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A review of friction stir welding parameters, process and application fields

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 4, 286 - 295, 05.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.1107210

Abstract

It is important to join materials for systems that require high-performance and to minimize the defects that may occur during this joining. Welding is the most common way for joining materials but for lightweight and similar/ dissimilar materials, Friction Stir Welding preferable for its high-performance joining properties. Lightweight and durable materials such as aluminum alloys are widely used in sectors such as defense industry, aerospace industry, automotive industry, and high-speed train manufacturing. Some of these materials cannot be welded by conventional methods due to their high thermal conductivity and low melting point. In welding processes, material properties are expected to be as close as possible to base material. Friction stir welding (FSW) is a joining method that provides welding below the melting point of materials that cannot be welded by conventional methods or where the welding process causes the mechanical structure of the material to deteriorate. In this study, Friction Stir Welding process, advantages and disadvantages and application fields of Friction Stir Welding were examined.

References

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  • Verma, S., Kumar, V., Kumar, R., & Sidhu, R. S. (2022). Exploring the application domain of friction stir welding in aluminum and other alloys. Materials Today: Proceedings, 50, 1032-1042. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.07.449
  • Singh, K., Singh, G., & Singh, H. (2019). Microstructure and mechanical behaviour of friction-stir-welded magnesium alloys: As-Welded and post weld heat treated. Materials Today Communications, 20, 100600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2019.100600
  • Singh, K., Singh, G., & Singh, H. (2019). Investigation on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a dissimilar friction stir welded joint of magnesium alloys. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications, 233(12), 2444–2454. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464420719865292
  • Cakan, A., Ugurlu, M., & Kaygusuz, E. (2019). Effect of weld parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar friction stir joints between pure copper and the aluminum alloy AA7075-T6, 61(2), 142–148. https://doi.org/10.3139/120.111297
  • Singh, K., Singh, G., & Singh, H. (2021). Influence of post welding heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welding joint of AZ31 Mg alloy. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering, 235(5), 1375–1382. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954408921997626
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  • Singh, K., Sehgal, A. K., Singh, G., & Singh, H. (2022). Influence of PWHT on FSW joint of AZ61 Mg alloy. International Conference on Latest Developments in Materials & Manufacturing, 60, 2217–2221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.03.117
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Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 4, 286 - 295, 05.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.1107210

