Investigation of Parents' Level of Phubbing with Their Views on Phubbing Behaviours of Their Children

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 145 - 159, 30.06.2024

Merve Temel , Hasan Er , Adalet Kandır

https://doi.org/10.51535/tell.1448084

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the level of sociotelism of parents with children in early childhood and their perspectives on their children's phubbing (sociotelism) behaviours. The research was designed using a simultaneous nested model of mixed design, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative research methods. The study group for the research consisted of 183 parents with children in early childhood. The Personal Information Form prepared by the researchers, the Generic Scale of Phubbing adapted into Turkish by Orhan Göksün (2019), and the Phubbing (Sociotelism) in Early Childhood Questionnaire prepared by the researchers to explore parents' views on the phubbing behaviours of children in early childhood were used as data collection tools in the study. In the analysis of the data obtained from the Phubbing (Sociotelism) in Early Childhood Questionnaire prepared by the researchers, a weighted mean was calculated for the Likert-type questions, and content analysis was used for the open-ended questions in the questionnaire. When the mean scores obtained from the Generic Scale of Phubbing were examined, it was found that the mean from the nomophobia sub-dimension was relatively higher than the other sub-dimensions (personal conflict, self-isolation, and problem awareness). In line with the qualitative findings obtained from the study, it was observed that parents' children mostly used mobile phones in a controlled or regulated manner. Parents stated that the reasons for their children's phone use were primarily loneliness or boredom, and they expressed dissatisfaction with their children's phone use. It was determined that parents mostly had difficulties due to their children's problem behaviours in using phones, had insufficient knowledge about the applications on the phones, had difficulty controlling the content, and felt inadequate in providing alternative activities instead of using phones.

