Role of Adolescents’ Psychological Well-Being on Transmission of Domestic Violence

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 62, 297 - 312, 27.09.2021

Emel Genç

https://doi.org/10.17066/tpdrd.1000612

Cited By: 1

Öz

This study aims to investigate the psychological well-being as a potential moderator of the effects of childhood exposure to violence on the future risk of transmission of violence into romantic relationships. A sample of 3,193 participants from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health data was used to examine psychological well-being whether the link between exposure to violence in childhood and experiencing intimate partner violence in adulthood was disrupted. Findings showed a significant relationship between childhood exposure to violence and later perpetration and victimization of intimate partner violence. Further, adolescents’ higher sense of well-being was negatively linked with the violent acts toward an intimate partner and the lower risk of victimization of intimate violence in adult relationships. While the proposed moderator did not interact with childhood exposure to violence to lessen the future risk of being violent or experiencing violence in the intimate relationship, well-being was linked with lower levels of violence in romantic relationships in adulthood. Conclusions suggest that clinicians should focus on how to improve the psychological well-being of adolescences to help prevent future IPV.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adolescents, Exposure to Violence, Intimate Partner Violence, Psychological Well-Being, Transmission of DomesticViolence

Aile içi Şiddetin Aktarımında Ergenlerin İyi Oluş Halinin Rolü

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, psikolojik iyi oluş halinin potansiyel moderatör rolünün çocuklukta şiddete mağruz kalmanın yetişkinlik döneminde şiddetin romantik ilişkilere aktarımı üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır. Ergen Sağlığının Ulusal Boylamsal Çalışması verilerilerinden seçilen 3193 katılımcı ile psikolojik iyi oluş halinin, çocuklukta şiddete maruz kalma ile yetişkinlikteki partner şiddetini deneyimleme arasındaki ilişkiyi bozup bozmadığı incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre çocuklukta şiddete maruz kalma ile ilerleyen yaşlarda partner şiddeti kurbanı olma arasında ilişki olduğunu görülmüştür. Ayrıca, ergenlerin yüksek iyi oluş hissine sahip olması ile partnerine şiddet uygulaması ve yetişkinlikte partner şiddetine mağruz kalması arasında negatif ilişki olduğu bulunmuştur. Her ne kadar önerilen moderatörün (psikoljik iyi oluş hali) çocuklukta şiddete maruz kalma ile yetişkinlikte partner şiddeti deneyimleme riski üzerinde etki etmediği bulunsada, iyi oluş halinin yetişkinlik döneminde partner şiddetine uğrama ihtimalini azalttığı bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, şiddet vakalarıyla çalışan uzmanlara, ergenlerin ilerde partner şiddeti uygulama veya maruz kalma riskini azaltmak için onların iyi oluş halini arttırmaya yönelik ugulamalar yapması önerilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ergenlik, Partner Şiddeti, Psikolojik İyi Oluş, Şiddete Mağruz Kalma, Aile içi Şiddet Aktarımı

