Plant Biodiversity Governance in Turkey

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 57 - 62, 06.01.2017

Alptekin Karagöz Cafer Olcayto Sabancı

Öz

Biodiversity is an indispensable
source to meet the basic needs of human being, notably food and nutrition.
Turkish people traditionally depend on biodiversity and developed
many traditions and customs associated with
biodiversity. Therefore, its management and
conservation is of particular importance for Turkey. Biodiversity
is diminishing due to several reasons most of which are human-induced
activities. Agricultural areas are shrinking, soil and water resources are
rapidly being polluted. In view of the ongoing population growth, it's
inevitable to encounter with more serious environmental problems in the near
future. The concept of governance is relatively new for Turkey. It is possible to speak of management rather than governance. Due to
strong centralisation in issue of conservation and management of biodiversity,
state alone played the major role ignoring the participation of stakeholders.
Rio conventions can be considered as the starting point for the governance
practices. Following the ratification of the Rio
conventions, governance concept began to take place and
implemented in biodiversity related plans, programs and
practices. Despite the implementation of many environmental protection programs
in accordance with this understanding, local public
segments at large that have traditionally been excluded from governing the sources seem to be sceptical to the new
approach. On the other hand non-governmental organizations are playing more
active roles today for public awareness activities and participatory resource
management. For proper governance of biological sources, support
of research activities concerning sustainable use of biodiversity at all
levels, together with proper and effective environmental planning are needed.

 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Plant biodiversity, Turkey, biodiversity governance, natural resource management

Plant Biodiversity Governance in Turkey

Öz

Biodiversity is an indispensable
source to meet the basic needs of human being, notably food and nutrition.
Turkish people traditionally depend on biodiversity and developed
many traditions and customs associated with
biodiversity. Therefore, its management and
conservation is of particular importance for Turkey. Biodiversity
is diminishing due to several reasons most of which are human-induced
activities. Agricultural areas are shrinking, soil and water resources are
rapidly being polluted. In view of the ongoing population growth, it's
inevitable to encounter with more serious environmental problems in the near
future. The concept of governance is relatively new for Turkey. It is possible to speak of management rather than governance. Due to
strong centralisation in issue of conservation and management of biodiversity,
state alone played the major role ignoring the participation of stakeholders.
Rio conventions can be considered as the starting point for the governance
practices. Following the ratification of the Rio
conventions, governance concept began to take place and
implemented in biodiversity related plans, programs and
practices. Despite the implementation of many environmental protection programs
in accordance with this understanding, local public
segments at large that have traditionally been excluded from governing the sources seem to be sceptical to the new
approach. On the other hand non-governmental organizations are playing more
active roles today for public awareness activities and participatory resource
management. For proper governance of biological sources, support
of research activities concerning sustainable use of biodiversity at all
levels, together with proper and effective environmental planning are needed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Plant biodiversity, Turkey, biodiversity governance, natural resource management

Kaynakça

• Davis, P.H. 1965. Flora of Turkey and East Aegean Islands. V 1. Edingburgh University Press, Edinburgh, UK.
• Ekim, T., Koyuncu, M., Erik, S. and İlarslan, L. 1989. List of rare, threatened and endemic plants in Turkey according to IUCN Red Data Book Categories. Turkish Association for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. No: 18. Ankara.
• Güloğlu, Y. 2010. The establishment of forest ownership and the legal regulations on the forests until the Tanzimat (Reform) Period in the Ottoman State. Kastamonu Univ., Journal of Forestry Faculty, 10 (2): 180-194.
• Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M. and Babaç, M.T. (edlr.)., 2012. Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler). Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını, İstanbul.
• Karagöz, A. 2000. Grassland and Pasture Crops, Country Pasture / Forage Resource Profile, FAO. www.fao.org/ag/agp/agpc/doc/counprof/turkey.htm (accessed: 10 May 2016).
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• Karagöz, A., Zencirci, N., Tan, A., Taşkın, T., Köksel, H., Sürek, M., Toker, C. and Özbek, K. 2010. Conservation and use of plant genetic resources. VIIth Technical Conference of Agricultural Engineering. Proceedings V I: 155-177 (in Turkish).
• Karagöz, A., Özbek, K. ve Sarı, N. 2016. Türkiye’nin bitkisel biyolojik çeşitliliğinin korunması ve sürdürülebilir kullanımına ilişkin sorunlar ve çözüm önerileri. Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 25 (1): 88-99.
• MFWA, 2016. Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs, http://www.-milliparklar.gov.tr/korunanalanlar/korunanalan1.htm (accessed: 10 May 2016).
• NBSAP, 2001. The National Strategy and Action Plan for Biodiversity in Turkey. www.cbd.int/doc/world/tr/tr-nbsap-01-p1-en.pdf (acessed 10 May 2016).