Evaluation of suicide attempts in Sakarya

Year 2012, Volume: 10 Issue: 3, 141 - 150, 28.12.2012

M. Fatih Önsüz Figen Demir , Emine Kaya Afşari Ahmet Şahin Yasin Çatalbaş Hasan Bektaş

https://doi.org/10.20518/tjph.173010

Cited By: 5

Abstract

Objective: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the general characteristics, the methods that were used and the causes of suicide attempts for the years of 2009-2010 in Sakarya.

Methods: The data were gathered from emergency rooms of all public and private hospitals by using a suicide attempt registration form. All patients (n=1566) admitted to the emergency rooms of the hospitals and who had attempted suicide in the period from January 2009 to December 2010 were included in this study.

Results: The prevalence of suicide attempts was 191.98 per 100000 population in women and 51.88 per 100000 population in men. One thousand two hundred and thirty six of the total of 1566 (78.9%) suicide attempts during the specified period were committed by females, while the remaining 330 (21.1%) were committed by males; the suicide attempts were concentrated in 15-24 age group. Usage of drugs and toxic substances is the most frequently used method for suicide attempts for both sexes (93.9 % in males, 96.8 % in females). Two hundred and twelve females (17.2%) and 46 males (13.9%) repeated suicide attempt at least once or more.

Conclusions: The frequency of suicide attempts was higher among females. In addition, previous suicide attempts were more common in our study population than in community. The investigation of risk factors associated with suicide attempts by analytical and interventional population based epidemiological studies is important for prevention and treatment. 

Keywords

Suicide attempt, prevalence, repeated suicide attempt

Sakarya İlinde gerçekleşen intihar girişimi vakalarının değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu araştırmada 2009-2010 yılları arasında Sakarya’da hastanelerin acil servisine intihar girişimi nedeniyle başvuran vakaların değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Bu çalışma Ocak 2009 ve Aralık 2010 tarihleri arasında Sakarya’da bulunan tüm devlet ve özel hastanelerin acil servislerine intihar girişimi nedeniyle başvuran hastaların (n=1566) verileri incelenerek gerçekleştirilmiştir.

Bulgular: İki yıl için 15 yaş ve üzeri kaba intihar girişim hızı kadın ve erkeklerde sırasıyla 100000 nüfusta 191.98 ve 51.88’dir. Toplam 1566 vakanın 1236 (%78.9)’sı kadın, 330 (%21.1)’u erkektir ve çoğu 15-24 yaş grubundadır. Hem kadınlarda ve hem de erkeklerde en sık başvurulan intihar şekli ise ilaç ve toksik madde kullanımı idi ve sıklık erkek ve kadınlarda sırasıyla %93.8, %96.8 idi. Tekrarlanan intihar girişim sıklığı kadınlarda %17.2 ve erkeklerde %13.9 bulunmuştur.

Sonuç: Bu araştırmada intihar girişim sıklığı kadınlarda erkeklerden daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Ayrıca tekrarlayan intihar girişimi sıklığı araştırma grubunda topluma göre çok yüksek bulunmuştur. İntihar girişimlerini önlemek için risk faktörlerinin ve çözüm yollarının belirlenmesine yönelik topluma dayalı analitik ve müdahale epidemiyolojik araştırmaların yapılmasına ihtiyaç vardır.