Kaynakça

• Acock, A. C. (2005). Working with missing values. Journal of Marriage and Family. 67 (4), 1012- 1028. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2005.00191.x
• Al'Uqdah, S. N. (2010). The relationship of exposure to community violence among parents' psychological distress, satisfaction with life, parental socialization of emotions, & preschoolers' social-emotional competence. (Doctoral Dissertation). Retrieved from PsycINFO. (Order No. AAI3404501).
• Anderson, K. M., & Danis, F. S. (2006). Adult daughters of battered women - Resistance and resilience in the face of danger. Journal of Women and Social Work, 21(4), 419–432. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2005.00191.x
• Arslan, G., & Coşkun, M. (2020). Student subjective wellbeing, school functioning, and psychological adjustment in high school adolescents: A latent variable analysis. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 4(2), 153-164. https://doi.org/10.47602/jpsp.v4i2.231
• Bendayan, R., Blanca, M. J., Fernández-Baena, J. F., Escobar, M., & Trianes, M. V. (2013). New empirical evidence on the validity of the satisfaction with life scale in early adolescents. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 29(1), 36-43. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000118
• Boeckel, M. G., Wagner, A., & Grassi-Oliveira, R. (2017). The Effects of Intimate Partner Violence Exposure on the Maternal Bond and PTSD Symptoms of Children. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 32(7), 1127–1142. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260515587667
• Bowen, E. (2015). The impact of intimate partner violence on preschool children's peer problems: An analysis of risk and protective factors. Child abuse & neglect, 50, 141–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.09.005
• Callahan, M.R., Tolman R.M., & Saunders, D.G. (2003). Adolescent dating violence victimization and psychological well-being. Journal of Adolescent Research. 18(6):664–681. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558403254784
• Cameranesi, M., Piotrowski, C. C., & Brownridge, D. A. (2020). Profiles of adjustment in children and adolescents exposed to intimate partner violence: A scoping review investigating resilience processes. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 4(1-Sup1), 117-136. https://journalppw.com/index.php/JPPW/article/view/175
• Cater, A. K., Miller, L. E., Howell, K. H., & Graham-Bermann, S. A. (2015). Childhood exposure to intimate partner violence and adult mental health problems: Relationships with gender and age of exposure. Journal of Family Violence, 30(7), 875-886. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-015-9703-0
• Caykoylu, A., Ibiloglu, O. A., Taner, Y., Potas, N., & Taner, E. (2011). The correlation of childhood physical abuse history and later abuse in a group of Turkish population. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 26(1), 3455–3475. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260511403748
• Copeland-Linder, N., Lambert S. F, & Ialongo N. S. (2010). Community violence, protective factors, and adolescent mental health: A profile analysis. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology. 39(2):176–186. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374410903532601
• Cui, M., Ueno, K., Gordon, M., & Fincham, F. D. (2013). The Continuation of Intimate Partner Violence from Adolescence to Young Adulthood. Journal of marriage and the family, 75(2), 300–313. https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.12016
• Edwards, K., Gidycz, C., & Murphy, M. (2011). College women’s stay/leave decisions in abusive dating relationships: A prospective analysis of an expanded investment model. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 26, 1446-1462. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260510369131
• Eriksson, L., & Mazerolle, P. (2015). A Cycle of Violence ? Examining Violence, Attitudes, and Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 30(6), 945-64. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260514539759
• Escribà-Agüir, V., Ruiz-Pérez, I., Montero-Piñar, M. I., Vives-Cases, C., Plazaola-Castaño, J., Martín-Baena, D., & G6 for the Study of Gender Violence in Spain (2010). Partner violence and psychological well-being: buffer or indirect effect of social support. Psychosomatic Medicine, 72(4), 383–389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aprim.2016.03.006
• Forke, C. M., Myers, R. K., Fein, J. A., Catallozzi, M., Localio, A. R., Wiebe, D. J., & Grisso, J. A. (2018). Witnessing intimate partner violence as a child: How boys and girls model their parents' behaviors in adolescence. Child abuse & neglect, 84, 241–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.07.031
• Forke, C. M., Myers, R. K., Localio, A. R., Wiebe, D. J., Fein, J. A., Grisso, J. A., & Catallozzi, M. (2019). Intimate Partner Violence: Childhood Witnessing and Subsequent Experiences of College Undergraduates. Journal of interpersonal violence. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260519860909
• Fulu, E., Jewkes, R., et al., (2013). Prevalence of and factors associated with male perpetration of intimate partner violence: Findings from the UN Multi-country cross-sectional study on men and violence in Asia and the Pacific. The Lancet Global Health, 1(4), pp.e187–e207. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(13)70074-3
• Fusco, R. A., & Fantuzzo, J. W. (2009). Domestic violence crimes and children: A population-based investigation of direct sensory exposure and the nature of involvement. Children and Youth Services Review, 31(2), 249–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2008.07.017
• Genç, E. (2020). Integrated model of intimate partner selection for repeating cycle of violence. A. Balciogullari & M. C. Sahin (Eds.), Current Studies in Social Science II. (pp.1-14). Akademisyen Kitabevi
