BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Acil Servise Başvuran Beş Yaş Altındaki Çocuklarda Yaz Dönemi İshallerinin Sosyodemografik Dağılımı

Yıl 2009, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3, 17 - 23, 01.06.2009

Öz

Amaç: Yaz ishalleri özellikle az gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde sık görülmektedir. Çalışmamızda Ankara Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Çocuk Acil Servisine 1 Temmuz- 30 Eylül yaz döneminde başvuran 0-5 yaş grubundaki ishal olgularının sosyodemografik dağılımı incelendi.Gereç - Yöntem: 0-5 yaş grubundaki 961 akut ishal olgusu incelendi. Olguların öykü ve fizik muayenelerini takiben ebeveynlerle yüzyüze görüşme tekniği ile hazırlanan anket formu dolduruldu.Bulgular: Olguların %97.3’ünde ateş, %94.3’ünde kusma eşlik etmekte idi. Olguların %83.4’ünde gaita mikroskopisi normal olup %11.3’ünde Amip veya Giardia trofozoid ve kistleri saptandı. Gaitası sulu-mukuslu olan grupta Trofozoid ve kist miktarları daha yüksek idi (%44). Olguların %99.2’sinde gaita kültüründe üreme saptanmadı. Olguların %83.1’inde evde yaşayan kişi sayısı üç %0.6’sında 6 kişi ve üzerindeydi. Altı kişi ve daha üzeri olan grup % 0.6 idi. Olguların %11.9’unda anne okur-yazar değilken, bu oran babalarda %3.2 idi. Olguların % 77.4’ü içme suyu kaynağı olarak şehir şebeke suyunu kullanmakta idi. Olguların %66.1’i her yemekten önce düzenli su ile el yıkadığını söylerken %10.5’i yemekten önce elini sabunla yıkamıyordu. Olguların %50.5’i ishalin 24-48’inci, %29.9’u 48-72’inci saatlerinde acil servise başvurmuştu.Sonuç: Yaz aylarında ishal nedeniyle çocuk acil servisine başvuran olgu sayısı fazladır. Bu mevsimde kontamine su ve gıdaların daha çok tüketilmesi ishalin yaygınlaşmasına neden olmaktadır. İshalin önlenmesinde kişisel hijyen tek başına yeterli değildir, bir halk sağlığı sorunu olarak ele alınması gerekmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Kosek M, Bern C, Guerrant RL. The global buradan of diarrhoeal disease, as estimated from studies published between 1992 and Bull World Health Organ 2003; 81:197-204.
  • TC. Hükümeti-Unicef İşbirliği Programı. Türkiye’de anne ve ço- cukların durum analizi. 1996;157-167: 319-321.
  • Suwatana O. Acute diarrhea in under five-year-old children admit- ted to King Monkut Prachomklao Hospital, Phetchaburi provin- ce. J Med Assoc Thai 1997;80:26-33.
  • Souza EC, Martinez MB, Taddei CR, Mukai L, Gilio AE, Racz ML, Silva L, Ejzenberg B, Okay Y. Etiologic profile of acute diarr- hea in children São Paulo. J Pediatr 2002; 78: 31-38.
  • Grame L, Barnes, Eric Uren. Etiology of acutebgastroenteritis in hospitalized in Children in Melbourne, Australia, from april 1980 to March 1993. J Pak Med Assoc. 2003;53:125-129.
  • Battikhi MN. Bloody diarrhoea cases caused by Shigella and amo- bea in Jordan. New Microbiol. 2004;27: 37-47.
  • Farmer K. Stool cultures in acute gastroenteritis. J Clin Microbiol ;36:133-138. Chan SS, Ng KC, Lam PK, Lyon DJ, Cheung WL, Rainer TH. Predictors of positive stool culture in adult patients with acute infectious diarrhea. J Emerg Med. 2002 ;23:125-130.
  • Albert MJ, Faruque AS, Faruque SM, Sack RB, Mahalanabis D. Case-control study of enteropathogenes associated with child- hood diarrhea in Dhaka, Bangladesh. J Clin Microbiol. 1999; :3458-3464.
  • Kurugöl Z, Geylani S, Karaca Y, Umay F, Erensoy S, Vardar F, Bak M, Yaprak I, Ozkinay F, Ozkinay C. Rotavirus gastroenteritis among children under five years of age in İzmir, Turkey. Turk J Pediatr 2003; 45:290-294.
  • Haque R, Mondal D, Kirkpatrick BD, Akther S, Farr BM, Sack RB, Petri WA Jr. Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of acu- te diarrhea with emphasis on entamoeba histolytica infections in preschool children in an urban slum of Dhaka, Bengladesh. Am j Trop Hyg 2003;69:398-405.
  • Ghazi HO, Khan MA, Telmesani AM, Idress B, Mahomed MF. Rotavirus infection in infants and young children in Makkah, Sau- di Arabia J Pak Med Assoc 2005; 55:231-234.
