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Bazı Tıbbi Bitki Ekstraktlarının Mısır, Soya ve Ayçiçeği Tohumlarının Çimlenmesi ve Fide Gelişimi Üzerine Allelopatik Etkisi

Year 2020, Volume: 7 Issue: 4, 1218 - 1226, 20.10.2020
https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.767790

Abstract

Bitkiler arasındaki allelopatik ilişkiler doğal ortamlarda farklı ekosistemlerin oluşumu, biyolojik çeşitliliğin düzenlenmesi ve sürdürülebilirliği yönünden büyük öneme sahiptir. Özellikle tıbbi bitkilerde fazla sayı ve çeşitlilikte sentezlenen bazı biyokimyasallar çevredeki diğer bitkilerin büyüme ve gelişmesi üzerine teşvik edici veya engelleyici etki yapmaktadırlar. Bu araştırma Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde doğal yayılış gösteren bazı tıbbi bitki ekstraktlarının mısır, soya ve ayçiçeği tohumlarının çimlenmesi ve fide gelişimi üzerine allelopatik etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada farklı dozlarda (0, %5, %10 ve %20) ısırgan ve karalahana ile mor ve sarı çiçekli ormangülü yaprak ekstraktlarının mısır, soya ve ayçiçeği tohumlarının çimlenme ve fide gelişimine etkileri incelenmiştir. Tüm bitkilerde ekstrakt dozlarının artışına paralel olarak mısır, soya ve ayçiçeği tohumlarının çimlenme ve fide gelişiminde ekstrakt uygulanmayan kontrol tohumlarına göre çok önemli azalmalar ortaya çıkmıştır. Artan ekstrakt dozlarının çimlenme ve fide gelişimini engelleyici etkisi tıbbi bitkilere göre büyük ölçüde değişim göstermiş olup, ısırgan ve karalahana ekstraktlarının engelleyici etkisi mor ve sarı çiçekli orman gülüne göre daha fazla olmuştur. Bütün test bitkilerinde tıbbi bitkilere ait yaprak ekstraktlarının çimlenme ve fide gelişimini engelleyici etkisi ısırgan > karalahana > mor çiçekli ormangülü > sarı çiçekli ormangülü şeklinde azalan bir sıralama izlemiştir. Isırgan ve karalahana yaprak ekstraktlarının %20’lik dozları soya ve ayçiçeği tohumlarında çimlenme ve fide gelişimini tamamen engellemiştir. Sonuç olarak, bu araştırma bulguları ısırgan ve karalahana yaprak ekstraktlarının soya, mısır ve ayçiçeği tohumlarının çimlenme ve fide gelişimi üzerine çok önemli allelopatik etkiye sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.

