Erken Gelişme Döneminde Ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus L.) Bitkisinin Kadmiyum Maruziyetine Tepkisi

Year 2020, Volume: 7 Issue: 4, 1098 - 1107, 20.10.2020

Yakup Çıkılı , Halil Samet , Nuray Çiçek

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.682480

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Çalışma, erken gelişme döneminde ayçiçeği bitkisinin büyüme ve fizyolojik özellikleri yanında bazı metal besin iyonlarının birikimine artan kadmiyum (Cd) maruziyetinin etkilerini değerlendirmek amacıyla sera koşullarında ve gün ışığı altında yürütülmüştür. Bu amaçla, toprağa artan düzeylerde Cd (0, 50, 100, 250, 500 ve 1000 µM CdCl2.H2O) uygulanmıştır. Bitki gelişimi ve kök uzaması Cd maruziyetinden olumsuz etkilenmiş ve Cd’un bitki büyümesi üzerindeki zararlı etkisi köklerden daha fazla gövdede görülmüştür. Cd maruziyeti, gelişim tolerans indeksi (GTI), nispi su içeriği (RWC), klorofil (Chl a+b) ve karotenoid (Car) içerikleri, gövde ve kökte çinko (Zn), potasyum (K) ve kalsiyum (Ca)’un alımları ve Zn’nun toplam akümülasyon oranı (TAR) ile birlikte Cd’un biyoakümülasyonu ve translokasyonunu azaltmıştır. Ayrıca, gövde ve kökteki Cd konsantrasyonları ve alımları, kökler aracığıyla net Cd akümülasyonu, Cd’un toplam akümülasyon oranı, membran geçirgenliğini (MP) ve Car/Chl oranı artan Cd dozlarının toksik etkisiyle artmıştır. Bu çalışma, ayçiçeği bitkisinin morfolojik ve fizyolojik özelliklerini etkileyerek Cd maruziyetinin bitki gelişiminin ilk dönemlerinde büyümede bir azalmaya neden olduğunu göstermiştir.

Keywords

biyoakümülasyon, kadmiyum, gelişim tolerans indeksi, metal besin iyonları, translokasyon

Response of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) at early growth stage to cadmium exposure

Abstract

The study carried out in greenhouse conditions at daylight in order to evaluate the effects of increasing Cd exposure on growth and physiological characteristics of sunflower at early growth stage as well the accumulation of some metal nutrient ions. Accordingly, the soil treated with six levels of Cd (0, 50, 100, 250, 500, and 1000 µM CdCl2.H2O). The plant growth and root elongation unfavorably affected by Cd exposure and detrimental effect of Cd on plant growth was appeared shoot more than roots. Growth tolerance index (GTI), relative water content (RWC), the contents of chlorophyll (Chl a+b) and carotenoids (Car), the uptakes of zinc (Zn), potassium (K), and calcium (Ca) in shoot and root, and total accumulation rate (TAR) of Zn were decreased by Cd exposure as well as bioaccumulation and translocation of Cd. Furthermore, increasing Cd doses augmented the concentrations and uptakes of Cd in shoot and root, net accumulation of Cd via roots, the TAR of Cd, membrane permeability (MP) and the rate of Car/Chl caused by its toxic effects. This study demonstrated that Cd exposure cause a reduction in growth due to affecting morphological and physiological characteristics of sunflower in the initial stages of plant development.

Keywords

bioaccumulation, cadmium, growth tolerance index, metal nutrient ions, translocation

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