  • Khalili B, Cuevas LE, Reisi N, Dove W, Cunliffe NA, Hart CA. Epidemiology of rotavirus diarrhoea in Iranian children J Med Virol. 2004;73:309-312.
  • Denno DM, Stapp JR, Boster DR, Qin X, Clausen CR, Del Bec- caro KH, Swerdlow DL, Braden CR, Tarr PI. Etiology of diarrhea in pediatric outpatient settings. Pediatr Infect Dis J.2005;24:142
  • Sonez CA, Mugnaini MT, Godino S, Soñez MV, Sánchez O, Fernández S. Acute infectious gastroenteritis in Rio Cuarto: clinic, diagnosis and epidemiology with special reference to viral infecti- ons. Rev Fac Cien Med Univ Nac Cordoba 2002;59: 45-55.
  • Grisaru–Soen G, Wysoki MG, Keller N. Risk factors for deve- lopment of nontyphoid Salmonella bacteremia. Clin Pediatr ;43:825-829. Ceyhan M, Karna G, Yeniay I, Ciliv G, Vesikari T. Rotaviruses in infants with diarrhoea in Ankara, Turkey, studied by viral RNA electrophoresis. J Pediatr 1987; 29:145-149.
  • Khan-Mohammed Z, Adesiyun AA, Swanston WH, Chadee DD. Frequency and characteristics of selected enteropathogens in fecal and rectal specimens from childhood diarrhea in Trinidad, 1998
  • Rev Panam Salud Publica 2005;17:170-177.
  • Levine MM, Ferreccio C, Prado V, Cayazzo M, Abrego P, Marti- nez J, Maggi L, Baldini MM, Martin W, Maneval D, et al. Epide- miologic studies of Escherichia col diarrheal infections in a low socioeconomic level peri-urban community in Santiago, Chile. Am J Epidemiol. 1993;138: 849-869.
  • Haque R, Faruque AS, Hahn P, Lyerly DM, Petri WA Jr . Enta- moeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar infection in children in Bangladesh. J Infect Dis. 1997;175:734-736.
  • Tawfeek HI, Najim NH, al-Mashikhi S. Studies on diarrhoeal ill- ness among hospitalized children under 5 years of age in Baghdad during 1990-97. East Mediterr Health J 2002;8:181-188.
  • Kale PL, Andreozzi VL, Nobre FF. Time series analysis of deaths to diarrhoea in children in Rio de Jenario, Brazil, 1980-1998. J Health Popul Nutr 2004; 22:27-33.
  • Pancharoen C, Niwattanakanjana N, Mekmullica J, Chongsrisawat V. Hospital- based epidemiology of childhood cholera: a 6-year review in a university hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. J Med Assoc Thai. 2004;87:59-61.
  • Matsuo M, Takase T, Inoue Y, Ishino T, Tsuji Y, Kaku M . Epide- mic of salmonella enteriridis infection of childhood in the nort- hern area of Nagasaki. Kansenshogaku zasshi. 1995;69:291-296.
  • Rowe PC, Orrbine E, Lior H, Wells GA, McLaine PN. Diarrhoea in close contacts as a risk factor for childhod haemolytic uraemic syndrome. The CPKDRC co-investigators. Epidemiol Infect. ;110:9-16. Ndiaye O, Sylla A, Diagne I, Sall NM, Ouattara A, Diouf S, To- ure A, Moreira C, Sall MG, Ba M, Kuakuvi N. Hemolytic uremic syndrome: a complication of acute gastroenteritis in children. Da- kar Med 2001;46: 25-28.
  • Zarnani AH, Modarres Sh, Jadali F, Sabahi F, Moazze- ni SM, Vazirian F. Role of rotaviruses in children with acu- te diarrhea in Tehran, Iran. J Clin Virol 2004;29:189-193.
  • Bozkurt AI, Ozgür S, Ozçirpici B. Association between ha- usehold conditions and diarrheal diseases among children in Turkey : a cohort study. Pediatr Int.2003;45: 443-451.
  • Luby SP, Agboatwalla M, Hoekstra RM, Rahbar MH, Billhimer W, Keswick BH. Delayed effectivenes of home-based interventi- ons in reducing childhood diarrhea, Karachi, Pakistan. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2004;71:420-427.
  • Sonez CA, Mugnaini MT, Godino S, Soñez MV, Sánchez O, Fernández S. Acute infectious gastroenteritis in Rio Cuarto: cli- nic, diagnosis and epidemiology with special reference to viral in- fections. Rev Fac Cien Med Univ Nac Cordoba. 2002;59: 45-55.
  • Crotti D, D’Annibale ML, Fanzo G, Medori MC, Ubaldi M. En- teric infections in Perugia’s area: laboratory diagnosis, clinical as- pects and epidemiology during 2001. Infez Med 2002; 10:81-87.

SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF SUMMER SEASON DIARREHEA IN CHILDREN BELOW 5 YEARS WHO WERE TAKEN TO THE EMERGENCY SERVICE

Yıl 2009, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3, 17 - 23, 01.06.2009

Öz

Objective: Summer season diarrheas are common especially in the underdeveloped and developing countries. Material-Methods: In our study, 961 acute diarrhea cases who were within the age range of 0-5 years and who applied to the Child Emergency Service of the Ankara Education and Research Hospital during the period of 1 July-30 September 2006 were analysed. Results: 97.3% of the cases were accompanied with fever and 94.3% of them were accompanied with vomiting. In 83.4% of the cases fecal microscopies were normal, in 11.3% of them ne trofozoid+kist were found. In the group with mucoid stools with mucus trofozoid+kists were higher (44%). In 99.2% of the stool culture did not yield any microorganism. In 83.1% of the cases, the number of households was three, while 0.6% of them was having six or more. In 11.9% of the caeses the mother was illeterate while this figure was 3.2% for the fathers. 66.1% of the cases declared that they were washing hands regularly before each meal however only 10.5% of them were using soap. 50.5% of the cases admitled during the 24-48th hours of the diarrhea while 29.9% of them applied during the 48-72nd hours of the diarrhea.Conclusion: To conclude, the number of the cases applying to the child emergency services because of acute diarrhea during the summer is high. More consumption of contaminated water and food during this season results in the spread of diarrhea. With this research we wanted to draw attention to the characteristics of diarrheas seen in summer and to the precautions to be taken

