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Karnabaharın (Brassica oleracea L.) Model ve Kantitatif Renk Kalite Özelliklerine Kurutma İşlemlerinin Etkisi

Year 2022, , 170 - 180, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.46592/turkager.1097272

Abstract

Kurutma üründeki nemin belirli bir eşik değerine kadar buharlaştırılarak uzaklaştırılması işlemidir. Karnabahar sebzesinin nem içeriğinin %90.6 olması sebebiyle mikrobiyolojik ve enzimatik bozulmalar meydana getirir. Bu nedenle karnabahar sebzesinin tüketim süresini uzatmak için kurutarak muhafaza edilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, farklı kurutma yöntemleri (etüv, vakumlu etüv ve konvektif kurutucuda 40, 50, 60 ve 70ºC kurutma sıcaklığında ve gölgede) kullanılarak kurutma işlemi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Karnabahar sebzesine uygulanan farklı kurutma sıcaklıklarının renk ve kuruma kinetiğine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen kuruma performans değerleri incelendiğinde; en kısa kuruma süresi konvektif kurutucuda 70ºC kurutma yöntemi ile 3.75 saat, en uzun kuruma süresi ise gölgede kurutma yöntemi ile 275 saat olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan matematiksel modellemede, Lewis, Wang Sing ve Page eşitlikleri kullanılmıştır. Tüm kurutma modeller arasında kuruma verilerini en iyi Page model eşitliğinin konvektif kurutma 70ºC ve Wang and Singh model eşitliğinin etüv kurutma 40ºC yönteminde R2 değeri 0.9998 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Karnabaharın renk özelliklerini en iyi koruyan yöntemin ise gölgede kurutma olduğu belirlenmiştir.

References

  • Adiletta G, Iannone G, Russo P, Patimo G, De Pasquale S and Di Matteo M (2014). Moisture migration by magnetic resonance imaging during eggplant drying: A preliminary study. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 49: 2602-2609.
  • Alibas I and Koksal N (2015). Forced-air, vacuum, and hydro precooling of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis cv. Freemont): part II. Determination of quality parameters during storage. Food Science Technology (Campinas), 35: 45-50.
  • Baloch AB, Xia X and Sheikh SA (2015). Proximate and mineral compositions of dried cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L.) grown ın sindh, Pakistan. Journal of Food and Nutrition Research, 3(3), 213-219.
  • Çelen İH, Çelen S, Moralar A, Buluş HN ve Önler E (2015). Mikrodalga bantlı kurutucuda patatesin kurutulabilirliğinin deneysel olarak incelenmesi. Electronic Journal of Vocational Colleges- Special Issue: The Latest Trends in Engineering, 5(4): 242-287.
  • Di Scala KC and Crapiste GH (2008). Drying kinetics and quality changes during drying of red pepper. LWT- Food Science and Technology, 41(5): 789-795.
  • Gülçimen F (2008). Yeni tasarlanan havalı kollektörler yardımı ile reyhan ve nane kurutulması. Doktora Tezi, Fırat Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Makine Eğitimi Anabilim Dalı, s. 169, Elazığ.
  • Krokida M and Maroulis Z (2000). Quality changes during drying of food materials. Drying Technology in Agriculture and Food Sciences, 4(2): 61-68.