• Genç, E., Su, Y., & Durtshi, J. (2018). Moderating factors associated with interrupting the transmission of domestic violence among adolescents. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 36(9-10). https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260518801018
• Gonzalez-Guarda, R. M., Vermeesch, A. L., Florom-Smith, A. L., McCabe, B. E., & Peragallo, N. P. (2013). Birthplace, culture, self-esteem, and intimate partner violence among community-dwelling Hispanic women. Violence against women, 19(1), 6–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801212475336
• Hamama, L., & Arazi, Y. (2012). Aggressive behaviour in at-risk children: Contribution of subjective well-being and family cohesion. Child & Family Social Work, 17(3), 284-295. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2206.2011.00779.x
• Holt, J. L., & Gillespie, W. (2008). Intergenerational transmission of violence, threatened egoism, and reciprocity: A test of multiple psychosocial factors affecting intimate partner violence. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 33, 252-266. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12103-008-9036-0
• Howell, K. H., Graham-Bermann, S. A., Czyz, E., & Lilly, M. (2010). Assessing resilience in preschool children exposed to intimate partner violence. Violence and Victims, 25, 150–164. https://doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.25.2.150
• Izaguirre, A., & Calvete, E. (2015). Children who are exposed to intimate partner violence: Interviewing mothers to understand its impact on children. Child Abuse & Neglect, 48, 58–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.05.002
• Karney, B. R., & Bradbury, T. N. (1995). The Longitudinal Course of Marital Quality and Stability : A Review of Theory, Method, and Research, 118(1), 3–34. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.118.1.3
• Kitzmann, K. M., Gaylord, N. K., Holt, A. R., & Kenny, E. D. (2003). Child witnesses to domestic violence: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,71,339–352. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006x.71.2.339
• Lambert, M., Fleming, T., Ameratunga, S., Robinson, E., Crengle, S., Sheridan, J., Denny, S., Clark, T., & Merry, S. (2014). Looking on the bright side: An assessment of factors associated with adolescents' happiness. Advances in Mental Health, 12(2), 101-109. https://doi.org/10.1080/18374905.2014.11081888
• Lepistö, S., Åstedt-Kurki, P., Joronen, K., Luukkaala, T., & Paavilainen, E. (2010). Adolescents' experiences of coping with domestic violence. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 66(6), 1232-1245. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6712.2010.00792.x
• Li, S.T., Nussbaum K. M., & Richards M. H. (2007). Risk and protective factors for urban African American youth. American Journal of Community Psychology. 39(1):21–35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-007-9088-1
• Lim, B. H., Adams, L. A., & Lilly, M. M. (2012). Self-worth as a mediator between attachment and posttraumatic stress in interpersonal trauma. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27(10), 2039-2061. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260511431440
• López-Soler, C., Alcántara-López, M., Castro, M., Sánchez-Meca, J., & Fernández, V. (2017). The Association between Maternal Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence and Emotional and Behavioral Problems in Spanish Children and Adolescents. Journal of Family Violence, 32(2), 135-144. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-016-9864-5
• Lloyd, M. (2018). Domestic violence and education: Examining the impact of domestic violence on young children, children, and young people and the potential role of schools. Frontiers in Psychology, 9,2090. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02094
• MacDonell, K. (2012). The combined and independent impact of witnessed intimate partner violence and child maltreatment. Partner Abuse, 3(3), 358–378. https://doi.org/10.1891/1946-6560.3.3.358
• Matheson, F. I., Daoud, N., Hamilton-Wright, S., Borenstein, H., Pedersen, C., & O'Campo, P. (2015). Where did she go? the transformation of self-esteem, self-identity, and mental well-being among women who have experienced intimate partner violence. Women's Health Issues, 25(5), 561-569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.whi.2015.04.006
• Maxwell, K., Callahan, J. L., Ruggero, C. J., & Janis, B. (2016). Breaking the cycle: Association of attending therapy following childhood abuse and subsequent perpetration of violence. Journal of Family Violence, 31, 251-258. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-015-9765-z
• McDonald, S. E., Corona, R., Maternick, A., Ascione, F. R., Williams, J. H., & Graham-Bermann, S. A. (2016). Children’s exposure to intimate partner violence and their social, school, and activities competence: Latent profiles and correlates. Journal of Family Violence, 31(7), 849–864. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-016-9846-7
• Miller-Graff, L., Cater, Å. K., Howell, K. H., & Graham-Bermann, S. (2016). Parent-child warmth as a potential mediator of childhood exposure to intimate partner violence and positive adulthood functioning. Anxiety, Stress & Coping: An International Journal, 29(3), 259-273. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2015.1028030
• Milner, A. N., & Baker, E. H. (2017). Athletic participation and intimate partner violence victimization: Investigating sport involvement, self-esteem, and abuse patterns for women and men. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 32(2), 268-289. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260515585543
• Montero, I., Escriba, V., Ruiz-Perez, I., Vives-Cases, C., Martín-Baena, D., Talavera, M., & Plazaola, J. (2011). Interpersonal violence and women's psychological well-being. Journal of Women's Health, 20(2), 295–301. https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2010.2136