Keywords

intihar girişimi, sıklık, tekrarlayan intihar girişimi

References

• Ateşci FÇ, Kuloğlu M, Tezcan E, Yıldız M. İntihar girişimi olan bireylerde birinci ve ikinci eksen tanıları. Klinik Psikiyatri 2002;5:22-7.
• World Health Organisation. The global burden of disease report: Geneva, Switzerland: WHO, 2008.
• Welch SS. A review of the literature on the epidemiology of parasuicide in the general population. Psychiatr Serv 2001;52:368–75.
• Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. TÜİK 2010 İntihar İstatistikleri. Ankara, Türkiye, 2010.
• Özgüven HD, Sayıl I. Suicide attempts in Turkey: Results of the WHO-EURO multicentre study on suicidal behaviour. Can J Psychiatry 2003;48:324-9.
• Ryan J, Rushdy A, Perez-Avila CA, Allison R. Suicide rate following attendance at an accident and emergency department with deliberate self harm. J Accid Emerg Med 1996;13:101–4.
• Yiğit Ö, Söyüncü S, Berk Y. Kimler intihar girişiminde bulunuyor? Bir acil servisin deneyimleri. 2010;48:122–8. Symposium
• Sayıl I, Berksun O, Palabıyıkoğlu R, Oral A, Haran S, Güney S, Binici S, Geçim S, Yücat T, Beder A, Özayar H, Büyükçelik D, Özgüven HD (1998) Attempted suicides in Ankara in 1995. Crisis, 19:47-8. Weissman MM, Bland RC, Canino GJ, Greenwald S, Hwu HG, Joyce PR, et al. Prevalence of suicide ideation and suicide attempts in nine countries. Psychol Med 1999;29:9-17
• Deveci A, Taşkın EO, Dündar PE, Demet MM, Kaya E, Özmen E, ve ark. Manisa ili kent merkezinde intihar düşüncesi ve girişimi yaygınlığı. Turk Psikiyatri Derg 2005;16:170-8.
• Parella M, Saiz P, Moreno D, Vidal J, Llorente C, Alvarez M, et al. Is attempted suicide different in adolescent and adults? 2008;157:131-7. Research
• Beautrais AL. Gender issues in youth suicidal behavior. Emergency Medicine 2002;14:35-42.
• Beautrais AL. Suicide and serious suicide attempts in youth: a multiple group comparison study. Am J Psychiatry 2003;160:1093-9.
• Doshi A, Boudreaux ED, Wang N, Pelletier AJ, Camargo CA. National study of US Emergency Department visits for attempted suicide and self-inflicted injury, Med;46:369-75. Ann Emerg
• Sertöz ÖÖ, Noyan MA, Sertöz N, Elbi H. İntihar girişimleri öngörülebilir mi? Bir üniversite hastanesi acil servisine intihar girişimiyle başvuran hastaların altı aylık izlem sonuçları. Anadolu Psikiyatr Derg 2010;10:1-8.
• Şenol V, Ünalan D, Avşaroğulları L, İkizceli İ. İntihar girişimi nedeniyle Erciyes Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Acil Anabilim Dalı’na başvuran olguların incelenmesi. Anadolu Psikiyatr Derg 2005;6:19-29.
• Güleç G, Aksaray G. İntihar girişiminde bulunan gençlerin sosyodemografik- sosyokültürel ve aile özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesi. 2006;44:141-50. Yeni Symposium
• Akbaş S, Kesebir S, Böke Ö, Karabekiroğlu K, Sarısoy G, Pazvantoğlu O, ve ark. Hastaneye başvurusu özkıyım girişimiyle olan ve olmayan majör depresif bozukluklu ergenlerin ve annelerinin mizaç özellikleri. Anadolu Psikiyatr Derg 2010;11:9-17.
• Tel H, Uzun S. İntihar girişimi ile acil servise başvuran hastaların sosyal destek ve stresle baş etme durumları. Anadolu Psikiyatr Derg 2003;4:151-8.
• Bjornaas MA, Hovda KE, Heyerdahl F, Skog K, Drottning P, Opdahl A, et al. Suicidal intention, psychosocial factors and referral to further treatment: A one- year cross-sectional study of self- poisoning. BMC Psychiatry 2010,10:58.
• Kudo K, Otsuka K, Endo J, Yoshida T, Isono H, Yambe T, et al. Study of the outcome characteristics of hospitalization in a psychiatric ward group, critical care center group, and nonhospitalized group. BMC Psychiatry 2010,10:4. attempts:
• Hawton K. Sex and suicide. Br J Psychiatry 2000;177:484-5.
• Mazza JJ. The relationship between posttraumatic stres symptomatology and suicidal behavior in school-based adolescents. Threatening Behavior 2000;30:91-103.
• Mitchell AM, Garand L, Dean D, Panzak GL, Taylor MV. Suicide assessment in hospital Implications for patient satisfaction and compliance. 2005;27:302-12. departments. Top Emerg Med
