A Research of Carbon Emissions Caused by Installation Faults in Air Conditioners Used in Heating Mode

Year 2025, Volume: 20 Issue: 2, 355 - 369, 30.09.2025

Nurcan Çalhan , Mert Gürtürk

https://doi.org/10.55525/tjst.1610926

Abstract

Air conditioners are among the most commonly used systems for fulfilling climate control requirements due to their dual capability to operate in both heating and cooling modes. When functioning in heating mode, these systems follow a cycle similar to that of a heat pump. However, failure to adhere to the installation guidelines provided by manufacturers, inadequate training of installation personnel, or user-driven installation modifications can result in increased energy consumption and suboptimal system performance. This study models improper installation practices of air conditioning systems and investigates their impacts on Life Cycle Climate Performance (LCCP) and annual energy consumption (AEC) during heating mode operation. In the experimental setup, airflow to the outdoor unit was progressively obstructed, and performance data were collected at various fan speed levels. Based on this data, LCCP and AEC analyses were conducted. Measurements were taken at multiple fan speeds corresponding to different degrees of airflow blockage. The scenario with unobstructed airflow was used as a reference point for comparison. When comparing the reference condition at 100 percent fan speed to the scenario with 93 percent airflow obstruction at the same fan speed, the LCCP value increased by 991.03 kilograms of CO2. In this obstructed condition, the AEC was found to be 26.89 percent higher than the reference case.

Keywords

LCCP , Air-conditioning , emissions , heat pump

Ethical Statement

We undertake that in the article we submitted for publication, no study requiring ethics committee approval, was conducted.

Thanks

The historical temperature data used in this study were obtained from the NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) POWER Project funded through the NASA Earth Science/Applied Science Program.

Isıtma Modunda Kullanılan Klimalarda Montaj Hatalarından Kaynaklanan Karbon Emisyonlarının Araştırılması

Abstract

İklimlendirme gereksinimlerini karşılamak amacıyla en yaygın kullanılan sistemlerden biri olan klimalar, hem ısıtma hem de soğutma modlarında çalışabilme özellikleri sayesinde tercih edilmektedir. Isıtma modunda çalıştıklarında, bu sistemler ısı pompasına benzer bir çevrim izlemektedir. Ancak, üretici firmalar tarafından belirtilen kurulum talimatlarına uyulmaması, montaj personelinin yetersiz eğitimi veya kullanıcı kaynaklı kurulum değişiklikleri, enerji tüketiminin artmasına ve sistemin istenilen performansta çalışmamasına neden olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, klima sistemlerinde yapılan hatalı kurulum uygulamaları modellenmiş ve bu uygulamaların sistemin Yaşam Döngüsü İklim Performansı (LCCP) ile Yıllık Enerji Tüketimi (AEC) üzerindeki etkileri, sistemin ısıtma modunda çalışması sırasında incelenmiştir. Deneysel düzende, dış üniteye olan hava akışı kademeli olarak engellenmiş ve farklı fan hızlarında performans verileri toplanmıştır. Elde edilen verilere dayanarak LCCP ve AEC analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hava akışının farklı oranlarda engellendiği koşullarda, çeşitli fan hızlarında ölçümler yapılmıştır. Hava akışının tamamen açık olduğu durum referans senaryo olarak kullanılmıştır. Referans koşulda (hava akışı engellenmemiş ve fan hızı %100) elde edilen değer ile %93 oranında hava akışı engellenmiş ve fan hızı yine %100 olan durum karşılaştırıldığında, LCCP değerinde 991,03 kg CO₂ artış gözlemlenmiştir. Aynı koşullarda, AEC değeri referans duruma kıyasla %26,89 oranında daha yüksek bulunmuştur.

Keywords

LCCP , klima , emisyonlar , ısı pompası

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