  • Krokida MK, Kiranoudis CT, Maroulis ZB and Marinos Kouris D (2000). Effect of pretreatment on color of dehydrated products. Drying Technology, 18(6): 1239-1250.
  • Lewis WK (1921). The rate of drying of solid materials. Industrial Engineering Chemistry, 13: 427-443.
  • Marques LG, Silveira AM and Freire JT (2006). Freze-Drying characteristics of tropical fruits. Drying Technology, 24: 457-463.
  • McGuire RG (1992). Reporting of objective color measurements. HortScience, 27: 1254-1255.
  • Page GE (1949). Factors influencing the maximum rates of air drying shelled corn in thin layers, MSc. Thesis, Master Thesis, Purdue University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indiana.
  • Plou E, Lopez Malo A, Barbosa Canovas GV, Welti Chanes J and Swanson BG (1999). Polyphenoloxidase activitiy and color of blanced and high hydrostatic pressure treated banana puree. Journal of Food Science, 64: 42-45.
  • Polatcı H, Taşova M ve Saraçoğlu O (2020). Armut (Pirus communis L.) posasının bazı kalite değerleri açısından uygun kurutma sıcaklığının belirlenmesi. Akademik Platform Mühendislik ve Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(3): 540-546.
  • Rahman R and Gani M (2019). Effect of different pre-treatments and drying techniques on quality of cauliflower. Annals. Food Science and Technology, 20(2): 207-217.
  • Sagar VR and Kumar PS (2010). Recent advances in drying and dehydration of fruits and vegetables: A review. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 47(1): 15-26.
  • Şahin M and Doymaz İ (2017). Estimation of cauliflower mass transfer parameters during convective drying. Heat Mass Transfer, 53: 507-517.
  • Şahin M (2014). Brokoli ve karnabaharın kurutma karakteristiklerine ön işlem sıcaklığının ve süresinin etkisi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Kimya Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı, s. 101, İstanbul.
  • TÜİK (2021). Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. http://www.tuik.gov.tr, (01.04.2022)
  • Vargas L, Kapoor R, Nemzer B and Feng H (2022). Application of different drying methods for evaluation of phytochemical content and physical properties of broccoli, kale, and spinach. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 155, 112892.
  • Vega Gálvez A, Di Scala K, Rodríguez K, Lemus Mondaca R, Miranda M, López J and Perez Won M (2009). Effect of air-drying temperature on physico-chemical properties, antioxidant capacity, colour and total phenolic content of red pepper (Capsicum annuum, L. var. Hungarian). Food Chemistry, 117(4): 647-653.
  • Wang CY and Singh RP (1978). A single layer drying equation for rough rice. ASAE Paper No: 78-3001, ASAE, St. Joseph, MI.
  • Yağcıoglu A (1999). Tarımsal ürünleri kurutma tekniği. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi yayınları No: 536. Bornova, İzmir.
  • Yıldız Turgut D ve Topuz A (2020). Depolama süresinin farklı kurutma yöntemleri ile kurutulmuş kamkat dilimlerinin bazı kalite özelliklerine etkisi. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 30(1): 44-56.

