Healthy lifestyle behaviors as predictors of life quality: A sample of medical faculty staff

Year 2021, Volume: 19 Issue: 1, 55 - 68, 23.04.2021

Hacer Devran Ayşenur Beyazıt Üçgün , Mustafa Volkan Yürekli , Ersin Uskun

https://doi.org/10.20518/tjph.763355

Cited By: 4

Abstract

Objective: Quality of life reflects an individual’s perception of their position in life.
Healthy lifestyle behaviours are behaviours that an individual believes and applies
to stay healthy and to protect against diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate
the healthy lifestyle behaviours and quality of life of faculty members and research
assistants working in a medical school and to determine the predictors of their
quality of life. Methods: The target population for this cross-sectional analytical
study was the lecturers and research assistants working in a medical faculty (n 419).
It was aimed to reach all the population without making a sample selection. 77.6% of
the population was successfully reached. Quality of life was measured by the World
Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Brief Form and Quality of Life Scale scores
were calculated in the physical, psychological, social, environmental and national
sub-areas (social pressure). Healthy lifestyle behaviours were measured by the
Healthy Lifestyle Behaviours Scale-II. Scores were calculated for six sub-dimensions:
spiritual development, health responsibility, physical activity, nutrition, interpersonal
relationships and stress management. Independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U, analysis
of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, Pearson correlation and multiple regression tests were
used for statistical analysis. Results: 60.3% of the research group was under the age of 35 and 59.1% were male.
57.8% of the research group were medical research assistants and 42.2% were
lecturers. There was a significant positive correlation between HLBS total scores and
the quality of life sub-domains (physical, psychological, social, environmental and
social pressure) (respectively p<0.001; p<0.001; p<0.001; p<0.001 and p<0.001).
Getting regular sleep predicted the quality of physical and social life positively
(respectively p<0.01 and p<0.05). Spiritual development as a sub-dimension of HLBS
positively predicted physical, spiritual, social and environmental life dimensions
(p<0.001; p<0.001; p<0.05 and p<0.05, respectively). Conclusion: One of the healthy
lifestyle behaviours, spiritual development was an important predictor of quality of
life. To increase the quality of life of individuals, awareness should be raised especially
on sleep patterns and spiritual development. Interventions should be carried out to
develop healthy lifestyle behaviours.

Keywords

Quality of life, Healthy lifestyle behaviours, WHOQOL-BREF

Yaşam kalitesinin yordayıcısı olarak sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları: Tıp Fakültesi öğretim elemanları örneği

Abstract

Amaç: Yaşam kalitesi, bireylerin yaşamdaki pozisyonunu algılamasıdır. Sağlıklıyaşam biçimi davranışları ise bireyin sağlıklı kalmak ve hastalıklardan korunmakiçin inandığı ve uyguladığı davranışların bütünüdür. Bir tıp fakültesinde görevliöğretim elemanlarının sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarını ve yaşam kalitelerinideğerlendirmek; yaşam kalitesinin yordayıcılarını belirlemektir. Yöntem: Kesitselanalitik tipteki bu çalışmanın evrenini bir tıp fakültesinde çalışan öğretim elemanlarıoluşturmaktadır (N:419). Örneklem seçimi yapılmaksızın evrenin tamamınaulaşılması hedeflenmiş %77.6’sına ulaşılmıştır. Yaşam kalitesi, Dünya Sağlık ÖrgütüYaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği Kısa Formu ile ölçülmüştür. Ölçeğin bedensel, ruhsal, sosyal,çevre alt alanlarında alan puanları hesaplanmıştır. Sağlıklı yaşam biçim davranışları;Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları Ölçeği-II ile belirlenmiştir. Ölçeğin; manevi gelişim,sağlık sorumluluğu, fiziksel aktivite, beslenme, kişiler arası ilişkiler ve stres yönetimiolmak üzere altı alt boyutu bulunmaktadır. İstatistik analizlerde Bağımsız gruplardat testi, Mann-Whitney U, varyans analizi, Kruskal-Wallis, Pearson korelasyon veçoklu doğrusal regresyon testleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırma grubunun%60.3’ü 35 yaş altında, %59.1’i erkektir. Araştırma grubunun %57.8’i tıpta uzmanlıköğrencisi, %42.2’si öğretim üyesidir. SYBD toplam puanı ile yaşam kalitesi alt alanları(bedensel, ruhsal, sosyal, ulusal çevre) arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı korelasyonmevcuttur (sırasıyla p<0.001; p<0.001; p<0.001 ve p<0.001). Düzenli uyku uyumak,bedensel ve sosyal yaşam kalitesini olumlu yönde yordamaktadır (sırasıyla; p<0.001ve p<0.01). SYBD alt alanlarından manevi gelişim, bedensel, ruhsal, sosyal ve çevreyaşam alanlarını olumlu yönde yordayan değişkendir (sırasıyla p<0.001; p<0.001;p<0.01 ve p<0.001). Sonuç: Sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarından, manevi gelişim,yaşam kalitesinin önemli bir yordayıcısıdır. Bireylerin yaşam kalitesinin artırılmasıiçin manevi gelişim konularında farkındalık oluşturulmalıdır. Sağlıklı yaşam biçimidavranışlarını geliştirmeye yönelik aktiviteler yapılmalıdır

