Bajaj, B., & Pande, N. (2016). Mediating role of resilience in the impact of mindfulness on life satisfaction and affect as indices of subjective well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 93, 63-67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.09.005
Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136-162). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Büyükgöze-Kavas, A., & Autin, K. L. (2019). Decent work in Turkey: Context, conceptualization, and assessment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 112, 64-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2019.01.006
Büyükgöze-Kavas, A., Duffy, R. D., & Douglass, R. P. (2015). Exploring links between career adaptability, work volition, and well-being among Turkish students. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 90, 122-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2015.08.006
Cabras, C., & Mondo, M. (2018). Future orientation as a mediator between career adaptability and life satisfaction in university students. Journal of Career Development, 45(6), 597-609. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845317727616
Cohn, M. A., Fredrickson, B. L., Brown, S. L., Mikels, J. A., & Conway, A. M. (2009). Happiness unpacked: Positive emotions increase life satisfaction by building resilience. Emotion, 9(3), 361-368. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015952
Di Maggio, I., Shogren, K. A., Wehmeyer, M. L., Nota, L., & Sgaramella, T. M. (2021). Career adaptability, self-determination, and life satisfaction: A mediational analysis with people with substance use disorder. Journal of Career Development, 48(3), 213-228. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845319847006
Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 95(3), 542-575. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.95.3.542
Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The Satisfaction with Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1), 71-75. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13
Diener, E., Suh, E. M., Lucas, R. E., & Smith, H. L. (1999). Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin, 125(2), 276-302. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.125.2.276
Doğan, T. (2015). Adaptation of the Brief Resilience Scale into Turkish: A validity and reliability study. The Journal of Happiness & Well-Being, 3(1), 93-102.
Durak, M., Şenol-Durak, E., & Gençöz, T. (2010). Psychometric properties of the satisfaction with life scale among Turkish university students, correctional officers, and elderly adults. Social Indicators Research, 99(3), 413-429. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-010-9589-4
European Statistics. (2020). Statistics on young people neither in employment nor in education or training. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Statistics_on_young_people_neither_in_employment_nor_in_education_or_training
European Statistics. (2021). Employment rates of recent graduates. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Employment_rates_of_recent_graduates#Employment_rates_of_recent_graduates
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Ginevra, M. C., Magnano, P., Lodi, E., Annovazzi, C., Camussi, E., Patrizi, P., & Nota, L. (2018). The role of career adaptability and courage on life satisfaction in adolescence. Journal of Adolescence, 62, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2017.11.002
Gündoğan, S. (2021). The mediator role of the fear of COVID-19 in the relationship between psychological resilience and life satisfaction. Current Psychology, 40(12), 6291-6299. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01525-w
Hartung, P. J. (2015). Life design in childhood: Antecedents and advancement. In L. Nota & J. Rossier (Eds.), Handbook of life design: From practice to theory and from theory to practice (pp. 89-101). Hogrefe.
Hartung, P. J., & Taber, B. J. (2008). Career construction and subjective well-being. Journal of Career Assessment, 16(1), 75-85. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072707305772
Hirschi, A. (2009). Career adaptability development in adolescence: Multiple predictors and effect on sense of power and life satisfaction. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74, 145-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.Jvb.2009.01.002
Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress. American Psychologist, 44, 513-524. http://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.44.3.513
Hobfoll, S. E. (2002). Social and psychological resources and adaptation. Review of General Psychology, 6(4), 307-324. http://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.6.4.307
Hobfoll, S. E. (2011). Conservation of resource caravans and engaged settings. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 84, 116-122. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.2010.02016.x
Hofstede, G., & Hofstede, G. J. (2005). Culture and organizations: Software of the mind (2nd Ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indices in covariance structure analysis: Conventional versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1-55. https://doi.org/10. 1080/10705519909540118
Hu, T., Zhang, D., & Wang, J. (2015). A meta-analysis of the trait resilience and mental health. Personality and Individual Differences, 76, 18-27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.11.039
İmamoğlu, E. O. (1998). Individualism and collectivism in a model and scale of balanced differentiation and integration. Journal of Psychology, 132, 95-105. http://dx. doi.org/10.1080/00223989809599268
Işık, E., Yeğin, F., Koyuncu, S., Eser, A., Çömlekciler, F., & Yıldırım, K. (2018). Validation of the Career Adapt-Abilities Scale–Short Form across different age groups in the Turkish context. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 18(3), 297-314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10775-018-9362-9
Jacelon, C. S. (1997). The trait and process of resilience. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 25(1), 123-129. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579400005812
Kalaitzaki, A., Tsouvelas, G., & Koukouli, S. (2021). Social capital, social support and perceived stress in college students: The role of resilience and life satisfaction. Stress and Health, 37(3), 454-465. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.3008
Karaman, M. A., Vela, J. C., & Garcia, C. (2020). Do hope and meaning of life mediate resilience and life satisfaction among Latinx students?. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 48(5), 685-696. https://doi.org/10.1080/03069885.2020.1760206
Kırdök, O., & Bölükbasi, A. (2018). The role of senior university students' career adaptability in predicting their subjective well-Being. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 6(5), 47-54.