The Effect of Drying Processes on Model and Quantitative Color Quality Characteristics of Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L.)

Year 2022, , 170 - 180, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.46592/turkager.1097272

Abstract

Drying is the process of removing the moisture in the product by evaporation up to a certain threshold value. The moisture content of the cauliflower vegetable is 90.76%, causing microbiological and enzymatic deterioration. For this reason, cauliflower should be preserved by drying in order to prolong its consumption life. In this study, drying process was carried out using different drying methods (oven, vacuum oven and convective dryer at 40, 50, 60 and 70ºC drying temperatures and in the shade). The effects of different drying temperatures applied to the cauliflower vegetable on the color properties and drying kinetics were investigated. It was determined that the lowest drying time was 3.75 hours with the convective drying method at 70ºC, and the greatest drying time was 275 hours with the shade drying method. In the mathematical modeling, Lewis, Wang Sing and Page equations were used. Among all drying models, the best drying data was found in the convective drying of the Page model equation at 70ºC and the oven drying method at 40ºC, R2 with value of 0.9998 in Wang and Singh model equation. In terms of color values, it has been determined that the method that best preserves fresh cauliflower is drying in the shade.

References

  • Adiletta G, Iannone G, Russo P, Patimo G, De Pasquale S and Di Matteo M (2014). Moisture migration by magnetic resonance imaging during eggplant drying: A preliminary study. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 49: 2602-2609.
  • Alibas I and Koksal N (2015). Forced-air, vacuum, and hydro precooling of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis cv. Freemont): part II. Determination of quality parameters during storage. Food Science Technology (Campinas), 35: 45-50.
  • Baloch AB, Xia X and Sheikh SA (2015). Proximate and mineral compositions of dried cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L.) grown ın sindh, Pakistan. Journal of Food and Nutrition Research, 3(3), 213-219.
  • Çelen İH, Çelen S, Moralar A, Buluş HN ve Önler E (2015). Mikrodalga bantlı kurutucuda patatesin kurutulabilirliğinin deneysel olarak incelenmesi. Electronic Journal of Vocational Colleges- Special Issue: The Latest Trends in Engineering, 5(4): 242-287.
  • Di Scala KC and Crapiste GH (2008). Drying kinetics and quality changes during drying of red pepper. LWT- Food Science and Technology, 41(5): 789-795.
  • Gülçimen F (2008). Yeni tasarlanan havalı kollektörler yardımı ile reyhan ve nane kurutulması. Doktora Tezi, Fırat Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Makine Eğitimi Anabilim Dalı, s. 169, Elazığ.
  • Krokida M and Maroulis Z (2000). Quality changes during drying of food materials. Drying Technology in Agriculture and Food Sciences, 4(2): 61-68.
  • Krokida MK, Kiranoudis CT, Maroulis ZB and Marinos Kouris D (2000). Effect of pretreatment on color of dehydrated products. Drying Technology, 18(6): 1239-1250.
  • Lewis WK (1921). The rate of drying of solid materials. Industrial Engineering Chemistry, 13: 427-443.
  • Marques LG, Silveira AM and Freire JT (2006). Freze-Drying characteristics of tropical fruits. Drying Technology, 24: 457-463.
  • McGuire RG (1992). Reporting of objective color measurements. HortScience, 27: 1254-1255.
  • Page GE (1949). Factors influencing the maximum rates of air drying shelled corn in thin layers, MSc. Thesis, Master Thesis, Purdue University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indiana.
  • Plou E, Lopez Malo A, Barbosa Canovas GV, Welti Chanes J and Swanson BG (1999). Polyphenoloxidase activitiy and color of blanced and high hydrostatic pressure treated banana puree. Journal of Food Science, 64: 42-45.
  • Polatcı H, Taşova M ve Saraçoğlu O (2020). Armut (Pirus communis L.) posasının bazı kalite değerleri açısından uygun kurutma sıcaklığının belirlenmesi. Akademik Platform Mühendislik ve Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(3): 540-546.
  • Rahman R and Gani M (2019). Effect of different pre-treatments and drying techniques on quality of cauliflower. Annals. Food Science and Technology, 20(2): 207-217.
  • Sagar VR and Kumar PS (2010). Recent advances in drying and dehydration of fruits and vegetables: A review. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 47(1): 15-26.
  • Şahin M and Doymaz İ (2017). Estimation of cauliflower mass transfer parameters during convective drying. Heat Mass Transfer, 53: 507-517.
  • Şahin M (2014). Brokoli ve karnabaharın kurutma karakteristiklerine ön işlem sıcaklığının ve süresinin etkisi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Kimya Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı, s. 101, İstanbul.
  • TÜİK (2021). Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. http://www.tuik.gov.tr, (01.04.2022)
  • Vargas L, Kapoor R, Nemzer B and Feng H (2022). Application of different drying methods for evaluation of phytochemical content and physical properties of broccoli, kale, and spinach. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 155, 112892.
  • Vega Gálvez A, Di Scala K, Rodríguez K, Lemus Mondaca R, Miranda M, López J and Perez Won M (2009). Effect of air-drying temperature on physico-chemical properties, antioxidant capacity, colour and total phenolic content of red pepper (Capsicum annuum, L. var. Hungarian). Food Chemistry, 117(4): 647-653.
  • Wang CY and Singh RP (1978). A single layer drying equation for rough rice. ASAE Paper No: 78-3001, ASAE, St. Joseph, MI.
  • Yağcıoglu A (1999). Tarımsal ürünleri kurutma tekniği. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi yayınları No: 536. Bornova, İzmir.
  • Yıldız Turgut D ve Topuz A (2020). Depolama süresinin farklı kurutma yöntemleri ile kurutulmuş kamkat dilimlerinin bazı kalite özelliklerine etkisi. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 30(1): 44-56.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Burcu Aksüt 0000-0002-2732-5388

Hakan Polatcı 0000-0002-2071-2086

Publication Date June 30, 2022
Submission Date April 1, 2022
Acceptance Date May 5, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022

Cite

APA Aksüt, B., & Polatcı, H. (2022). Karnabaharın (Brassica oleracea L.) Model ve Kantitatif Renk Kalite Özelliklerine Kurutma İşlemlerinin Etkisi. Turkish Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 3(1), 170-180. https://doi.org/10.46592/turkager.1097272

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