Keywords

Yaşam kalitesi, sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları, WHOQOL-BREF

References

• WHO. WHOQOL-BREF Introduction, Administration, Scoring and Generic Version of the Assessment Field Trial Version December 1996 Programme on Mental Health World Health Organization [Internet]. Geneva; 1996 [kaynak 17 Ocak 2017]. Available at: https://www.who.int/mental_health/me dia/en/76.pdf
• World Health Organization (WHO).Whoqol user manual: Programme on mental health [Internet]. World Health Organization. Geneva; 2012 [kaynak 19 Şubat 2020]. s. 1–19. Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handl e/10665/77932/WHO_HIS_HSI_Rev.2012 .03protect LY1extunderscore eng.pdf;jsessionid=6BC7AC984CA0F8801 C86C8296D9D4B2A?sequence=1%0Ahtt p://www.springerreference.com/index/d oi/10.1007/SpringerReference_28001
• Testa MA, Simonson DC. Assessment of quality-of-life outcomes. N Engl J Med. 1996;334(13):835–40.
• Eser E, Fidaner H, Fidaner Cihan, Yalçın Eser S, Elbi H, Göker E. Psychometric properties of the WHOQOL-100 and WHOQOL-BREF. 3 P. 1999;7:23–41.
• Walker SN, Sechrist KR, Pender NJ. The Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile. Nurs Res. 1987;36(2):76–81.
• Özkan S, Yılmaz E. Hastanede Çalışan Hemşirelerin Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları. Fırat Sağlık Hizmetleri Derg. 2008;3:90–105.
• Bidlack WR. Interrelationships of food, nutrition, diet and health: The national association of state universities and land grant colleges white paper. J Am Coll Nutr. 1996;15(5):422–33.
• Upton D, Thirlaway K. Promoting healthy behaviour: a practical guide. 2. baskı. New York: Routledge; 2014. 76 s.
• Curtin S. Trends in cancer and heart disease death rates among adults aged 45–64: United States, 1999–2017. Natl Vital Stat Reports. 2019;68(5):1–8.
• Stanaway J, Afshin A, Gakidou E, Lim S. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Stu. Lancet. 2018;392:1923– 94.
• Ford ES, Zhao G, Tsai J, Li C. Low-Risk lifestyle behaviors and all-cause mortality: Findings from the national health and nutrition examination survey III mortality study. Am J Public Health. 2011;101(10):1922–9.
• Bahar Z, Beşer A, Gördes N, Ersin F, Kıssal A. Sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları ölçeği II’nin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Cumhur Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Derg. 2008;12(1):1–13.
• Tezcan S, Aslan D. Ankara’da Çeşitli Meslek Gruplarında Genel Ruhsal Sağlık Durumunun Değerlendirilmesi. Kriz Derg. 2000;9:1–6.
• Avcı K, Pala K. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesinde Çalışan Araştırma Görevlisi ve Uzman Doktorların Yaşam Kalitesinin Değerlendirilmesi Kadriye AVCI, Kayıhan PALA. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Derg. 2004;30(2):81–5.
• Walker S, Hill-Polerecky DM. Psychometric evaluation of the health promoting lifestyle profile II Unpublished manuscript. Univ Nebraska Med Cent. 1996;120–6.
• Walker S. Health-promoting lifestyle profile II scoring instructions [Internet]. 1995 [kaynak 19 Şubat 2020]. Available at: http://www.unmc.edu/nursing/docs/ HPLPII_Scoring.pdf
• Pinar R, Celik R, Bahcecik N. Reliability and construct validity of the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II in an adult Turkish population. Nurs Res. 2009;58(3):184–93.
• Alpar R. Uygulamalı İstatistik ve Geçerlik & Güvenirlik. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık; 2018. 465-487 s.
• Fallatah RHM, Syed J. A Critical Review of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Içinde: Employee Motivation in Saudi Arabia. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2018. s. 19–59.
