Impact of Bioreef Block Application on Coral Fish Community Structure in Tanjung Seloka Waters, Kotabaru, South Kalimantan Indonesia
Year 2025,
Volume: 11 Issue: 4, 279 - 290, 01.12.2025
Frans Tony
Maulana Malik Muhammad
Rina Iskandar
,
Muhammad Firzatullah
Abstract
The Tanjung Seloka Sea waters, located in Pulau Laut Selatan District, Kotabaru Regency, South Kalimantan, serve as one of the selected locations for the application of Bioreef Block technology by PT State Electricity Company (Persero) East Kalimantan Development Unit. This innovation functions as a substrate for coral planula larval attachment and provides shelter for reef fish, utilizing Fly Ash and Bottom Ash as environmentally friendly construction materials. The objective of this study was to analyze the structure of the coral fish community associated with the Bioreef Block in the Tanjung Seloka waters. Data collection was conducted using the Underwater Visual Census (UVC) method. Research variables included fish species abundance, diversity, evenness, dominance, and water quality parameters such as temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), current velocity, brightness, and depth. In-situ measurements were carried out to obtain accurate environmental data. Findings indicated a notable increase in fish abundance and species richness following the installation of Bioreef Block. The target fish group was dominant, comprising 10 groups, followed by one major group and one indicator group, resulting in a total abundance of 3,160 individuals. Despite a low diversity index (H'), which suggests environmental stress, the high evenness index (E') reflects a stable fish community. Favorable environmental parameters also supported the success of the Bioreef Block in enhancing reef fish habitat and sustainability.
Ethical Statement
No ethics committee permissions is required for this study.
Supporting Institution
PT State Electricity Company (Persero) East Kalimantan Main Development Unit, which provided support and facilitation for this research. The author would also like to thank the Indonesian Subaquatic Sport Association, South Kalimantan, the Dean of the Faculty of Agriculture, Achmad Yani University, Banjarmasin, the Dean of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Lambung Mangkurat University, as well as the Village Head and the entire community of Tanjung Seloka Village for their contributi
Thanks
Thanks to PT State Electricity Company (Persero) East Kalimantan Main Development Unit, which provided support and facilitation for this research. The author would also like to thank the Indonesian Subaquatic Sport Association, South Kalimantan, the Dean of the Faculty of Agriculture, Achmad Yani University, Banjarmasin, the Dean of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Lambung Mangkurat University, as well as the Village Head and the entire community of Tanjung Seloka Village for their contributions, cooperation, and support. Gratitude is also expressed to all parties who have helped, both directly and indirectly, so that this activity can be carried out well and achieve the expected results. Hopefully this effort will provide sustainable benefits for society and the environment.
References
-
Arbi, U.Y. (2012). Mollusc Community in Seagrass Beds of Wori Beach, North Sulawesi. Jurnal Bumi Nusantara, 12(1): 55-65
-
Babcock, R., Smith, L. (2000). Effect of sedimentation on coral settlement and survivorship, Proceeding of the 9th International Coral Reef Symposium, 23–27 p., Indonesia.
-
Brower, J.E. and Zar, J. H. (1977). Field and Laboratory Methods for General Ecology. Brown Co Publishers, Iowa, USA.
-
Coralwatch, (2011). Coral reefs and climate change: A guide to education and awareness building. 272 p., The University of Queensland.
-
Dahuri, R. (2003). Marine biodiversity: Sustainable development of Indonesia. Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta.
-
Faturohman, I., Nurruhwati, S.I. (2016). The correlation of plankton abundance with seawater temperature at Cirebon steam electricity power station. Journal of Marine Fisheries, 7(1): 115-122. [Indonesian]
-
Feely, R.A., Orr, J., Fabry, V.J., Kleypas, J.A., Sabine, C.L., Langdon, C. (2009). Present and future changes in seawater chemistry due to ocean acidification. Geophysical Monograph Series, 183: 175-188. doi: 10.1029/2005GM000337.
-
Howard, K.G., Schumacher, B.D., Parrish, J.D. (2009). Community structure and habitat associations of parrotfishes on Oahu, Hawaii. Environmental Biology of fishes, 85(2): 175-186. doi: 10.1007/s10641-009-9478-3.
-
Iskandar, R., Tony, F. (2013). Sedimentation study at the Angsana River estuary, Angsana District, Tanah Bumbu Regency, South Kalimantan. Enviro Scientae, 9: 106–111.