Keywords

Pubbing, Sociotelism, Early Childhood, Children

References

• Abbasi, I. S. (2018). Social media and committed relationships: What factors make our romantic relationship vulnerable?. Social Science Computer Review, 37(3), 425-434. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894439318770609
• Ahn, D., & D. H. Shin. 2013. "Is the Social Use of Media for Seeking Connectedness or for Avoiding Social Isolation? Mechanisms Underlying Media Use and Subjective Well Being." Computers in Human Behaviour 29(6): 2453-2462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.12.022
• Akbaş, Ö. Z., & Dursun, C. (2020). The effect of technology on the family: digital parents and children of the changing family. Turkish Studies-Social, 15(4), 2245-2265. https://dx.doi.org/10.29228/TurkishStudies.43395
• Akkoyunlu, B., & Tuğrul, B. (2002). The effect of preschool children's technological interactions in home life on their computer literacy skills. Hacettepe University Journal of Faculty of Education, 23, 12-21. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/hunefd/issue/7815/102621
• Aral, N., & Doğan Keskin, A. (2018). Examining the use of technological devices in the 0-6 age period from the parents' perspective. Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions, 5(2), 317- 348. https://doi.org/10.46971/ausbid.984928
• Arumugam, C. T., Said, M. A., & Farid, N. D. N. (2021). Screen-based media and young children: Review and recommendations. Malaysian Family Physician, 16(2), 7-13. https://doi.org/10.51866/rv1143
• Ateş, M. A., & Durmuşoğlu Saltalı, N. (2019). Investigation of parents' views on the use of tablets and mobile phones by 5-6 year old children living in TRNC. Gazi Journal of Educational Sciences, 5(1), 62-90. https://dx.doi.org/10.30855/gjes.2019.05.01.004.
• Bungin, B. (2006). Sosiologi komunikasi: Teori, paradigma, dan diskursus teknologi komunikasi di masyarakat. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group. Björk-Willén, P., & Aronsson, K. (2014). Preschoolers' "animation" of computer games. Mind, Culture, and Activity, 21(4):318-336. https://doi.org/10.1080/10749039.2014.952314
• Carnelley, K. B., Vowels, L. M., Stanton, S. C., Millings, A., & Hart, C. M. (2023). Perceived partner phubbing predicts lower relationship quality but partners' enacted phubbing does not. Computers in Human Behaviour, 107860.
• Cengiz Saltuk, M., & Erciyes, C. (2020). A study on parental attitudes towards technology use in preschool children. New Media Electronic Journal, 4(2), 106-120. https://doi.org/10.17932/IAU.EJNM.25480200.2020.4/2.106-120
• Chotpitayasunondh, V., & Douglas, K. M. (2016). How "phubbing" becomes the norm: The Antecedents and consequences of snubbing via smartphone. Computers in Human Behaviour, 63, 9-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.05.018
• Cordes, C., & Miller, E. (2000). Fool's gold: A critical look at computers in childhood. College Park, MD: Alliance for Childhood. Retrieved from http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED445803.pdf
• Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research design. Qualitative, quantitative and mixed method approaches (Translation from 4th edition, Translation Editor: Selçuk Beşir Demir). Ankara: Eğiten.
• Çakır, H. (2013). The opinions of families about computer games and determining the effects on students. Mersin University Journal of Faculty of Education, 9(2), 138-150. https://doi.org/10.17860/efd.89744
• Cetin, E. (2013). Basic definitions and concepts. In Mehmet Akif Ocak (Ed.), Educational digital games theory, design and practice (pp. 2-6). Ankara: Pegem
• Gezgin, D. M. (2023). Problematic technology use in children, negative effects and solution suggestions. Paradigma Academy.
• Goh, W. W. W., Bay, S., & Chen, V. H. H. (2015). Young school children's use of digital devices and parental rules. Telematics and Informatics, 32(4), 787-795. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2015.04.002
• Güngör, M. (2015). Television viewing habits of preschool children and parental attitudes. Mustafa Kemal University Journal of Institute of Social Sciences, 11(28), 199-216. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/mkusbed/issue/19574/208775
• Hong, W., Liu, R. D., Ding, Y., Oei, T. P., Zhen, R., & Jiang, S. (2019). Parents' phubbing and problematic mobile phone use: The roles of the parent-child relationship and children's self-esteem. Cyberpsychology, behaviour and social networking, 22(12), 779-786. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2019.0179
• Hu, Y., Wang, J., Lin, Y., & Zhang, B. (2023). The relation of parental phubbing to academic engagement and the related mechanisms in elementary students. Learning and Individual Differences, 101, 102251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2022.102251
• Işıkoğlu-Erdoğan, N. (2019). Is digital gaming popular? Examining parents' game preferences for their children. Pamukkale University Journal of Faculty of Education, 46, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.9779/pauefd.446654
• Inan, M., & Dervent, F. (2016). Making a digital game active: examining the responses of students to the adapted active version. Pegem Journal of Education and Training, 6(1), 113-132. http://dx.doi.org/10.14527/pegegog.2016.007.
• Sun, J., & Samp, J. A. (2021): 'Phubbing is happening to you': examining predictors and effects of phubbing behaviour in friendships. Behaviour & Information Technology, 41(12), 2691-2704, https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2021.1943711
• Kırlıoğlu, M., Kayaalp, A., & Arslan, S. (2023). Screen addiction in children as a current problem and parental attitudes. Turkish Journal of Social Work Research, 7(2), 118-131. https://doi.org/10.55109/tushad.1360037
• Krasnova, H., Abramova, O., Notter, I., & Baumann, A. (2016). Why phubbing is toxic for your relationship: Understanding the role of smartphone jealousy among "Generation Y" users. Research Papers. 109. https://aisel.aisnet.org/ecis2016_rp/109