Landis, R. S., Beal, D. J., & Tesluk, P. E. (2000). A comparison of approaches to forming composite measures in structural equation models. Organizational Research Methods, 3, 186-207. https:// doi.org/10.1177/109442810032003
Lerner, R. M. (2006). Resilience as an attribute of the developmental system. Annals of the New York Academy of Science, 1094, 40-51. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1376.005
Little, T. D., Rhemtulla, M., Gibson, K., & Schoemann, A. M. (2013). Why the items versus parcels controversy needn’t be one. Psychological Methods, 18(3), 285-300. https://doi.org/10.1037/ a0033266
Maggiori, C., Rossier, J., & Savickas, M. L. (2017). Career Adapt-Abilities Scale-Short Form (CAASSF): Construction and validation. Journal of Career Assessment, 25, 312-325. https://doi.org/10. 1177/1069072714565856
Magnano, P., Lodi, E., Zammitti, A., & Patrizi, P. (2021). Courage, career adaptability, and readiness as resources to improve well-being during the university-to-work transition in Italy. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(6), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062919
Mak, W. W. S., Ng, I. S. W., & Wong, C. C. Y. (2011). Resilience: Enhancing well-being through the positive cognitive triad. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 58(4), 610-617. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025195
Marcionetti, J., & Rossier, J. (2019). A longitudinal study of relations among adolescents’ self-esteem, general self-efficacy, career adaptability, and life satisfaction. Journal of Career Development, doi: 10.1177/0894845319861691
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The Mediating Role of Resilience between Career Adaptability and Life Satisfaction
This study sought to investigate the mediating role of resilience between career adaptability and life satisfaction among Turkish university students, drawing on the LD approach. A total of 287 university students, 226 (78.7%) of whom were female and 61 (21.3%) were male, participated in the study. Participants' ages varied, from 19 to 37, with a mean of 21.23 (SD = 2.36). The mediating role of resilience in the relationship between career adaptability and life satisfaction was tested using structural equation modelling. In this study, it was found that resilience has a partial mediating role in the relationship between career adaptability and life satisfaction. This finding shows that career adaptability positively predicts life satisfaction both directly and indirectly via resilience in university students. The results indicated that it is easier for university students with high career adaptability to adapt to adverse conditions and recover themselves. Thus, these university students may evaluate their lives as more satisfactory. Both theoretical and practical consequences of the study's findings are given.
Bajaj, B., & Pande, N. (2016). Mediating role of resilience in the impact of mindfulness on life satisfaction and affect as indices of subjective well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 93, 63-67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.09.005
Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136-162). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Büyükgöze-Kavas, A., & Autin, K. L. (2019). Decent work in Turkey: Context, conceptualization, and assessment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 112, 64-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2019.01.006
Büyükgöze-Kavas, A., Duffy, R. D., & Douglass, R. P. (2015). Exploring links between career adaptability, work volition, and well-being among Turkish students. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 90, 122-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2015.08.006
Cabras, C., & Mondo, M. (2018). Future orientation as a mediator between career adaptability and life satisfaction in university students. Journal of Career Development, 45(6), 597-609. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845317727616
Cohn, M. A., Fredrickson, B. L., Brown, S. L., Mikels, J. A., & Conway, A. M. (2009). Happiness unpacked: Positive emotions increase life satisfaction by building resilience. Emotion, 9(3), 361-368. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015952
Di Maggio, I., Shogren, K. A., Wehmeyer, M. L., Nota, L., & Sgaramella, T. M. (2021). Career adaptability, self-determination, and life satisfaction: A mediational analysis with people with substance use disorder. Journal of Career Development, 48(3), 213-228. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845319847006
Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 95(3), 542-575. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.95.3.542
Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The Satisfaction with Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1), 71-75. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13
Diener, E., Suh, E. M., Lucas, R. E., & Smith, H. L. (1999). Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin, 125(2), 276-302. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.125.2.276
Doğan, T. (2015). Adaptation of the Brief Resilience Scale into Turkish: A validity and reliability study. The Journal of Happiness & Well-Being, 3(1), 93-102.