-
Iskandar, R., Soemarno, R., Kusuma, Z., Wiadnya, D.G, (2020). Association between Coral Community Coverage with Coral Reef Fish Communities at Samber Gelap Island, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology & Fisheries Zoology, 25(3): 861 – 881
-
Iskandar, R., Tony, F., Muhammad, M.M., Firzatullah, M. (2025). Analysis of coral reef community structure and coral cover in Tanjung Seloka Village, Pulau Laut Selatan District, Kotabaru District, South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research, 27(5): 33–41.
-
Jainuddin., A., Aftar, A.R. (2015). Condition of Kima coral reef cover in the waters of Bunati Village, Angsana District, Tana Bumbu Regency, South Kalimantan Province. DFish Scientiae Journal, 5(10): 122- 131.
-
Manginsela, F.B., Rondo, M., Rondonuwu, A.B., Kambey, A.D., Lumuindong, F. (2016). Aquatic ecology of Manado Bay, 451 p, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University.
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Nybakken, J.W. (2000). Marine Biology: An Ecological Approach, PT. Gramedia, Jakarta.
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Odum, E.P. (1993). Basics of Ecology, Third edition, Gajahmada University Press, Yogyakarta.
-
Oktarina, A., Kamal, E., Soeparno, (2014). Assessment of Coral Reef Conditions and Management Strategies on Panjang Island, Air Bangis, West Pasaman Regency. Jurnal Natur Indonesia, 16(1): 23–31.
-
Putri, M.R., Setiawan, A., Safitri, M. (2015). Variation of ocean pH in the Indonesian waters. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1677: 060021. doi: 10.1063/1.4930701.
-
Rahayu, S. (1991). Research on Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Levels in Water for Fish Life. BPPT No.XL V/1991, Jakarta.
-
Sarbini, R., Kuslani, H., Nugraha, Y. (2016). Coral Reef Cover Observation Technique Using Line Intercept Transect on Kumbang Island, Karimun Jawa Islands. Litkayasa Engineering Bulletin, 14(1): 33-42.
-
Smyth, K., Elliott, M. (2016). Effects of changing salinity on the ecology of the marine environment. In: “Stressors in The Marine Environment-Chapter 9”. (Editors: M. Solan, N.M. Whiteley), Oxford University Press, Oxford.
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Souhoka, J. (2020). Condition and types of hard coral (Scleractinia) in Manado Bay Sea, North Sulawesi. Journal of Marine and Island Sciences, 3(1): 59–76.
-
Tony, F., Iskandar, R., Rifa’i, M.A., Khasanah, R.I. (2021). Effectiveness of Bioreef Block Technology on Reef Fish Diversity in Marine Waters of Sungai Cuka Village At Kintap District, Tanah Laut Regency of South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences, 115(7): 239–248. doi: 10.18551/rjoas.2021-07.24.
-
Tony, F., Bijaksana, U., Fitriliyani, I., Mahmud, A., Widiyanto, D., Hutomo, M., Iskandar, R. (2025). Coral reef coverage in the 17 Islands Marine Natural Tourism Park, Riung District, Ngada Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. International Journal of Research and Reviews, 12(2): 89-101. doi: 10.52403/ijrr.20250211.
-
Yulius, R.A., Heriati, A., Salim, H.L., Ramdhan, M. (2016). Study of water quality in Central Lombok waters as a regional marine conservation area. In: “Anthology: Coastal resources science and technology for the development of blue economy in Lombok Island” (Editors: T. Arifin et al.), IPB Press, pp. Insert pages.