Abstract

Supporting Institution

Bingöl Üniversitesi

References

  • Kutz, M. (2006). Materials and Mechanical Design. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Kumar, N., Mishra, R. S., & Yuan, W. (2015). Friction stir welding of dissimilar alloys and materials. Butterworth-Heinemann.
  • Norrish, J. (1992). Advanced welding processes. Springer Science & Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1533/9781845691707.218
  • Cooper, D. R., & Allwood, J. M. (2014). The influence of deformation conditions in solid-state aluminium welding processes on the resulting weld strength. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 214(11), 2576-2592. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2014.04.018
  • Duarte, A., Queirós, G. W., Sanchez, L. G., de Salazar, J. M. G., & Portal, A. J. C. (2018). Welding by Hot Forging of Two Carbon Steels for the Manufacture of Spanish and Japanese Weapons. Journal of Material Sciences & Engineering, 7(446), 2169-0022.
  • Djurdjanovic, M. B., Mijajlovic, M. M., Milcic, D. S., & Stamenkovic, D. S. (2009). Heat generation during friction stir welding process. Tribology in industry, 31(1&2), 8.
  • Verma, S., Kumar, V., Kumar, R., & Sidhu, R. S. (2022). Exploring the application domain of friction stir welding in aluminum and other alloys. Materials Today: Proceedings, 50, 1032-1042. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.07.449
  • Singh, K., Singh, G., & Singh, H. (2019). Microstructure and mechanical behaviour of friction-stir-welded magnesium alloys: As-Welded and post weld heat treated. Materials Today Communications, 20, 100600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2019.100600
  • Singh, K., Singh, G., & Singh, H. (2019). Investigation on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a dissimilar friction stir welded joint of magnesium alloys. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications, 233(12), 2444–2454. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464420719865292
  • Cakan, A., Ugurlu, M., & Kaygusuz, E. (2019). Effect of weld parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar friction stir joints between pure copper and the aluminum alloy AA7075-T6, 61(2), 142–148. https://doi.org/10.3139/120.111297
  • Singh, K., Singh, G., & Singh, H. (2021). Influence of post welding heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welding joint of AZ31 Mg alloy. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering, 235(5), 1375–1382. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954408921997626
  • Wang, T., Feng, Z., & Wang, R. (2022). Study on Friction Stir Welding and Heat Treatment of 7050 Aluminum Alloy. In B. Duan, K. Umeda, & C. Kim (Eds.), Proceedings of the Eighth Asia International Symposium on Mechatronics (pp. 196–202). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.
  • Prasad, K. A., Chand, A. A., Kumar, N. M., Narayan, S., & Mamun, K. A. (2022). A Critical Review of Power Take-Off Wave Energy Technology Leading to the Conceptual Design of a Novel Wave-Plus-Photon Energy Harvester for Island/Coastal Communities’ Energy Needs. Sustainability, 14(4), 2354. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14042354
  • Singh, K., Singh, G., & Singh, H. (2022). The influence of holding time on the characteristics of friction stir welded dissimilar magnesium alloy joints during post welding heat treatment. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications, 14644207221106576. https://doi.org/10.1177/14644207221106576
  • Su, M., Qi, X., Xu, L., Feng, Q., Han, Y., & Zhao, L. (2022). Microstructural and mechanical analysis of 6063-T6 aluminum alloy joints bonded by friction stir welding. Journal of Materials Science, 57(31), 15078–15093. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-022-07541-w
  • Singh, K., Sehgal, A. K., Singh, G., & Singh, H. (2022). Influence of PWHT on FSW joint of AZ61 Mg alloy. International Conference on Latest Developments in Materials & Manufacturing, 60, 2217–2221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.03.117
  • Hunt, J. B., Mazzeo, B. A., Sorensen, C. D., & Hovanski, Y. (2022). A Generalized Method for In-Process Defect Detection in Friction Stir Welding. Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing, 6(4), 80. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp6040080
  • Elatharasan, G., & V.S., S. kumar. (2013). An Experimental Analysis and Optimization of Process Parameter on Friction Stir Welding of AA 6061-T6 Aluminum Alloy using RSM. Procedia Engineering, 64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2013.09.202
  • Khalaf, H. I., Al-Sabur, R., Abdullah, M. E., Kubit, A., & Derazkola, H. A. (2022). Effects of Underwater Friction Stir Welding Heat Generation on Residual Stress of AA6068-T6 Aluminum Alloy. Materials, 15(6), 2223. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15062223
  • Thomas, W. M., Johnson, K. I., & Wiesner, C. S. (2003). Friction Stir Welding – Recent Developments in Tool and Process Technologies. Advanced Engineering Materials, 5(7), 485–490. https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.200300355
  • Ahmadi, H., Arab, N. B. M., Ghasemi, F. A., & Farsani, R. E. (2012). Influence of Pin Profile on Quality of Friction Stir Lap Welds in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composite. International Journal of Mechanics and Applications, 2(3), 24–28. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.mechanics.20120203.01
  • Verma, S., Gupta, M., & Misra, J. P. (2016). Friction Stir Welding of Aerospace Materials: A State of Art Review. In B. Katalinic (Ed.), DAAAM International Scientific Book (1st ed., Vol. 15, pp. 135–150). DAAAM International Vienna. https://doi.org/10.2507/daaam.scibook.2016.13
  • Gibson, B. T., Lammlein, D. H., Prater, T. J., Longhurst, W. R., Cox, C. D., Ballun, M. C., … Strauss, A. M. (2014). Friction stir welding: Process, automation, and control. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 16(1), 56–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2013.04.002
  • He, X., Gu, F., & Ball, A. (2014). A review of numerical analysis of friction stir welding. Progress in Materials Science, 65, 1–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2014.03.003
  • Bhardwaj, N., Narayanan, R. G., Dixit, U. S., & Hashmi, M. S. J. (2019). Recent developments in friction stir welding and resulting industrial practices. Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies, 5(3), 461–496. https://doi.org/10.1080/2374068X.2019.1631065
  • Zhao, Y. H., Lin, S. B., Qu, F. X., & Wu, L. (2006). Influence of pin geometry on material flow in friction stir welding process. Materials science and technology, 22(1), 45-50. https://doi.org/10.1179/174328406X78424
  • Elangovan, K., & Balasubramanian, V. (2008). Influences of tool pin profile and welding speed on the formation of friction stir processing zone in AA2219 aluminium alloy. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 200(1–3), 163–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.09.019
  • Scialpi, A., De Filippis, L. A. C., & Cavaliere, P. (2007). Influence of shoulder geometry on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded 6082 aluminium alloy. Materials and Design, 28(4), 1124–1129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2006.01.031
  • Liu, F. C., & Ma, Z. Y. (2008). Influence of tool dimension and welding parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction-stir-welded 6061-T651 aluminum alloy. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science, 39(10), 2378–2388. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-008-9586-2
  • Sorensen, C., & Nielsen, B. (2009). Exploring Geometry Effects for Convex Scrolled Shoulder, Step Spiral Probe FSW Tools. In The Materials Society Annual Meeting (pp. 85–92).
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There are 70 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Emre Kaygusuz 0000-0001-9356-2149