Kaynakça

  • Kosek M, Bern C, Guerrant RL. The global buradan of diarrhoeal disease, as estimated from studies published between 1992 and Bull World Health Organ 2003; 81:197-204.
  • TC. Hükümeti-Unicef İşbirliği Programı. Türkiye’de anne ve ço- cukların durum analizi. 1996;157-167: 319-321.
  • Suwatana O. Acute diarrhea in under five-year-old children admit- ted to King Monkut Prachomklao Hospital, Phetchaburi provin- ce. J Med Assoc Thai 1997;80:26-33.
  • Souza EC, Martinez MB, Taddei CR, Mukai L, Gilio AE, Racz ML, Silva L, Ejzenberg B, Okay Y. Etiologic profile of acute diarr- hea in children São Paulo. J Pediatr 2002; 78: 31-38.
  • Grame L, Barnes, Eric Uren. Etiology of acutebgastroenteritis in hospitalized in Children in Melbourne, Australia, from april 1980 to March 1993. J Pak Med Assoc. 2003;53:125-129.
  • Battikhi MN. Bloody diarrhoea cases caused by Shigella and amo- bea in Jordan. New Microbiol. 2004;27: 37-47.
  • Farmer K. Stool cultures in acute gastroenteritis. J Clin Microbiol ;36:133-138. Chan SS, Ng KC, Lam PK, Lyon DJ, Cheung WL, Rainer TH. Predictors of positive stool culture in adult patients with acute infectious diarrhea. J Emerg Med. 2002 ;23:125-130.
  • Albert MJ, Faruque AS, Faruque SM, Sack RB, Mahalanabis D. Case-control study of enteropathogenes associated with child- hood diarrhea in Dhaka, Bangladesh. J Clin Microbiol. 1999; :3458-3464.
  • Kurugöl Z, Geylani S, Karaca Y, Umay F, Erensoy S, Vardar F, Bak M, Yaprak I, Ozkinay F, Ozkinay C. Rotavirus gastroenteritis among children under five years of age in İzmir, Turkey. Turk J Pediatr 2003; 45:290-294.
  • Haque R, Mondal D, Kirkpatrick BD, Akther S, Farr BM, Sack RB, Petri WA Jr. Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of acu- te diarrhea with emphasis on entamoeba histolytica infections in preschool children in an urban slum of Dhaka, Bengladesh. Am j Trop Hyg 2003;69:398-405.
  • Ghazi HO, Khan MA, Telmesani AM, Idress B, Mahomed MF. Rotavirus infection in infants and young children in Makkah, Sau- di Arabia J Pak Med Assoc 2005; 55:231-234.
  • Khalili B, Cuevas LE, Reisi N, Dove W, Cunliffe NA, Hart CA. Epidemiology of rotavirus diarrhoea in Iranian children J Med Virol. 2004;73:309-312.
  • Denno DM, Stapp JR, Boster DR, Qin X, Clausen CR, Del Bec- caro KH, Swerdlow DL, Braden CR, Tarr PI. Etiology of diarrhea in pediatric outpatient settings. Pediatr Infect Dis J.2005;24:142
  • Sonez CA, Mugnaini MT, Godino S, Soñez MV, Sánchez O, Fernández S. Acute infectious gastroenteritis in Rio Cuarto: clinic, diagnosis and epidemiology with special reference to viral infecti- ons. Rev Fac Cien Med Univ Nac Cordoba 2002;59: 45-55.
  • Grisaru–Soen G, Wysoki MG, Keller N. Risk factors for deve- lopment of nontyphoid Salmonella bacteremia. Clin Pediatr ;43:825-829. Ceyhan M, Karna G, Yeniay I, Ciliv G, Vesikari T. Rotaviruses in infants with diarrhoea in Ankara, Turkey, studied by viral RNA electrophoresis. J Pediatr 1987; 29:145-149.
  • Khan-Mohammed Z, Adesiyun AA, Swanston WH, Chadee DD. Frequency and characteristics of selected enteropathogens in fecal and rectal specimens from childhood diarrhea in Trinidad, 1998
  • Rev Panam Salud Publica 2005;17:170-177.
  • Levine MM, Ferreccio C, Prado V, Cayazzo M, Abrego P, Marti- nez J, Maggi L, Baldini MM, Martin W, Maneval D, et al. Epide- miologic studies of Escherichia col diarrheal infections in a low socioeconomic level peri-urban community in Santiago, Chile. Am J Epidemiol. 1993;138: 849-869.
  • Haque R, Faruque AS, Hahn P, Lyerly DM, Petri WA Jr . Enta- moeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar infection in children in Bangladesh. J Infect Dis. 1997;175:734-736.
  • Tawfeek HI, Najim NH, al-Mashikhi S. Studies on diarrhoeal ill- ness among hospitalized children under 5 years of age in Baghdad during 1990-97. East Mediterr Health J 2002;8:181-188.
  • Kale PL, Andreozzi VL, Nobre FF. Time series analysis of deaths to diarrhoea in children in Rio de Jenario, Brazil, 1980-1998. J Health Popul Nutr 2004; 22:27-33.
  • Pancharoen C, Niwattanakanjana N, Mekmullica J, Chongsrisawat V. Hospital- based epidemiology of childhood cholera: a 6-year review in a university hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. J Med Assoc Thai. 2004;87:59-61.
  • Matsuo M, Takase T, Inoue Y, Ishino T, Tsuji Y, Kaku M . Epide- mic of salmonella enteriridis infection of childhood in the nort- hern area of Nagasaki. Kansenshogaku zasshi. 1995;69:291-296.
  • Rowe PC, Orrbine E, Lior H, Wells GA, McLaine PN. Diarrhoea in close contacts as a risk factor for childhod haemolytic uraemic syndrome. The CPKDRC co-investigators. Epidemiol Infect. ;110:9-16. Ndiaye O, Sylla A, Diagne I, Sall NM, Ouattara A, Diouf S, To- ure A, Moreira C, Sall MG, Ba M, Kuakuvi N. Hemolytic uremic syndrome: a complication of acute gastroenteritis in children. Da- kar Med 2001;46: 25-28.
  • Zarnani AH, Modarres Sh, Jadali F, Sabahi F, Moazze- ni SM, Vazirian F. Role of rotaviruses in children with acu- te diarrhea in Tehran, Iran. J Clin Virol 2004;29:189-193.
  • Bozkurt AI, Ozgür S, Ozçirpici B. Association between ha- usehold conditions and diarrheal diseases among children in Turkey : a cohort study. Pediatr Int.2003;45: 443-451.
  • Luby SP, Agboatwalla M, Hoekstra RM, Rahbar MH, Billhimer W, Keswick BH. Delayed effectivenes of home-based interventi- ons in reducing childhood diarrhea, Karachi, Pakistan. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2004;71:420-427.
  • Sonez CA, Mugnaini MT, Godino S, Soñez MV, Sánchez O, Fernández S. Acute infectious gastroenteritis in Rio Cuarto: cli- nic, diagnosis and epidemiology with special reference to viral in- fections. Rev Fac Cien Med Univ Nac Cordoba. 2002;59: 45-55.
  • Crotti D, D’Annibale ML, Fanzo G, Medori MC, Ubaldi M. En- teric infections in Perugia’s area: laboratory diagnosis, clinical as- pects and epidemiology during 2001. Infez Med 2002; 10:81-87.
Toplam 29 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Diğer ID JA42MZ42SZ
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Tülin Çataklı Bu kişi benim

İlknur Bostancı Bu kişi benim

Yıldız Dallar Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2009
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Haziran 2009
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2009 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Çataklı T, Bostancı İ, Dallar Y. SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF SUMMER SEASON DIARREHEA IN CHILDREN BELOW 5 YEARS WHO WERE TAKEN TO THE EMERGENCY SERVICE. Türkiye Çocuk Hast Derg. 2009;3(3):17-23.

13548  21005     13550