Durak, M., Şenol-Durak, E., & Gençöz, T. (2010). Psychometric properties of the satisfaction with life scale among Turkish university students, correctional officers, and elderly adults. Social Indicators Research, 99(3), 413-429. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-010-9589-4
European Statistics. (2020). Statistics on young people neither in employment nor in education or training. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Statistics_on_young_people_neither_in_employment_nor_in_education_or_training
European Statistics. (2021). Employment rates of recent graduates. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Employment_rates_of_recent_graduates#Employment_rates_of_recent_graduates
Ginevra, M. C., Di Maggio, I., Santilli, S., Sgaramella, T. M., Nota, L., & Soresi, S. (2018). Career adaptability, resilience, and life satisfaction: A mediational analysis in a sample of parents of children with mild intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 43(4), 473-482. https://doi.org/10.3109/13668250.2017.1293236
Ginevra, M. C., Magnano, P., Lodi, E., Annovazzi, C., Camussi, E., Patrizi, P., & Nota, L. (2018). The role of career adaptability and courage on life satisfaction in adolescence. Journal of Adolescence, 62, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2017.11.002
Gündoğan, S. (2021). The mediator role of the fear of COVID-19 in the relationship between psychological resilience and life satisfaction. Current Psychology, 40(12), 6291-6299. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01525-w
Hartung, P. J. (2015). Life design in childhood: Antecedents and advancement. In L. Nota & J. Rossier (Eds.), Handbook of life design: From practice to theory and from theory to practice (pp. 89-101). Hogrefe.
Hartung, P. J., & Taber, B. J. (2008). Career construction and subjective well-being. Journal of Career Assessment, 16(1), 75-85. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072707305772
Hirschi, A. (2009). Career adaptability development in adolescence: Multiple predictors and effect on sense of power and life satisfaction. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74, 145-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.Jvb.2009.01.002
Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress. American Psychologist, 44, 513-524. http://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.44.3.513
Hobfoll, S. E. (2002). Social and psychological resources and adaptation. Review of General Psychology, 6(4), 307-324. http://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.6.4.307
Hobfoll, S. E. (2011). Conservation of resource caravans and engaged settings. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 84, 116-122. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.2010.02016.x
Hofstede, G., & Hofstede, G. J. (2005). Culture and organizations: Software of the mind (2nd Ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indices in covariance structure analysis: Conventional versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1-55. https://doi.org/10. 1080/10705519909540118
Hu, T., Zhang, D., & Wang, J. (2015). A meta-analysis of the trait resilience and mental health. Personality and Individual Differences, 76, 18-27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.11.039
İmamoğlu, E. O. (1998). Individualism and collectivism in a model and scale of balanced differentiation and integration. Journal of Psychology, 132, 95-105. http://dx. doi.org/10.1080/00223989809599268
Işık, E., Yeğin, F., Koyuncu, S., Eser, A., Çömlekciler, F., & Yıldırım, K. (2018). Validation of the Career Adapt-Abilities Scale–Short Form across different age groups in the Turkish context. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 18(3), 297-314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10775-018-9362-9
Jacelon, C. S. (1997). The trait and process of resilience. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 25(1), 123-129. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579400005812
Kalaitzaki, A., Tsouvelas, G., & Koukouli, S. (2021). Social capital, social support and perceived stress in college students: The role of resilience and life satisfaction. Stress and Health, 37(3), 454-465. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.3008
Karaman, M. A., Vela, J. C., & Garcia, C. (2020). Do hope and meaning of life mediate resilience and life satisfaction among Latinx students?. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 48(5), 685-696. https://doi.org/10.1080/03069885.2020.1760206
Kırdök, O., & Bölükbasi, A. (2018). The role of senior university students' career adaptability in predicting their subjective well-Being. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 6(5), 47-54.
Landis, R. S., Beal, D. J., & Tesluk, P. E. (2000). A comparison of approaches to forming composite measures in structural equation models. Organizational Research Methods, 3, 186-207. https:// doi.org/10.1177/109442810032003
Lerner, R. M. (2006). Resilience as an attribute of the developmental system. Annals of the New York Academy of Science, 1094, 40-51. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1376.005
Little, T. D., Rhemtulla, M., Gibson, K., & Schoemann, A. M. (2013). Why the items versus parcels controversy needn’t be one. Psychological Methods, 18(3), 285-300. https://doi.org/10.1037/ a0033266
Maggiori, C., Rossier, J., & Savickas, M. L. (2017). Career Adapt-Abilities Scale-Short Form (CAASSF): Construction and validation. Journal of Career Assessment, 25, 312-325. https://doi.org/10. 1177/1069072714565856
Magnano, P., Lodi, E., Zammitti, A., & Patrizi, P. (2021). Courage, career adaptability, and readiness as resources to improve well-being during the university-to-work transition in Italy. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(6), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062919
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