Marmara Gölü (Batı Anadolu/Türkiye)’nde sazanın (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758) üreme biyolojisinin bazı özellikleri

Year 2022, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 69 - 79, 01.06.2022

Hakkı Dereli , Turhan Kebapçıoğlu , Yusuf Şen

https://doi.org/10.52998/trjmms.1090605

Abstract

Önemli bir tatlı su ticari türü olan sazan balığının (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758) üreme biyolojisi konusunda Türkiye'nin bazı gölleri için bilgi eksikliği bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Türkiye'nin batısında yer alan Marmara Gölü'ndeki sazan balıklarının üreme özelliklerinden yumurtlama periyodu ve ilk olgunluk boyunu (Lm50) ilk kez belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Aralık 2015 ile Kasım 2016 arasında toplam 650 balık örneklenmiştir. Cinsiyet oranı (♂:♀), 0,88:1 olarak hesaplanmıştır (p<0,05). Yumurtlama dönemi Şubat ayında zirve yapmakta ve Mayıs ayına kadar devam etmektedir. İlk olgunluk boyu, dişiler ve erkekler için sırasıyla 43,7 cm ve 39,6 cm olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma aynı zamanda göllerdeki sazan balıklarının bazı üreme özelliklerini Anadolu'nun en batı noktasından ortaya koymuştur.

Keywords

Cyprinus carpio, Sazan balığı, İlk olgunluk boyu, Yumurtlama periyodu

Supporting Institution

Izmir Katip Çelebi University Scientific Research Projects

Project Number

2014-GAP-SUÜF-0007

Thanks

We thank Saniye Türk Çulha, Fikret Öndes, Mirati Erdoğuş, Zeki Serkan Ölçek, Murathan Özdemir and Fatma Rabia Karaduman for their help with the laboratory studies.

Some aspects of the reproductive biology of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758) in Marmara Lake, Western Anatolia, Turkey

Abstract

There is a knowledge gap in some lakes of Turkey regarding the reproductive biology of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758), a very important freshwater commercial species. This study aims to determine for the first time the spawning period and length at first maturity (Lm50) from the reproductive characteristics of common carp in Marmara Lake in Western Turkey. A total of 650 individuals were sampled between December 2015 and November 2016. The sex ratio (♂:♀) was calculated as 0.88:1 (p<0.05). The spawning period peaked in February and continued until May. Length at first maturity was 43.7 cm and 39.6 cm for females and males, respectively. This study also presented some reproductive characteristics of common carp in the lake from the westernmost point for Anatolia.

