Journal of Developmental Psychology , 2(3), 205-212. doi:10.1111/j.2044-835X.1984.tb00926.x
  • Halifax-Press-Team. (2015). Children’s Pocket Money Falls for the Second Year in a Row. London: Halifax.
  • Kelsey, C. L. (2013). Gender inequality: Empowering women . Journal of Legal Issues and Cases in Business, 1-7.
  • Maletta, H. (2003). WOMEN AT WORK: Gender, wealth, wages and employment in rural Afghanistan, 2002-2003. Kabul: USAID and Federal Republic of Germany.
  • McCarney, R. A. (1991). Household Food Security and the Role of Women in Africa. Third World Legal Studies, 10, 157-179.
  • Qin, M., Brown, J. J., Padmadas, S. S., Li, B., Qi, J., & Falkingham, J. (2016). Gender Inequalities in Employment and Wage Earning Among Internal Labour Migrants in Chinese Cities. Demographic Research, 34(6), 175-202.
  • Sheheli, S. (2012). Improving Livelihood of Rural Women through Income Generating Activities in Bangladesh. Berlin: Humboldt-Universität.

GENDER INEQUALITY IN STUDENTS’ MONTHLY ALLOWANCE IN UNIVERSITY LEVEL (A CASE STUDY OF TAKHAR AND BAGHLAN UNIVERSITIES - AFG)

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 189 - 199, 23.09.2019

Öz

As
gender inequality is one of the major burdens towards social integration and
economic activities. There are lots of research in this field, but we do lack
of research in the university level. In this context Afghan women in compare to
other part of the world, face more discrimination as a result of 40 years of
war. The aim of this study is to analyze the differences between boys and girls
in family’s monthly allowance to them as university students. In this study 331
questionnaires’ have been collected from both Takhar (151 questionnaires) and
Baghlan (180); Universities’ with gender composition of 81 girls and 250 boys. The
results from gender divided data shows, that every AFN increase in household
income, increases the monthly allowance about 0.038 for girls while boys will
experience 0.056 AFN increase, both parameters are in %99 confidence level.
Also every additional year of education of father has a positive impact on
allowance to girls but the household size affects in negative direction. The
results shows that in both universities the girls are facing a discrimination
in receiving the monthly allowances. In both Universities the girls are
receiving 1052AFN ($14 as of Jan 2019) less money than boys. Every AFN increase
in households’ income increase the amount of allowance by 0.014 AFNs.
The girls are facing
discrimination because of their sex. 

Kaynakça

  • Ahmed, F., Siwar, C., & Hj. Idris, N. A. (2011). Contribution of Rural Women to Family Income Through Participation in Microcredit: An Empirical Analysis. American Journal of Applied Sciences, 8(3), 238-245.
  • Akseer, T., Haidary, M. S., Maxwell-Jones, C., Sadat, S. M., Swift, D., Veenstra, K., & Yousufzai, F. A. (2018). Afghanistan in 2018, A Survey of the Afghan People. Kabul: Asian Foundation.
  • Ayferam, G. (2015). Assessment of the Roles and Constraints of Women in Economic Development of Ethiopia: The Case of Ambo Town Since 199. Political Sciences & Public Affairs, 3(1), 1-11.
  • Birdsall, N., Levine, R., & Ibrahim, A. (2005). Towards Universal Primary Education: Investments, Incentives, and Institutions. European Journal of Education, 40(3), 337-349.
  • Central Statistics Organization. (2014). National Risk and Vulnerability Assessment 2011-12. Afghanistan Living Condition Surve. Kabul: CSO.
  • Furnham, A., & Thomas, P. (1984 ). Pocket money: A study of economic education. British Journal of Developmental Psychology , 2(3), 205-212. doi:10.1111/j.2044-835X.1984.tb00926.x
  • Halifax-Press-Team. (2015). Children’s Pocket Money Falls for the Second Year in a Row. London: Halifax.
  • Kelsey, C. L. (2013). Gender inequality: Empowering women . Journal of Legal Issues and Cases in Business, 1-7.
  • Maletta, H. (2003). WOMEN AT WORK: Gender, wealth, wages and employment in rural Afghanistan, 2002-2003. Kabul: USAID and Federal Republic of Germany.
  • McCarney, R. A. (1991). Household Food Security and the Role of Women in Africa. Third World Legal Studies, 10, 157-179.
  • Qin, M., Brown, J. J., Padmadas, S. S., Li, B., Qi, J., & Falkingham, J. (2016). Gender Inequalities in Employment and Wage Earning Among Internal Labour Migrants in Chinese Cities. Demographic Research, 34(6), 175-202.
  • Sheheli, S. (2012). Improving Livelihood of Rural Women through Income Generating Activities in Bangladesh. Berlin: Humboldt-Universität.
Toplam 12 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Ekonomi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Jamshid Yolchi 0000-0002-2710-8092

Yayımlanma Tarihi 23 Eylül 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Yolchi, J. (2019). GENDER INEQUALITY IN STUDENTS’ MONTHLY ALLOWANCE IN UNIVERSITY LEVEL (A CASE STUDY OF TAKHAR AND BAGHLAN UNIVERSITIES - AFG). Sakarya İktisat Dergisi, 8(3), 189-199.