References

  • Alam, S.M., Ala, S.A, Azmi A.R, Khan, M.A. ve Ansari, R. 2001. Allelopathy and its role in agriculture. Journal of Biological Sciences, 5: 308-315.
  • Arslan, M., Üremiş, İ. ve Uludağ, A. 2005. Determining bio-herbicidal potential of rapeseed, radish and turnip extracts on germination inhibition of cutleaf ground-cherry (Physalis angulata L.) Seeds. Journal of Agronomy, 4: 134-137.
  • Atak, M., Mavi, K. ve Uremis, I. 2016. Bio-herbicidal effects of oregano and rosemary essential oils on germination and seedling growth of bread wheat cultivars and weeds. Romanian Biotechnological Letters, 21: (1) 11149-11159.
  • Avcı, M. 2004. Ormangülleri (Rhododendron L.) ve Türkiye’deki doğal yayılışları. İstanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Coğrafya Bölümü Coğrafya Dergisi, 12: 13-29.
  • Ayan, A.K., Çalışkan, Ö. ve Çırak, C. 2006. Isırgan otu (Urtica spp.)’nun ekonomik önemi ve tarımı. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 21 (3): 357-363.
  • Batish, D.R., Singh, H.P. ve Kaur, S. 2001. Crop allelopathy and its role in ecological agriculture. Journal of Crop Production, 4 (2): 121-161.
  • Bhadoria, P.B.S. 2011. Allelopathy: A natural way towards weed management. American Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 1 (1): 7-20.
  • Bhandari, S.R., Jo, J.S. ve Lee, J.G. 2015. Comparison of glucosinolate profiles in different tissues of nine brassica crops. Molecules, 20: 15827-15841.
  • Cheng, F. ve Cheng, Z. 2015. Research progress on the use of plant allelopathy in agriculture and the physiological and ecological mechanisms of allelopathy. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6: 1020.
  • Chou, S.C., Huang, C.H., Hsu, T.W., Wu, C.C. ve Chou, C.H. 2010. Allelopathic pPotential of Rhododendron formosanum Hemsl in Taiwan. Allelopathy Journal, 25 (1): 73-91.
  • Cummings, J.A., Parker, I.M. ve Gilbert, G.S. 2012. Allelopathy: A tool for weed management in forest restoration. Plant Ecology, 213: 1975-1989.
  • Dişli, Ö.G. ve Nemli, Y. 2014. Sinapis alba L. ‟ nın (Akhardal) çimlenme ve gelişimine, bazı kültür bitkisi kök eksudatları ve yeşil gübrelerinin etkisi. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 51 (1): 13-22.
  • Duke, O.S. 2010. Allelopathy: Current status of research and future of the discipline: A commentary. Allelopathy Journal, 25: 17-30.
  • Fahey, J.W., Zalcmann, A.T. ve Talalay, P. 2001. The chemical diversity and distribution of glucosinolates and isothiocynates among plants. Phytochemistry, 56: 5-51.
  • Farooq, M., Bajwa, A.A., Cheema, S.A. ve Cheema, Z.A. 2013. Application of allelopathy in crop production. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 15: 1367-1378.
  • Farooq, M., Jabran, K., Cheema, Z.A., Wahid, A. ve Siddique, K.H. 2011. The role of allelopathy in agricultural pest management. Pest Management Science, 67: 493-506.
  • Fujii, Y., Parvez, S.S., Parvez, M.M., Ohmae, Y. ve Iida, O. 2003. Screening of 239 medicinal plant species for allelopathic activity using the sandwich method. Weed Biology and Management, 3: 233-241.
  • Gülçin, İ., Küfrevioğlu, Ö.İ., Münir, O. ve Büyükokuroğlu, M.E. 2004. Antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiulcer and analgesic activities of nettle (Urtica dioica L.). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 90 (2-3): 205-215.
  • Gürsoy, M., Balkan, A. ve Ulukan, H. 2013. Bitkisel üretimde allelopati. Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 27 (2): 115-122.
  • Maaroufi, L., Hossain, M.S., Tahril, W. ve Landoulsil, A. 2017. New insights of nettle (Urtica urens): Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 11 (4): 73-86.
  • Macias, F.A., Molinillo, J.M.G., Varela, R.M., Galindo, J.C.G. 2007. Allelopathy –a natural alternative for weed control. Pest Management Science, 63 (4): 327-348.
  • Nilsen, E.T., Walker, J.F., Miller, O.K., Semones, S.W., Lei, T.T. ve Clinton, B.D. 1999. Inhibition of seedling survival under Rhododendron maximum (Ericaceae): Could allelopathy be a cause? American Journal of Botany, 86 (11): 1597-1605.
  • Oleszek, W. 1987. Allelopathic effects of volatiles from some Cruciferae species on lettuce, barnyard grass and wheat growth. Plant and Soil, 102 (2): 271-273.
  • Ozkan, T.G.I., Urusak, E.A., Appiah, K.S. ve Fujii, Y. 2019. First broad screening of allelopathic potential of wild and cultivated plants in Turkey. Plants, 8: 532.
  • Önen, H., Özer, Z. ve Telci, İ. 2002. Bioherbicidal effects of some plant essential oils on different weed species. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 18: 597-605.
  • Rehman, S., Shahzad, B., Bajwa, A.A., Hussain, S., Rehman, A., Cheema, S.A., Abbas, T., Ali, A., Shah, L., Adkins, L. ve Peijin, L. 2019. Utilizing the allelopathic potential of brassica species for sustainable crop production. A review. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 38:343-356.
  • Singh, H.P., Daiz, B.R. ve Kohli, R.K. 2001. Allelopathy in agroecosystems. Journal of Crop Production, 4: 1-41.
  • Singh, H.P., Batish, D.R. ve Kohli, R.K. 2003. Allelopathic interactions and allelochemicals: New possibilities for sustainable weed management. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 22: 239-311.
  • Sivritepe, H.Ö. 2012. Tohum gücünün değerlendirilmesi. Alatarım, 11 (2): 33-44.
  • Tawaha, A.M. ve Turk, M.A. 2003. Allelopathic effects of black mustard (Brassica nigra) on germination and growth of wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum). Journal of Agronomy & Crop Science, 189; 298-303.
  • Trezzi, M.M., Vidal, R.A., Junior, A.A.B., Bittencourt, H.V.H. ve Filho, A.P.S.S. 2016. Allelopathy: driving mechanisms governing its activity in agriculture. Journal of Plant Interactions, 11 (1): 53-60.
  • Turker, A. ve Usta, C. 2006. Biological activity of some medicinal plants sold in Turkish health-food stores. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, 20 (3): 105-113.
  • Uludağ, A., Üremiş, İ., Arslan, M. ve Gözcü, D. 2006. Allelopathy studies in weed science in Turkey – A review. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 20: 419-426.
  • Uyanık, M., Kara, Ş.M. ve Korkmaz, K. 2014. Bazı kışlık kolza (Brassica napus L.) çeşitlerinin çimlenme döneminde tuz stresine tepkilerinin belirlenmesi. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 4 (20): 368-375.
  • Üremiş, İ., Arslan, M. ve Uludağ, A. 2005. Allelopathic effects of some brassica species on germination and growth of cutleaf ground-cherry (Physalis angulata L.). Journal of Biological Sciences, 5 (5): 661-665.
  • Üremiş, İ., Arslan, M., Uludağ, A. ve Sangün, M.K. 2009. Allelopathic potentials of residues of 6 brassica species on johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.]. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8 (15): 3497-3501.
  • Weston, L.A. ve Duke, S.O. 2003. Weed and crop allelopathy. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 22 (3-4): 367-389.
  • Yurtsever N, 1984. Deneysel İstatistik Metotlar. Tarım Orman ve Köyişleri Bakanlığı, Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü Yayınları. Genel Yayın No: 121, Teknik Yayın No: 56, s.623, Ankara-Türkiye.