Keywords

Cyprinus carpio, Common carp, Length at first maturity, Spawning period

Project Number

2014-GAP-SUÜF-0007

References

• Adamek, J.A., Pistelok, F. (1991). Acceleration of sexual maturity of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) through alternate rearing in ponds and under controlled conditions. Acta Hydrobiologica 33: 87-98.
• Armstrong, D.W., Ferro, R.S.T., MacLennan, D.N., Reeves, S.A., (1990). Gear selectivity and the conservation of fish. Journal of Fish Biology 37: 261-262. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.1990.tb05060.x.
• Avşar, D. (2005). Fisheries Biology and Population Dynamics, First edition, p. 332, Adana, Nobel Publications.
• Bagenal, T.B., Tesch, F.W. (1978). Age and Growth. In: “Methods for Assessment of Fish Production in Fresh Waters”, (Editor: T.B. Bagenal), Blackwell Science Publication, pp. 101-136, Oxford.
• Balık, İ., Çubuk, H., (2001). The some reproduction characteristics of pikeperch (Stizostedion lucioperca (L., 1758)) and carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) population in Karakaören I Dam Lake. Süleyman Demirel University Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 5(2): 15–24.
• Bircan, R., (1993). A study on the reproduction biology of the carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) in the Balık Lakes of Bafra. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 17(4): 291–297.
• Bircan, R., Erdem, M., (1997). Investigations on the reproduction characters of the common carp, Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, in the Altınkaya Dam Lake. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 21(3): 255–261.
• Bondarev, D.L., Kunah, O.M., Fedushko, M.P., Gubanova, N.L., (2019). The impact of temporal patterns of temperature and precipitation on silver Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio) spawning events. Biosystems Diversity 27(2): 106-117.
• Çetinkaya, O., (1992). Studies on the carp population (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) in Akşehir Lake II. Population structure, reproduction and feeding. Turkish Journal of Zoology 16(1): 30–42.
• Çolakoğlu, S., Akyurt, İ., (2013). Reproductive properties of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) living in Bayramiç Dam Lake. Fırat University Journal of Science 25(2): 161–166.
• Doğan, Y. (2001). The investigation of some biological features of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) living in Çamlıdere Dam Lake. MSc Thesis, Gazi University, Ankara.
• Düzgüneş, E. (1985). Stock prediction and research on the population dynamics of carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) in Lake Mogan. Ph.D. Thesis, Ankara University, Ankara.
• Froese, R., Pauly, D. (2022). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. Accessed Date: 15.03.2022, www.fishbase.org is retrieved.
• Güç, G. (2006). The reproduction biology of mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758) living in Keban Dam Lake (Elazig). MSc Thesis, Fırat University, Elazığ.
• Holden, M.J., Raitt, D.F.S., (1974). Manual of fisheries science. Part 2- Methods of resource investigation and their application. FAO Fisheries Technical Papers, No. 115, Rome, 223 pp.
• Karataş, M., (2000). Investigations on the reproduction properties of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) population in Kazova Kaz Lake, Tokat, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 24(3): 261–265.
• Karataş, M., Sezer, M., (2005). Reproduction characteristics of population of carp (Cyprinus carpio) inhabiting in Almus Dam Lake, Turkey. Journal of Biological Sciences 5(2): 119–123.
• Karataş, M., Başusta, N., Gökçe, M.A., (2010). Reproduction of Fish. In: “Fish Biology and Research Methods”, (Editor: M. Karataş), Nobel Publishing, pp. 63-92, Ankara.
• Kılıç, S. (2003). Population and fishing of carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) in Yeniçağa Lake. MSc Thesis, Karadeniz University, Trabzon.
• Kırankaya, Ş.G. (2007). A comparative study on growth, reproduction and feeding biology of mirror carp, wild carp (Cyprinus carpio, L., 1758) and prussian carp [Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782)] in Gelingüllü Dam Lake (Yozgat-Turkey). Ph.D. Thesis, Hacettepe University, Ankara.
• Kottelat, M., Freyhof, J. (2007). Handbook of European Freshwater Fishes, p. 646, Berlin, Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof. Mert, R., Bulut, S., Solak, K., (2008). Some biological characteristics of Cyprinus carpio (L., 1758) inhabiting Apa Dam Lake (Konya-Turkey). Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Science 2(1): 47–60.
• Official Gazette, (2016). Notification 4/1 regulating (2016/35) commercial fishing for 2016-2020. Official Gazette dated 13/8/2016 and numbered 29800.
• Official Gazette, (2020). Notification 5/1 regulating (2020/20) commercial fishing for 2020-2024. Official Gazette dated 22/8/2020 and numbered 31221.
• Oyugi, D.O., Cucherousset, J., Ntiba, M.J., Kisia, S.M., Harper, D.M., Britton, J.R. (2011). Life history traits of an equitorial Common carp, Cyprinus carpio population in relation to thermal influences on invasive populations. Fisheries Research 110: 92-97.
• Özcan, G., Balık, S., (2007). Meat yield and gonadosomatic index of carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) in Kemer Dam Lake. Turkish Journal of Aquatic Life 5–8: 176–180.
• Özyurt, C.E., Avşar, D., (2001). Identification of some biological characteristics for carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758) in Seyhan Dam Lake. Ege University Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences 18(3-4): 333-342. http://www.egejfas.org/tr/download/article-file/58118.
• Ricker, W.E., (1975). Computation and interpretation of biological statistics of fish populations. Fisheries Research Board of Canadian Bulletin 191: 1-382. https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/10016973009/.
• Şen, F. (2001). A study on the carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) population of the Lake Nazik (Ahlat-Bitlis-Türkiye). Ph.D. Thesis, Atatürk University, Erzurum.
• Tokai, T., (1997). Maximum likelihood parameter estimates of a mesh selectivity logistic model through SOLVER on MS-Excel. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Fisheries Oceanography 61(3): 288-298.
• Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK), Fishery Statistics, (2022). Accessed Date: 15.03.2022, https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?locale=tr is retrieved.
• Vilizzi, L., Tarkan, A.S., Ekmekci, F.G., (2014). Reproductive biology of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) in Anatolia (Turkey): A review. Mediterranean Marine Science 15(1): 213–224. doi: 10.12681/mms.738.
• Yerli, S., Zengin, M., (1998). An investigation on the reproduction of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758)) from Çıldır Lake-Turkey. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 22(4): 309-313.
• Yılmaz, M. (1994). Bioecological characteristics of the carp and fish of Kapulukaya Dam Lake (Kırıkkale). Ph.D. Thesis, Gazi University, Ankara.
• Yılmaz, M., Gül, A., (2002). Reproductive properties of Cyprinus carpio L., 1758 living in Hirfanlı Dam Lake. Gazi University Journal of Gazi Educational Faculty 22(1): 25–39.
• Yildiz, T., Ulman, A., (2020). Analyzing gaps in policy: Evaluation of the effectiveness of minimum landing sizes (MLS) regulations in Turkey. Marine Policy 115: 103829.
• Zar, J.H. (1999). Biostatistical Analysis, p. 663, New Jersey, Prentice Hall.