• Molzahn AE. Spirituality in later life: effect on quality of life. J Gerontol Nurs. 2007;33:32–39.
• Molzahn AE. Spirituality in later life: effect on quality of life. J Gerontol Nurs. 2007;33:32–39.
• Kelly J. Spirituality as a coping mechanism. Dimens Crit Care Nurs 2004;23:162–168.
• Çetinkaya B, Altundağ S, Azak A. Spiritüel bakım ve hemşirelik. ADÜ Tıp Derg 2007;8:47–50.
• Rippentrop AE, Altmaier EM, Chen JJ, Found EM, Keffala VJ. The relationship between religion/spirituality and physical health, mental health, and pain in a chronic pain population. Pain 2005;116:311–321.
• George LK, Larsons DB, Koeing HG, McCullough ME. Spirituality and health: What we know, what we need to know. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 2000; 19:102–116.
• Kelly J. Spirituality as a coping mechanism. Dimens Crit Care Nurs. 2004; 3:162–168.
• Mak YW, Kao AHF, Tam LWY, Tse VWC, Tse DTH, Leung DYP. Health-promoting lifestyle and quality of life among Chinese nursing students. Prim Health Care Res Dev. 2018;19(6):629–36.
• Li J, Yu J, Chen X, Quan X, Zhou L. Correlations between health-promoting lifestyle and health-related quality of life among elderly people with hypertension in Hengyang, Hunan, China. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018;97(25):e10937.
• Puciato D, Borysiuk Z, Rozpara M. Quality of life and physical activity in an older working-age population. Clin Interv Aging. 2017;12:1627–34.
• Krzepota J, Sadowska D, Zbieta Biernat E. Relationships between Physical Activity and Quality of Life in Pregnant Women in the Second and Third Trimester. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018;15(12):2745.
• Bashkireva A, Bogdanova D. Quality of life and physical activity among elderly and old people. Adv Gerontol Uspekhi Gerontol. 2018;31(5):743–50.
• Jönsson T, Ekvall Hansson E, Thorstensson CA, Eek F, Bergman P, Dahlberg LE. The effect of education and supervised exercise on physical activity, pain, quality of life and self-efficacy - an intervention study with a reference group. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2018;19(1):198.
• Nápoles AM, Ortíz C, Santoyo-Olsson J, Stewart AL, Gregorich S, Lee HE, vd. Nuevo amanecer: Results of a randomized controlled trial of a community-based, peer-delivered stress management intervention to improve quality of life in Latinas with breast cancer. Am J Public Health. 2015;105:e55–63.
• Stefanaki C, Bacopoulou F, Livadas S, Kandaraki A, Karachalios A, Chrousos GP, vd. Impact of a mindfulness stress management program on stress, anxiety, depression and quality of life in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized controlled trial. Stress. 2015;18(1):57–66.
• Li L, Wang M. Chinese SF-36 Health Survey: translation, cultural adaptation, validation, and normalisation. J Epidemiol Community Heal. 2003;57:259–63.
• Bilir N, Özcebe H, Acar Vaizoğlu S. Van ilinde 15 yaş üzeri erkeklerde SF-36 ile yaşam kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi. Türkiye Klin. 2005;25(5):663–8.
• Brandolim Becker N, Jesus SN de, Viseu JN, Stobäus CD, Guerreiro M, Domingues RB. Depression and quality of life in older adults: Mediation effect of sleep quality. Int J Clin Heal Psychol. 2018;18(1):8–17.
• Garbarino S, Lanteri P, Durando P, Magnavita N, Sannita WG. Co-Morbidity, Mortality, Quality of Life and the Healthcare/Welfare/Social Costs of Disordered Sleep: A Rapid Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016;13(8):831.