Allelopathic Effect of Some Medicinal Plant Extracts on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Maize, Soybean and Sunflower

Year 2020, Volume: 7 Issue: 4, 1218 - 1226, 20.10.2020
https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.767790

Abstract

Allopathic effects among plants are of considerable importance in existence of different ecosystems, regulating of biodiversity and sustainability in natural environments. Certain biochemicals especially synthesized in medicinal plants inhibit or promote the growth and development of other plants in surrounding environment. This study was carried out with the aim of determining allopathic effect of certain medicinal plants widespread in the Black Sea region of Turkey. The effects of leaf extracts of nettle, black cabbage and rhododendrons with purple and yellow flower in different concentrations (0, 5%, 10%, and 20%) on seed germination and seedling growth of maize, soybean and sunflower were investigated. In accordance with increasing extract doses, very significant decreases were observed in seed germination and seedling growth of maize, soybean and sunflower as compared to the control treatment. The inhibitory effect of increasing extract doses varied rather significantly according to plant source of the extract and the inhibitory effects of nettle and black cabbage were much pronounced than those of purple and yellow flowered rhododendron. In all test plants, inhibitory effects of the leaf extracts on seed germination and seedling growth were in the order of nettle > black cabbage > purple flowered rhododendron > yellow flowered rhododendron. The treatments of 20% nettle and black cabbage leaf extracts completely inhibited seed germination and seedling growth of soybean and sunflower. In conclusion, these results indicate that leaf extracts of nettle and black cabbage have strong allopathic effects on seed germination and seedling growth in maize, soybean and sunflower.