Filiz Karaomerlıoglu 0000-0002-4677-4365

Serhat Akıncı 0000-0002-8597-6189

Early Pub Date June 22, 2023
Publication Date October 5, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 7 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Kaygusuz, E., Karaomerlıoglu, F., & Akıncı, S. (2023). A review of friction stir welding parameters, process and application fields. Turkish Journal of Engineering, 7(4), 286-295. https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.1107210
AMA Kaygusuz E, Karaomerlıoglu F, Akıncı S. A review of friction stir welding parameters, process and application fields. TUJE. October 2023;7(4):286-295. doi:10.31127/tuje.1107210
Chicago Kaygusuz, Emre, Filiz Karaomerlıoglu, and Serhat Akıncı. “A Review of Friction Stir Welding Parameters, Process and Application Fields”. Turkish Journal of Engineering 7, no. 4 (October 2023): 286-95. https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.1107210.
EndNote Kaygusuz E, Karaomerlıoglu F, Akıncı S (October 1, 2023) A review of friction stir welding parameters, process and application fields. Turkish Journal of Engineering 7 4 286–295.
IEEE E. Kaygusuz, F. Karaomerlıoglu, and S. Akıncı, “A review of friction stir welding parameters, process and application fields”, TUJE, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 286–295, 2023, doi: 10.31127/tuje.1107210.
ISNAD Kaygusuz, Emre et al. “A Review of Friction Stir Welding Parameters, Process and Application Fields”. Turkish Journal of Engineering 7/4 (October 2023), 286-295. https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.1107210.
JAMA Kaygusuz E, Karaomerlıoglu F, Akıncı S. A review of friction stir welding parameters, process and application fields. TUJE. 2023;7:286–295.
MLA Kaygusuz, Emre et al. “A Review of Friction Stir Welding Parameters, Process and Application Fields”. Turkish Journal of Engineering, vol. 7, no. 4, 2023, pp. 286-95, doi:10.31127/tuje.1107210.
Vancouver Kaygusuz E, Karaomerlıoglu F, Akıncı S. A review of friction stir welding parameters, process and application fields. TUJE. 2023;7(4):286-95.
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