• Joe S, Baser RE, Breeden G, Neighbors HW, Jackson JS. Prevalence of and risk factors for lifetime suicide attempts among blacks in the United States. JAMA 2006;296:2112-23.
• Christiansen E, Jensen BF. Risk of repetition of suicide attempt, suicide or all deaths after an episode of attempted suicide: analysis. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2007;41:257-65. survival
• Masango SM, Rataemane ST, Motojesi AA. Suicide and suicide risk factors: a literature review. SA Fam Pract 2008;50:25-8.
• Qin P, Agerbo E, Mortensen PB. Suicide risk in relation to socioeconomic, demographic, psychiatric, and familial factors a national register-based study of all suicides in Denmark, 1981-1997. Am J Psychiatry 2003;160:765-72.
• Başbakanlık Devlet İstatistik Enstitüsü. 2000 İntihar İstatistikleri. Ankara, Türkiye, Başbakanlık Matbaası, 2000.
• Kessler RC, Borges G, Walters EE. Prevalence of and risk factors for lifetime suicide attempts in the National Comorbidity Survey. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1999;56:617-26.
• Beautrais AL, Wells JE, McGee MA, Oakley Browne MA, for the New Zealand Mental Health Survey Research Team. Suicidal behaviour in Te Rau Hinengaro: the New Zealand Mental Health Survey. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2006;40:896-904.
• Linehan NM. Behavioral treatmants of behaviours: suicidal obfuscation and treatmant outcomes, in the neurobiology of suicide: from the bench to the clinic. Annals of New York Academy of Sciences 1997;836:302-28.
• Haukka J, Suominen K, Partonen T, Lönnqvist J. Determinants and outcomes of serious attempted suicide: a nationwide study in Finland, 1996-2003. Am J Epidemiol 2008;167:1155-63.
• Uludüz DU, Uğur M. Bir vak’a dolayısıyla intiharların gözden geçirilmesi. Yeni symposium 2001;39:19-25.
• Beautrais AL. Risk factors for suicide and attempted suicide among young people. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2000;34:420-36.
• Denning DG, Conwell Y, King D, Cox C. Method choice, intent, and gender in completed suicide. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2000;30:282-8.
• Chuang HL, Huang WC. A multinomial logit analysis of methods used by persons who completed suicide. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2004;34:298-310.
• Kposowa AJ, McElvain JP. Gender, place, and method of suicide. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2006;41:435-43.
• Shaffer D, Pracentini J. Suicide and attempted Psychiatry 1994;2:407-24. Child Adolesc
• Gidiş D, Kaya N, Çilli S. Selçuk Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi’ne intihar girişimi nedeniyle başvuran ergenlerin değerlendirilmesi. Kriz Dergisi 1997;5:7- 13.
• De Moore GM, Robertson AR. Suicide in the 18 years after deliberate self-harm-a prospective study. Br J Psychiatry 1996;169:489–94.
• Nordström P, Samuelsson M, Asberg M. Survival analysis of suicide risk after attempted suicide. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1995;91:336–40.
• Nordentoft M, Breum L, Munck LK, Nordestgaard AG, Hunding A, Laursen Bjaeldager PA. High mortality by natural and unnatural causes: a 10-year follow- up study of patients admitted to a poisoning treatment centre after suicide attempts. Br Med J 1993;306:1637–41.
• Hawton K. General hospital management of suicide attempters. Hawton K, Van Heeringen K (eds), The international handbook of suicide and attempted suicide. Chichester, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2000, p.519-37.
• Isacsson G, Rich CL. Management of patients themselves. BMJ 2001;322:213-5. harm
• Suokas J, Lönnqvist J. Outcome of attempted suicide and psychiatric consultation: risk factors and suicide mortality during a five-year follow-up. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1991;84:545-9.
• Suominen KH, Isometsä ET, Lönnqvist JK. Attempted suicide and psychiatric consultation. 2004;19:140–5. Psychiatry