References

  • Alam, S.M., Ala, S.A, Azmi A.R, Khan, M.A. ve Ansari, R. 2001. Allelopathy and its role in agriculture. Journal of Biological Sciences, 5: 308-315.
  • Arslan, M., Üremiş, İ. ve Uludağ, A. 2005. Determining bio-herbicidal potential of rapeseed, radish and turnip extracts on germination inhibition of cutleaf ground-cherry (Physalis angulata L.) Seeds. Journal of Agronomy, 4: 134-137.
  • Atak, M., Mavi, K. ve Uremis, I. 2016. Bio-herbicidal effects of oregano and rosemary essential oils on germination and seedling growth of bread wheat cultivars and weeds. Romanian Biotechnological Letters, 21: (1) 11149-11159.
  • Avcı, M. 2004. Ormangülleri (Rhododendron L.) ve Türkiye’deki doğal yayılışları. İstanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Coğrafya Bölümü Coğrafya Dergisi, 12: 13-29.
  • Ayan, A.K., Çalışkan, Ö. ve Çırak, C. 2006. Isırgan otu (Urtica spp.)’nun ekonomik önemi ve tarımı. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 21 (3): 357-363.
  • Batish, D.R., Singh, H.P. ve Kaur, S. 2001. Crop allelopathy and its role in ecological agriculture. Journal of Crop Production, 4 (2): 121-161.
  • Bhadoria, P.B.S. 2011. Allelopathy: A natural way towards weed management. American Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 1 (1): 7-20.
  • Bhandari, S.R., Jo, J.S. ve Lee, J.G. 2015. Comparison of glucosinolate profiles in different tissues of nine brassica crops. Molecules, 20: 15827-15841.
  • Cheng, F. ve Cheng, Z. 2015. Research progress on the use of plant allelopathy in agriculture and the physiological and ecological mechanisms of allelopathy. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6: 1020.
  • Chou, S.C., Huang, C.H., Hsu, T.W., Wu, C.C. ve Chou, C.H. 2010. Allelopathic pPotential of Rhododendron formosanum Hemsl in Taiwan. Allelopathy Journal, 25 (1): 73-91.
  • Cummings, J.A., Parker, I.M. ve Gilbert, G.S. 2012. Allelopathy: A tool for weed management in forest restoration. Plant Ecology, 213: 1975-1989.
  • Dişli, Ö.G. ve Nemli, Y. 2014. Sinapis alba L. ‟ nın (Akhardal) çimlenme ve gelişimine, bazı kültür bitkisi kök eksudatları ve yeşil gübrelerinin etkisi. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 51 (1): 13-22.
  • Duke, O.S. 2010. Allelopathy: Current status of research and future of the discipline: A commentary. Allelopathy Journal, 25: 17-30.
  • Fahey, J.W., Zalcmann, A.T. ve Talalay, P. 2001. The chemical diversity and distribution of glucosinolates and isothiocynates among plants. Phytochemistry, 56: 5-51.
  • Farooq, M., Bajwa, A.A., Cheema, S.A. ve Cheema, Z.A. 2013. Application of allelopathy in crop production. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 15: 1367-1378.
  • Farooq, M., Jabran, K., Cheema, Z.A., Wahid, A. ve Siddique, K.H. 2011. The role of allelopathy in agricultural pest management. Pest Management Science, 67: 493-506.
  • Fujii, Y., Parvez, S.S., Parvez, M.M., Ohmae, Y. ve Iida, O. 2003. Screening of 239 medicinal plant species for allelopathic activity using the sandwich method. Weed Biology and Management, 3: 233-241.
  • Gülçin, İ., Küfrevioğlu, Ö.İ., Münir, O. ve Büyükokuroğlu, M.E. 2004. Antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiulcer and analgesic activities of nettle (Urtica dioica L.). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 90 (2-3): 205-215.
  • Gürsoy, M., Balkan, A. ve Ulukan, H. 2013. Bitkisel üretimde allelopati. Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 27 (2): 115-122.
  • Maaroufi, L., Hossain, M.S., Tahril, W. ve Landoulsil, A. 2017. New insights of nettle (Urtica urens): Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 11 (4): 73-86.
  • Macias, F.A., Molinillo, J.M.G., Varela, R.M., Galindo, J.C.G. 2007. Allelopathy –a natural alternative for weed control. Pest Management Science, 63 (4): 327-348.
