Predictors of life expectancy at birth in Türkiye: A longitudinal study

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 2, 125 - 135, 16.08.2024

Doğancan Çavmak , Fatma Banu Beyaz Sipahi , Sait Söyler

https://doi.org/10.20518/tjph.1359711

Öz

Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the impact of social, behavioral, economic, and healthcare system-related factors on life expectancy at birth in Türkiye.

Methods: Enrollment rate in tertiary education, tobacco consumption gram per capita, out-of-pocket payments (OOPHE), and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita were included as predictors. The data were obtained from the database of the Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD), World Bank, and Health Statistics Yearbooks published by the Ministry of the Health in Türkiye for 2000-2019. Johansen Cointegration test was used to define the existence of the long-run statistical relationship between life expectancy at birth and the predictors.

Results: Enrollment rate in tertiary education, GDP per capita, and out-of-pocket payments are positively associated with life expectancy, while tobacco consumption gram per capita has a negative association. It has been concluded that short-term deviations from the equilibrium, using an error correction model, will reach long-term equilibrium approximately one year later. Granger causality test and the estimation result revealed that enrollment rate in tertiary education, tobacco consumption, out-of-pocket health expenditure, and GDP per capita are the short-term and long-term determinants of life expectancy at birth.

Conclusion: This study provides important evidence for policymakers to allocate resources to the social, behavioral, healthcare-related, and economic determinants of health status to increase life expectancy. In addition, the determination of out-of-pocket payments have a positive relationship with life expectancy gives a clue about the need to make more efforts regarding the economic accessibility of healthcare services in the Turkish health system.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Life Expectancy, Health Economics, Health Management, Johansen Cointegration Analysis

Kaynakça

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