Grain yield stability of promising proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) genotypes for hilly region of Nepal

Year 2020, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 5 - 11, 30.06.2020

Manoj Kandel , Narayan Bahadur Dhamı Tirtha Raj Rıjal Jiban Shrestha

Abstract

Identification of genotypes with a high potential for yield and stability across environments is an essential task in plant breeding. The experiments were conducted in three consecutive years viz 2017, 2018 and 2019 during spring seasons across two locations viz Dolakha; and Jumla using 13 proso millet genotypes in Nepal. Proso millet genotypes were evaluated in randomized complete block design with three replications. The objectives of this study were to analyze yield stability and adaptability of proso millets genotypes and to evaluate the discrimination and representativeness of locations by genotype and genotype by environment interaction (GGE) biplot methods. The significant genotypes and genotypes and their interaction (P<0.05) were observed for day to maturity, plant height and grain yield which indicated the presence of difference among the genotypes. The combined analysis over environments showed that the average values of days to maturity was 118 days, plant height of 112 cm and grain yield of 0.429 t/ha. The genotypes CO4656 had mean yield 0.495 t/ha which was higher than the overall mean (0.429 t/ha), parameter of response (b)=1.16 and parameter of stability (S2di)=0.05. This genotypes could be represented as stable and widely adapted across tested environments. The genotype CO3149 was specifically adapted to favourable environment of Jumla because its regression coefficient was significantly more than unity (b=1.25) mean yield is higher (0.478 t/ha) than the average (0.429 t/ha) and S2di was nearly zero (0.101). Similarly genotype HUMLA-312 was specifically adapted to Dolakha environment because its regression coefficient was significantly more than unity (b=1.14), mean yield was higher (0.451 t/ha) than the average (0.429 t/ha) and S2d was nearly zero (0.140). GGE biplot showed genotype CO4656 was stable genotype under tested environments.

Keywords

Prosomillet (Panicum miliaacum L)

Thanks

The authors would like to provide their thanks to technical staffs of Hill Crops Research program (HCRP), Kabre, Dolakha, and Agricultural Research Station (ARS), Bijayanagar, Jumla, Nepal for their technical support to carry out this study. The funds for this research was received from Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Nepal

References

• Adhikari, B.N., Pokhrel, B.B., & Shrestha, J. (2018). Evaluation and development of finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.) genotypes for cultivation in high hills of Nepal. Farming and Management, 3(1): 37-46
• Dai, H. P., Jia, G.L., Lu, C., Wei, A. Z., Feng, B.L., & Zhang, S. Q. (2011). Studies of synergism between root system and leaves senescence in Broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.). J Food, Agric Environ, 9 (2), 177-180.
• Dimitrios, B., Christos, G., Jesus, R., & Eva, B. (2008). Separation of cotton cultivar testing sites based on representativeness and discriminating ability using GGE biplots. Agronomy Journal, 100, 1230-1236.
• Ding, M., Tier, B., & Yan, W.K. (2007). Application of GGE biplot analysis to evaluate genotype (G), environment (E) and G×E interaction on P. radiata: Case study. In: Australasian Forest Genetics Conference, 11-14, April 2007. The Old Woolstore, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
• Durovic, D.S., Madic, M.R., Bokan, N.R., Stevovic, V.I., Tomic, D.D., & Tanaskovic, S.T. (2014). Stability parameters for grain yield and its component traits in maize hybrids of different FAO maturity group. Journal of Central European Agriculture, 15(4), 99-212.
• Eberhart, S.A., & Russell, W.A. (1966). Stability parameters for comparing varieties. Crop Science, 6(1), 36-40.
• Gauch, H.G., & Zobel, R.W. (1997). Identifying mega-environments and targeting genotypes. Crop Sci., 37, 311-326.
• Ghimire, K.H., Joshi, B.K., Dhakal, R., & Sthapit, B.R. (2018). Diversity in proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) landraces collected from Himalayan mountains of Nepal. Genet Resour Crop Evol., 65, 503-512.
• Ghimire, N.H., & Mandal, H.N. (2019). Genetic Variability, Genetic Advance, Correlation and Heritability of Cold Tolerance Lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.) Genotypes at High Hill of Nepal. Int. J. Adv. Res. Biol. Sci., 6(11), 1-10.
• Gomez, K.A., & Gomez, A. (1984). Statistical Procedure for Agricultural Research-Hand Book. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
• HCRP (2018). Annual report, Hill Crops Research Program (HCRP), Kabre, Dolakha, Nepal.
• HCRP (2019). Annual report, Hill Crops Research Program (HCRP), Kabre, Dolakha, Nepal.
• HCRP (2020). Annual report, Hill Crops Research Program (HCRP), Kabre, Dolakha, Nepal.
• HRS (2018). Annual Report of Horticultural Research Station, Rajkot, Jumla, Nepal.
• HRS (2019). Annual Report of Horticultural Research Station, Rajkot, Jumla, Nepal.
• HRS (2020). Annual Report of Horticultural Research Station, Rajkot, Jumla, Nepal.
• Hussain, S.K. (1997). Importance of Proso millet in Indian Agriculture. 1997. In: Extended Summaries of National Seminar on Small Millets, Current Research trends and future priorities as food, feed and in processing for value addition, GKVK, Bangalore, p11-12.
• Kandel, M., & Shrestha, J. (2019). Genotype x environment interaction and stability for grain yield and yield attributing traits of buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Geartn). Syrian Journal of Agricultural Research, 6(3), 466-476.
• Kandel, M., Dhami, N.B., Bastola, A., Sudedi, N.R., & Shrestha, J. (2019). Field evaluation and nutritional benefits of finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.). International Journal of Global Science Research, 6(1), 711-722.
• Kang, M.S., Aggarwal, V.D., & Chirwa, R.M. (2006). Adaptability and stability of bean cultivars as determined via yieldstability statistic and GGE biplot analysis. Journal of Crop Improvement, 15, 97-120.
• NARC. (2018). Annual Report (2017/18) of Nepal Agricultural Research Council (NARC), Hill Crops Research Program, Kabre, Dolakha, Nepal.
• Pacheco, A., Vargas, M., Alvarado, G., Rodríguez, F., López, M., Crossa, J., & Burgueño, J. (2015). User’s Manual GEA-R (Genotype by Environment Analysis with R). "GEA-R (Genotype x Environment Analysis with R for Windows) Version 4.1", hdl:11529/10203, CIMMYT Research Data and Software Repository Network, V16.
• Reddy, V., Upadhyaya, H., & Gowda, C. L. L. (2007). Morphological characterization of world's proso millet germplasm. Journal of SAT Agricultural Research. 3.
• Shrestha, J. (2019). P-Value: A true test of significance in agricultural research. Retrieved from https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/p-value-test-significance-agricultural-research-jiban-shrestha/.
• Yan. W., & Hunt, L. A. (2001). Biplot Analysis of Multi-Environment Trial Data In. Quantitative Genetics, Genomics and Plant Breeding. Kang, M. S., (Ed.), CABI Publishing, New York. pp289-303.
• Yan, W., & Kang, M.S. (2003). GGE biplot analysis: a graphical tool for breeders, Geneticists and Agronomists. CRC Press LLC., Boca Raton, Florida, pp: 271.