  • Nilsen, E.T., Walker, J.F., Miller, O.K., Semones, S.W., Lei, T.T. ve Clinton, B.D. 1999. Inhibition of seedling survival under Rhododendron maximum (Ericaceae): Could allelopathy be a cause? American Journal of Botany, 86 (11): 1597-1605.
  • Oleszek, W. 1987. Allelopathic effects of volatiles from some Cruciferae species on lettuce, barnyard grass and wheat growth. Plant and Soil, 102 (2): 271-273.
  • Ozkan, T.G.I., Urusak, E.A., Appiah, K.S. ve Fujii, Y. 2019. First broad screening of allelopathic potential of wild and cultivated plants in Turkey. Plants, 8: 532.
  • Önen, H., Özer, Z. ve Telci, İ. 2002. Bioherbicidal effects of some plant essential oils on different weed species. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 18: 597-605.
  • Rehman, S., Shahzad, B., Bajwa, A.A., Hussain, S., Rehman, A., Cheema, S.A., Abbas, T., Ali, A., Shah, L., Adkins, L. ve Peijin, L. 2019. Utilizing the allelopathic potential of brassica species for sustainable crop production. A review. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 38:343-356.
  • Singh, H.P., Daiz, B.R. ve Kohli, R.K. 2001. Allelopathy in agroecosystems. Journal of Crop Production, 4: 1-41.
  • Singh, H.P., Batish, D.R. ve Kohli, R.K. 2003. Allelopathic interactions and allelochemicals: New possibilities for sustainable weed management. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 22: 239-311.
  • Sivritepe, H.Ö. 2012. Tohum gücünün değerlendirilmesi. Alatarım, 11 (2): 33-44.
  • Tawaha, A.M. ve Turk, M.A. 2003. Allelopathic effects of black mustard (Brassica nigra) on germination and growth of wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum). Journal of Agronomy & Crop Science, 189; 298-303.
  • Trezzi, M.M., Vidal, R.A., Junior, A.A.B., Bittencourt, H.V.H. ve Filho, A.P.S.S. 2016. Allelopathy: driving mechanisms governing its activity in agriculture. Journal of Plant Interactions, 11 (1): 53-60.
  • Turker, A. ve Usta, C. 2006. Biological activity of some medicinal plants sold in Turkish health-food stores. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, 20 (3): 105-113.
  • Uludağ, A., Üremiş, İ., Arslan, M. ve Gözcü, D. 2006. Allelopathy studies in weed science in Turkey – A review. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 20: 419-426.
  • Uyanık, M., Kara, Ş.M. ve Korkmaz, K. 2014. Bazı kışlık kolza (Brassica napus L.) çeşitlerinin çimlenme döneminde tuz stresine tepkilerinin belirlenmesi. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 4 (20): 368-375.
  • Üremiş, İ., Arslan, M. ve Uludağ, A. 2005. Allelopathic effects of some brassica species on germination and growth of cutleaf ground-cherry (Physalis angulata L.). Journal of Biological Sciences, 5 (5): 661-665.
  • Üremiş, İ., Arslan, M., Uludağ, A. ve Sangün, M.K. 2009. Allelopathic potentials of residues of 6 brassica species on johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.]. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8 (15): 3497-3501.
  • Weston, L.A. ve Duke, S.O. 2003. Weed and crop allelopathy. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 22 (3-4): 367-389.
  • Yurtsever N, 1984. Deneysel İstatistik Metotlar. Tarım Orman ve Köyişleri Bakanlığı, Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü Yayınları. Genel Yayın No: 121, Teknik Yayın No: 56, s.623, Ankara-Türkiye.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Esra Yıldız 0000-0003-0900-4457

Şevket Metin Kara 0000-0001-7755-1394

Mehmet Muharrem Özcan 0000-0002-3166-2678

Publication Date October 20, 2020
Submission Date July 10, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 7 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Yıldız, E., Kara, Ş. M., & Özcan, M. M. (2020). Bazı Tıbbi Bitki Ekstraktlarının Mısır, Soya ve Ayçiçeği Tohumlarının Çimlenmesi ve Fide Gelişimi Üzerine Allelopatik Etkisi. Turkish Journal of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, 7(4), 1218-1226. https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.767790