Endonezya, Güney Kalimantan, Kotabaru, Tanjung Seloka Sularında Biyoreef Blok Uygulamasının Mercan Balık Topluluğu Yapısına Etkisi
Year 2025,
Volume: 11 Issue: 4, 279 - 290, 01.12.2025
Frans Tony
Maulana Malik Muhammad
Rina Iskandar
,
Muhammad Firzatullah
Abstract
Güney Kalimantan, Kotabaru Naipliği, Pulau Laut Selatan Bölgesi'nde bulunan Tanjung Seloka Denizi suları, PT Devlet Elektrik Şirketi (Persero) Doğu Kalimantan Geliştirme Birimi tarafından Bioreef Block teknolojisinin uygulanması için seçilen yerlerden biri olarak hizmet vermektedir. Bu yenilik, mercan planula larvalarının tutunması için bir alt tabaka görevi görüyor ve resif balıkları için barınak sağlıyor; çevre dostu yapı malzemeleri olarak Uçan Kül ve Dip Külü kullanılıyor. Bu çalışmanın amacı Tanjung Seloka sularında bulunan Bioreef Block'a bağlı mercan balığı topluluğunun yapısını analiz etmektir. Veri toplama işlemi Sualtı Görsel Sayımı (UVC) yöntemi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma değişkenleri arasında balık türlerinin bolluğu, çeşitliliği, dengeliği, baskınlığı ve sıcaklık, tuzluluk, pH, çözünmüş oksijen (DO), akıntı hızı, parlaklık ve derinlik gibi su kalitesi parametreleri yer almaktadır. Doğru çevresel verilerin elde edilmesi amacıyla yerinde ölçümler yapılmıştır. Bulgular, Bioreef Block'un kurulumunun ardından balık bolluğunda ve tür zenginliğinde belirgin bir artış olduğunu göstermiştir. 10 hedef türün baskın olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bunları bir ana grup ve bir indikatör grub takip etmiş olup, toplam 3.160 bireylik bollukla tespit edilmiştir. Düşük çeşitlilik indeksi (H') çevresel stresi gösterirken, yüksek eşitlik indeksi (E') istikrarlı bir balık topluluğunu yansıtır. Uygun çevresel parametreler de Bioreef Block'un resif balıklarının yaşam alanlarını iyileştirme ve sürdürülebilirliğini sağlamadaki başarısını desteklemiştir.
Ethical Statement
Bu çalışma için etik kurul iznine gerek yoktur.
Supporting Institution
Bu araştırmaya destek ve kolaylık sağlayan PT Devlet Elektrik Şirketi (Persero) Doğu Kalimantan Ana Geliştirme Birimi'ne. Yazar ayrıca Güney Kalimantan Endonezya Sualtı Sporları Derneği'ne, Banjarmasin'deki Achmad Yani Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dekanı'na, Lambung Mangkurat Üniversitesi Balıkçılık ve Deniz Bilimleri Fakültesi Dekanı'na ve ayrıca Köy Muhtarı'na ve Tanjung Seloka Köyü'nün tüm topluluğuna katkıları, iş birlikleri ve destekleri için teşekkür etmek ister.
Thanks
Bu araştırmaya destek ve kolaylık sağlayan PT Devlet Elektrik Şirketi (Persero) Doğu Kalimantan Ana Geliştirme Birimi'ne teşekkürler. Yazar ayrıca Endonezya Sualtı Sporları Derneği, Güney Kalimantan, Achmad Yani Üniversitesi Tarım Fakültesi Dekanı, Banjarmasin, Lambung Mangkurat Üniversitesi Balıkçılık ve Deniz Bilimleri Fakültesi Dekanı, Köy Muhtarı ve Tanjung Seloka Köyü'nün tüm topluluğuna katkıları, işbirlikleri ve destekleri için teşekkür etmek ister. Ayrıca, bu faaliyetin iyi bir şekilde gerçekleştirilebilmesi ve beklenen sonuçlara ulaşılabilmesi için hem doğrudan hem de dolaylı olarak yardım eden tüm taraflara şükranlarımızı sunarız. Umarım bu çaba toplum ve çevre için sürdürülebilir faydalar sağlar.
References
-
Arbi, U.Y. (2012). Mollusc Community in Seagrass Beds of Wori Beach, North Sulawesi. Jurnal Bumi Nusantara, 12(1): 55-65
-
Babcock, R., Smith, L. (2000). Effect of sedimentation on coral settlement and survivorship, Proceeding of the 9th International Coral Reef Symposium, 23–27 p., Indonesia.
-
Brower, J.E. and Zar, J. H. (1977). Field and Laboratory Methods for General Ecology. Brown Co Publishers, Iowa, USA.
-
Coralwatch, (2011). Coral reefs and climate change: A guide to education and awareness building. 272 p., The University of Queensland.
-
Dahuri, R. (2003). Marine biodiversity: Sustainable development of Indonesia. Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta.
