Research Article

COMPARING ONLINE AND FACE-TO-FACE DOCTORAL THESIS DEFENSES: A MIXED METHODS SWOT ANALYSIS

Volume: 27 Number: 3 July 1, 2026

COMPARING ONLINE AND FACE-TO-FACE DOCTORAL THESIS DEFENSES: A MIXED METHODS SWOT ANALYSIS

Abstract

Doctoral thesis defenses are pivotal milestones in providing essential academic feedback and signifying key transitions in doctoral education. Traditionally held face-to-face, these defenses moved swiftly online, raising questions about their effectiveness and sustainability. This study uses an exploratory sequential mixed-methods approach to compare online and face-to-face doctoral thesis defenses using a SWOT analysis framework. The qualitative phase involved collecting data from 10 experienced thesis advisors, followed by a quantitative survey of 49 doctoral students from 14 academic departments. The findings highlight the distinct advantages of online defenses, such as increased spatial and temporal flexibility and the ability to record sessions for later reviews. However, ongoing technical difficulties and insufficient technical support pose significant weaknesses and threats to online defense formats. In contrast, face-to-face defenses excel at promoting strong interpersonal communication and dialogue, with genuine academic interactions identified as significant opportunities. Additionally, the study emphasizes that students’ demographic characteristics, technological competencies, and prior online meeting experiences influence their preferences and perceptions of thesis defense formats. These insights offer practical guidance for universities seeking to optimize doctoral defense procedures in the evolving post-pandemic educational landscape.

Keywords

Doctoral thesis, online defense, SWOT analyses, mixed methods research, distance education

Supporting Institution

No Supporting Institution

Ethical Statement

The present work was approved by the Anadolu University Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Committee

References

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APA
Yildirim, H. I., Demirci Dolek, E., & Firat, M. (2026). COMPARING ONLINE AND FACE-TO-FACE DOCTORAL THESIS DEFENSES: A MIXED METHODS SWOT ANALYSIS. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 27(3), 197-213. https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.1767774
AMA
1.Yildirim HI, Demirci Dolek E, Firat M. COMPARING ONLINE AND FACE-TO-FACE DOCTORAL THESIS DEFENSES: A MIXED METHODS SWOT ANALYSIS. TOJDE. 2026;27(3):197-213. doi:10.17718/tojde.1767774
Chicago
Yildirim, Halil Ibrahim, Emine Demirci Dolek, and Mehmet Firat. 2026. “COMPARING ONLINE AND FACE-TO-FACE DOCTORAL THESIS DEFENSES: A MIXED METHODS SWOT ANALYSIS”. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education 27 (3): 197-213. https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.1767774.
EndNote
Yildirim HI, Demirci Dolek E, Firat M (July 1, 2026) COMPARING ONLINE AND FACE-TO-FACE DOCTORAL THESIS DEFENSES: A MIXED METHODS SWOT ANALYSIS. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education 27 3 197–213.
IEEE
[1]H. I. Yildirim, E. Demirci Dolek, and M. Firat, “COMPARING ONLINE AND FACE-TO-FACE DOCTORAL THESIS DEFENSES: A MIXED METHODS SWOT ANALYSIS”, TOJDE, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 197–213, July 2026, doi: 10.17718/tojde.1767774.
ISNAD
Yildirim, Halil Ibrahim - Demirci Dolek, Emine - Firat, Mehmet. “COMPARING ONLINE AND FACE-TO-FACE DOCTORAL THESIS DEFENSES: A MIXED METHODS SWOT ANALYSIS”. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education 27/3 (July 1, 2026): 197-213. https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.1767774.
JAMA
1.Yildirim HI, Demirci Dolek E, Firat M. COMPARING ONLINE AND FACE-TO-FACE DOCTORAL THESIS DEFENSES: A MIXED METHODS SWOT ANALYSIS. TOJDE. 2026;27:197–213.
MLA
Yildirim, Halil Ibrahim, et al. “COMPARING ONLINE AND FACE-TO-FACE DOCTORAL THESIS DEFENSES: A MIXED METHODS SWOT ANALYSIS”. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, vol. 27, no. 3, July 2026, pp. 197-13, doi:10.17718/tojde.1767774.
Vancouver
1.Halil Ibrahim Yildirim, Emine Demirci Dolek, Mehmet Firat. COMPARING ONLINE AND FACE-TO-FACE DOCTORAL THESIS DEFENSES: A MIXED METHODS SWOT ANALYSIS. TOJDE. 2026 Jul. 1;27(3):197-213. doi:10.17718/tojde.1767774