Donald Trump Yönetimi Politikalarının Tarihsel Açıdan Değerlendirilmesi: Andrew Jackson Dönemi ile Bir Karşılaştırma

Year 2020, Volume: 29 Issue: 2, 431 - 457, 30.10.2020

Şener Çelik

https://doi.org/10.26650/siyasal.2020.29.2.0064

Abstract

Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nin 45. Başkanı Donald J. Trump, göreve geldiği tarihten bugüne iç ve dış politikada muhafazakar/sağ bir duruş benimsemiştir. Bu duruş doğrultusunda, ülkedeki göçmen veya sığınmacılara karşı yabancı düşmanlığına varan ayrımcı uygulamalara girişmiş; kuvvet kullanma konusunda, sert retoriğine rağmen askeri müdahalelerden kaçınmış; uluslararası ticarette ise korumacı bir politika takip etmiştir. Trump, ABD’deki akademik çevrelerde ve medyada son dönemde bu özellikleri nedeniyle ülkenin 7. Başkanı Andrew Jackson ile karşılaştırılmış, ülkenin iç ve dış politikasının Jacksoncu yaklaşım olarak tanımlanan bir eksene kaydığı iddia edilmeye başlanmıştır. Jackson, Kuzey Amerika Yerlilerine karşı izlediği düşmanca politikalar nedeniyle yabancı düşmanlığıyla suçlanmış; kuvvet kullanmaktan kaçınması nedeniyle de tecritçi ve müdahale karşıtı bir lider olarak tanınmıştır. Öte yandan, uluslararası ticarete yaklaşımı liberal bir çizgiye yakın olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, iki devlet adamı, yabancılar politikası, kuvvet kullanma politikası ve uluslararası ticaret politikası bağlamlarında karşılaştırılarak, aralarındaki benzerlik ve farklılıklar incelenmiş, günümüz ABD politikalarının tarihsel perspektiften değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Keywords

Jackson, Trump, Muhafazakarlık, Tecritçilik, Yabancı düşmanlığı, Müdahale karşıtlığı

Supporting Institution

Yazar bu çalışma için finansal destek almadığını beyan etmiştir.

Assessment of Donald Trump Administration’s Policies Historically: A Comparison with the Andrew Jackson Era

Abstract

Donald J. Trump, the 45th President of the United States of America, has adopted a conservative/right wing stance in domestic and foreign policy since his inauguration. In line with this stance, he embarked on discriminatory practices that led to xenophobia towards migrants and asylum seekers in the country; avoided military intervention in spite of his harsh rhetoric on the use of force abroad; and followed a protective policy in international trade. Trump has recently been compared to the 7th President, Andrew Jackson, in American academic circles and media, claiming that the country’s domestic and foreign policy shifted to an axis defined as the Jacksonian approach. Jackson was accused of xenophobia because of his hostile policies towards North American Indians; and was recognized as an isolationist and non-interventionist in avoiding the use of force. On the other hand, his approach to international trade was close to a liberal attitude. In this study, the similarities and differences between two statesmen were examined in terms of foreigners’ policy, use of force policy and international trade policy, so that, it aimed to evaluate contemporary United States policies from a historical perspective.

Keywords

Jackson, Trump, Conservatism, Isolationism, Xenophobia, Non-interventionism

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