11. Sınıf Felsefe Ders Kitabı’nda yer alan soruların üst düzey düşünme becerileri açısından incelenmesi

Abstract

Bu araştırmada Türkiye’de Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından 2018 yılında hazırlanan 11.sınıf Felsefe Ders Kitabı’nda yer alan soruların üst düzey düşünme becerileri açısından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma doküman analizi yoluyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın birinci alt amacının çözümlenmesinde frekans ve yüzde kullanılmıştır. İkinci, alt amacın çözümlenmesi 2001 yılında güncellenmiş Bloom’un Bilişsel Alan Taksonomisinin bilişsel süreç boyutu doğrultusunda yapılmıştır. Üçüncü alt amacın çözümlenmesinde Moodley (2013)’in sınıflaması kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, kitaptaki tüm ünitelerde aynı sistematiklik içerisinde hazırlık, uygulama, tartışma, metin analizi, yazma ve ölçme ve değerlendirme sorularına yer verildiği görülmüştür. Toplam değerlendirme yanında biçimlendirici değerlendirme de kullanılmıştır. Kitapta en çok anlama basamağında sorulara yer verilmiş olup; uygulama, çözümleme, değerlendirme ve yaratma basamaklarında sorulara çok az yer verilmiştir. Soruların büyük bölümü orta bilişsel düzeye yönelik hazırlanmış olup; bu soruları alt düzey sorular izlemiştir. Kitaptaki soruların yalnızca yüzde 6,1’i üst bilişsel düzeye yönelik hazırlanmıştır. Üst bilişsel düzeyde felsefe soruları yazılmasını yaygınlaştırmak amacıyla analiz, değerlendirme ve yaratma basamaklarında felsefe soruları yazılmıştır.

Keywords

• Felsefe eğitimi
• Güncellenniş Bloom Taksonomisi
• Düşünme becerileri
• Soru sorma
• Üst düzey düşünme

Analysis of the questions in 11th Grade Philosophy Coursebook in terms of higher-order thinking skills

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the questions included in the 11th grade Philosophy Coursebook prepared in 2018 by the Ministry of Education in Turkey in terms of higher-order thinking skills. Document analysis was utilized in the study, and frequencies and percentages were used in answering the first sub-research question. Cognitive processes domain of Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy was utilized in conducting analyses to answer the second sub-research question. And Moodley’s (2013) categorization supported the analyses to answer the third sub-research question. The results suggested that the distribution of warm-up, practice, discussion, text analysis, writing, and measurement and evaluation questions were organized in a similar systematic across the coursebook. As a result of the research, not only summative but also formative assessment methods were included in the coursebook. Most of the questions were in the understand level of cognitive processes. The book included only a limited number of questions on the ‘apply’, ‘analyze’, and ‘create’ levels included in Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy. Most of the questions were designed for the mid-level of the cognitive domain and the low-level questions were the second most frequently used questions. Only 6.1 % of the questions were designed for high-levels of the cognitive domain. Last but not least sample questions for the analyze, evaluate, and create dimensions were prepared in an effort to encourage more frequent uses of such types of questions.

Keywords

• Philosophy education
• Thinking skills
• Asking questions
• Higher-order thinking
• Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy

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