• Moore, S., & Diener, E. (2019). Types of subjective well-being and their associations with relationship outcomes. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 3(2), 112-118. https://www.journalppw.com/index.php/JPPW/article/view/118
• Karayagiz Muslu, G., Coşkun Cenk, S., & Sarlak, D. (2020). An analysis of the relationship between high school students' tendency toward violence, self-esteem, and competitive attitude. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 35(23-24), 5976–5996. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260517723742
• Murphy, C. M., Stosny, S., & Morrel, T. M. (2005). Change in self-esteem and physical aggression during treatment for partner violent men. Journal of Family Violence, 20, 201- 210. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-005-5983-0
• Muthén, L.K. & Muthén, B.O. (1998). Mplus user’s guide. Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén
• Papadakaki, M., Tzamalouka, G. S., Chatzifotiou, S., & Chliaoutakis, J. (2009). Seeking for risk factors of intimate partner violence (IPV) in a greek national sample: The role of self-esteem. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 24(5), 732-750. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260508317181
• Paterson, J., Carter, S., Gao, W., Cowley-Malcolm, E., & Iusitini, L. (2008). Maternal intimate partner violence and behavioral problems among Pacific children living in New Zealand. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49(4), 395–404. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01841.x
• Riesen, Y., & Porath, M. (2004). Self-worth and social support of children exposed to marital violence. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 19(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.7870/cjcmh-2004-0017
• Sargent, K. S., Krauss, A., Jouriles, E. N., & McDonald, R. (2016). Cyber victimization, psychological intimate partner violence, and problematic mental health outcomes among first-year college students. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 19(9), 545–550. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2016.0115
• Silva, E. P., Ludermir, A. B., Lima, M. C., Eickmann, S. H., & Emond, A. (2019). Mental health of children exposed to intimate partner violence against their mother: A longitudinal study from Brazil. Child Abuse & Neglect, 92, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.03.002
• Skeen, S., Macedo, A., Tomlinson, M., Hensels, I. S., & Sherr, L. (2016). Exposure to violence and psychological well-being over time in children affected by HIV/AIDS in South Africa and Malawi. AIDS Care, 28(Suppl. 1), 16–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2016.1146219
• Smith, J. R. (2011). Self-worth, shame, and aggression in offenders of domestic violence (Doctoral Dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest (Order No. AAI3463643).
• Tajima, E. A., Herrenkohl, T. I., Moylan, C. A., & Derr, A. S. (2011). Moderating the Effects of Childhood Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence: The Roles of Parenting Characteristics and Adolescent Peer Support. Journal of Research on Adolescence: The Official Journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence, 21(2), 376–394. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532- 7795.2010.00676.x
• Tan, S. Y., & Wong, T. K. (2012). Existential therapy: Empirical evidence and clinical applications from a Christian perspective. Journal of Psychology and Christianity, 31, 272–277. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A342175860/AONE?u=anon~d631654d&sid=googleScholar&xid=db59f773
• Teng, Z., Liu, Y., & Guo, C. (2015). A meta-analysis of the relationship between self-esteem and aggression among Chinese students. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 21, 45-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2015.01.005
• Trocme, N., & Wolfe D. A. (2001). Child maltreatment in Canada: Selected results from the Canadian Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse & Neglect. Minister of Public Works and Governmental Services, Ottawa, Canada.
• UNICEF. (2020). Violence against children. https://www.unicef.org/protection/violence-against-children
• Ugur, H., Constantinescu, P.M., & Stevens, M.J. (2015). Self-awareness and personal growth: Theory and application of Bloom’s Taxonomy. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 60, 89-110. https://doi.org/10.14689/ejer.2015.60.6
• Walker, J., & Knauer, V. (2011). Humiliation, self-esteem, and violence. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 22(5), 724-741. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2011.617542
• World Health Organization (2013). Global and regional estimates of violence against women: Prevalence and health effects of intimate partner violence and non-partner sexual violence. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/85239/9789241564625_eng.pdf;jsessionid=0564837DEA552089395B36D59BECE7F1?sequence=1
• World Health Organization (2014). Mental health: A state of well-being. Retrieved from: http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/mental_health/en/
• World Health Organization (2016). Violence against women. Retrieved from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs239/en/
• Yıldırım, M., & Çelik Tanrıverdi, F. (2020). Social Support, Resilience and Subjective Well-being in College Students. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 5(2), 127-135. https://doi.org/10.47602/jpsp.v5i2.229
• Yoon, S., Dillard, R., Pei, F., Mccarthy, K. S., Beaujolais, B., Wang, X., Maguire-Jack, K., Wolf, K., & Cochey, S. (2020). Defining resilience in maltreated children from the practitioners’ perspectives: A qualitative study. Child Abuse & Neglect, 106, 104516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104516.
• Yount, K. M., Miedema, S. S., Martin, C. C., Crandall, A., & Naved, R. T. (2016). Men’s coercive control, partner violence perpetration, and life satisfaction in Bangladesh. Sex Roles: A Journal of Research, 74(9-10), 450–463. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-016-0584-3