• Lin, Y. H., & Hou, H. T. (2015). Exploring young children's performance on and acceptance of an educational scenario-based digital game for teaching route-planning strategies: a case study. Interactive Learning Environments, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2015.1073745
• McDaniel, B. T., & Drouin, M. (2019). Daily technology interruptions and emotional and relational well-being. Computers in Human Behaviour, 99, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.04.027
• Mustafaoğlu, R., Zirek, E., Yasacı, Z., & Özdinçler, A., (2018). Negative effects of digital technology use on children's development and health. Addicta-The Turkish Journal on Addictions, 5(2), 227-247. http://dx.doi.org/10.15805/addicta.2018.5.2.0051
• Orhan Göksün D. (2019). Adaptation of the scales of sociotelism and exposure to sociotelism into Turkish. Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Social Sciences, 21 (3), 657-671. https://doi.org/10.32709/akusosbil.505642
• Öztürk, G., & Şahin, F. (2019). Examining parents' awareness of content identification standards used in smart devices. Gazi University Gazi Faculty of Education Journal, 39(1), 297-322. https://doi.org/10.17152/gefad.410349
• P. Burlian (2016). Patologi Sosial. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
• Pancani, L., Gerosa, T., Gui, M., & Riva, P. (2021). "Mom, dad, look at me": The development of the Parental Phubbing Scale. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 38(2), 435-458. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407520964866
• Pathak, S. (2013). McCann Melbourne made up a word to sell a print dictionary: New campaign for Macquarie created 'phubbing'. Retrieved from http://adage.com/article/news/mccann-melbourne-made-a-word-sell-a-dictionary/244595/
• Roberts, J. A., & David, M. E. (2017). Put down your phone and listen to me: How boss phubbing undermines the psychological conditions necessary for employee engagement. Computers in Human Behaviour, 75, 206-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.05.021
• Saltuk, M. C., & Erciyes, C. (2020). A study on parental attitudes towards technology use in preschool children. New Media Electronic Journal, 4(2), 106-120. https://doi.org/10.17932/IAU.EJNM.25480200.2020.4/2.106-120
• Stockdale, L. A., Coyne, S. M., & Padilla-Walker, L. M. (2018). Parent and child technoference and socioemotional behavioural outcomes: A nationally representative study of 10-to 20-year-old adolescents. Computers in Human Behaviour, 88, 219-226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.06.034
• Şahin, F., & Öztürk, G. (2019). Examining parents' awareness of content identification standards used in smart devices. Gazi University Journal of Faculty of Education, 39(1), 297-322. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2142082/v1
• Terrell, S. R. (2012). Mixed-methods research methodologies. Qualitative report, 17(1), 254-280.
• Thomas, T. T., Carnelley, K. B., & Hart, C. M. (2022). Phubbing in romantic relationships and retaliation: A daily diary study. Computers in Human Behaviour, 137, 107398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107398
• Topbaş, T. (2022). Examination of the effects of 3-6 years old children's relationships with their parents on the duration of their use of technological devices. Unpublished Master's Thesis. KTO Karatay University, Konya.
• Toran, M., Ulusoy, Z., Aydın, B., Deveci, T., & Akbulut, A. (2016). Evaluation of mothers' views on children's use of digital games. Kastamonu Journal of Education, 24(5), 2263-2278. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/kefdergi/issue/27735/317834
• Turan, İ., Şimşek, Ü., & Aslan, H. (2015). The Use and Analysis of Likert Scale and Likert-Type Questions in Educational Research. Sakarya University Journal of Faculty of Education, (30), 186-203. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/sakaefd/issue/11235/134252
• Urfa, D. T. (2020). The role of smart phone/tablet usage habits and parental attitudes towards this on the developmental levels of preschool children. Unpublished Master's Thesis. Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, İstanbul.
• Wang, X., Qiao, Y., & Wang, S. (2023). Parental phubbing, problematic smartphone use, and adolescents' learning burnout: A cross-lagged panel analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 320, 442-449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.163
• Wu, X., Zhang, L., Yang, R., Zhu, T., Xiang, M., & Wu, G. (2022). Parents can't see me, can peers see me? Parental phubbing and adolescents' peer alienation via the mediating role of parental rejection. Child Abuse & Neglect, 132, 105806. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105806
• Xu, C., & Xie, X. (2023). Put down the phone and accompany me: How parental phubbing undermines prosocial behavior of early adolescents. Children and Youth Services Review, 149, 1– 10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2023.106958
• Yıldız, H., Öztora, S., & Dağdeviren, H. N. (2022). Kindergarten children's use of technological devices, parents' attitudes and behaviours. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine, 26(3), 108-115. https://doi.org/10.54308/tahd.2022.32448
• Yousaf, S., Rasheed, M. I., Kaur, P., Islam, N., & Dhir, A. (2022). The dark side of phubbing in the workplace: Investigating the role of intrinsic motivation and the use of enterprise social media (ESM) in a cross-cultural setting. Journal of Business Research, 143, 81-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.01.043
• Yücelyiğit, S., Aral, N. (2020). Children's and their parents' use of digital technology with the aim of production or consumption. Inonu University Journal of the Faculty of Education, 21(2), 1071-1084. https://doi.org/10.17679/inuefd.739564