-
Faturohman, I., Nurruhwati, S.I. (2016). The correlation of plankton abundance with seawater temperature at Cirebon steam electricity power station. Journal of Marine Fisheries, 7(1): 115-122. [Indonesian]
-
Feely, R.A., Orr, J., Fabry, V.J., Kleypas, J.A., Sabine, C.L., Langdon, C. (2009). Present and future changes in seawater chemistry due to ocean acidification. Geophysical Monograph Series, 183: 175-188. doi: 10.1029/2005GM000337.
-
Howard, K.G., Schumacher, B.D., Parrish, J.D. (2009). Community structure and habitat associations of parrotfishes on Oahu, Hawaii. Environmental Biology of fishes, 85(2): 175-186. doi: 10.1007/s10641-009-9478-3.
-
Iskandar, R., Tony, F. (2013). Sedimentation study at the Angsana River estuary, Angsana District, Tanah Bumbu Regency, South Kalimantan. Enviro Scientae, 9: 106–111.
-
Iskandar, R., Soemarno, R., Kusuma, Z., Wiadnya, D.G, (2020). Association between Coral Community Coverage with Coral Reef Fish Communities at Samber Gelap Island, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology & Fisheries Zoology, 25(3): 861 – 881
-
Iskandar, R., Tony, F., Muhammad, M.M., Firzatullah, M. (2025). Analysis of coral reef community structure and coral cover in Tanjung Seloka Village, Pulau Laut Selatan District, Kotabaru District, South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research, 27(5): 33–41.
-
Jainuddin., A., Aftar, A.R. (2015). Condition of Kima coral reef cover in the waters of Bunati Village, Angsana District, Tana Bumbu Regency, South Kalimantan Province. DFish Scientiae Journal, 5(10): 122- 131.
-
Manginsela, F.B., Rondo, M., Rondonuwu, A.B., Kambey, A.D., Lumuindong, F. (2016). Aquatic ecology of Manado Bay, 451 p, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University.
-
Nybakken, J.W. (2000). Marine Biology: An Ecological Approach, PT. Gramedia, Jakarta.
-
Odum, E.P. (1993). Basics of Ecology, Third edition, Gajahmada University Press, Yogyakarta.
-
Oktarina, A., Kamal, E., Soeparno, (2014). Assessment of Coral Reef Conditions and Management Strategies on Panjang Island, Air Bangis, West Pasaman Regency. Jurnal Natur Indonesia, 16(1): 23–31.
-
Putri, M.R., Setiawan, A., Safitri, M. (2015). Variation of ocean pH in the Indonesian waters. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1677: 060021. doi: 10.1063/1.4930701.
-
Rahayu, S. (1991). Research on Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Levels in Water for Fish Life. BPPT No.XL V/1991, Jakarta.
-
Sarbini, R., Kuslani, H., Nugraha, Y. (2016). Coral Reef Cover Observation Technique Using Line Intercept Transect on Kumbang Island, Karimun Jawa Islands. Litkayasa Engineering Bulletin, 14(1): 33-42.
-
Smyth, K., Elliott, M. (2016). Effects of changing salinity on the ecology of the marine environment. In: “Stressors in The Marine Environment-Chapter 9”. (Editors: M. Solan, N.M. Whiteley), Oxford University Press, Oxford.
-
Souhoka, J. (2020). Condition and types of hard coral (Scleractinia) in Manado Bay Sea, North Sulawesi. Journal of Marine and Island Sciences, 3(1): 59–76.
-
Tony, F., Iskandar, R., Rifa’i, M.A., Khasanah, R.I. (2021). Effectiveness of Bioreef Block Technology on Reef Fish Diversity in Marine Waters of Sungai Cuka Village At Kintap District, Tanah Laut Regency of South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences, 115(7): 239–248. doi: 10.18551/rjoas.2021-07.24.
-
Tony, F., Bijaksana, U., Fitriliyani, I., Mahmud, A., Widiyanto, D., Hutomo, M., Iskandar, R. (2025). Coral reef coverage in the 17 Islands Marine Natural Tourism Park, Riung District, Ngada Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. International Journal of Research and Reviews, 12(2): 89-101. doi: 10.52403/ijrr.20250211.
-
Yulius, R.A., Heriati, A., Salim, H.L., Ramdhan, M. (2016). Study of water quality in Central Lombok waters as a regional marine conservation area. In: “Anthology: Coastal resources science and technology for the development of blue economy in Lombok Island” (Editors: T. Arifin et al.), IPB Press, pp. Insert pages.