Research Article
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Year 2021, Volume: 8 Issue: 4, 1174 - 1186, 24.10.2021

Hüccet Vural

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.985895
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Unexpected population growth and changing living standards in urban areas have led to a continuous increase in the number of motor vehicles. The increase in the number of motor vehicles, on the one hand, caused problems caused by traffic, and on the other hand, caused many pollutants. As the main source of pollution caused by vehicles, exhaust gases, vehicle wheels, heavy metals caused by wear of vehicles and roads. Heavy metals are shown as the most important pollutant in pollutants that threaten human health. In addition, the accumulation property of heavy metals and the ability to remain in nature for a long time makes it necessary to constantly monitor them. Soil and plant samples are widely used in monitoring heavy metal pollution. In the study aimed to determine the heavy metal pollution caused by traffic in Bingöl city center. Bingöl way traffic density in the city center and linked based on the number of minimum, medium, and heavy traffic at the junction of the 3 hosts both plant and soil samples by making measurements on six elements (Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, Co, Fr) the change in concentrations was determined. 18 plant samples and 6 soil samples from six different plant varieties were analyzed using the ICP-MS device in the Central Laboratory of Bingöl University. According to the analysis and evaluation, both plant and soil samples show an increase in heavy metal concentrations in parallel with traffic density. According to soil samples, coniferous plants were found to be more usable as bio monitors than plants that shed leaves. Research results show that Bingöl traffic is not at a level that poses a risk for today in terms of heavy metal pollution. But in order for this positive situation to be sustainable, it is necessary to prevent further increase in traffic load and to pass the intercity transport route around the city. In addition, it is proposed to reduce traffic density by planning alternative transportation routes connecting new and old residential areas in urban transportation.

References

  • Abril, G. A., Wannaz, E. D., Mateos, A. C., Invernizzi, R., Plá, R. R. ve Pignata, M. L. 2014. Characterization of atmospheric emission sources of heavy metals and trace elements through a local-scale monitoring network using T. capillaris. Ecological indicators, 40, 153-161.
  • Alexandrino, K., Viteri, F., Rybarczyk, Y., Andino, J. E. G. ve Zalakeviciute, R. 2020. Biomonitoring of metal levels in urban areas with different vehicular traffic intensity by using Araucaria heterophylla needles. Ecological Indicators, 117, 106701.
  • Anonim, 2020. ICP- MS analiz raporu. Bingöl Üniversitesi Merkezi Laboratuvarı, 3 sayfa, Bingöl/Türkiye.
  • Aricak, B., Cetin, M., Erdem, R., Sevik, H. ve Cometen, H. 2019. The change of some heavy metal concentrations in Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris) depending on traffic density, organelle and washing. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 17(3), 6723-6734.
  • Ataabadi, M., Hoodaji, M. ve Najafi, P. 2011. Biomonitoring of some heavy metal contaminations from a steel plant by above ground plants tissue. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(20), 4127-4132.
  • Ávila-Pérez, P., Ortiz-Oliveros, H. B., Zarazúa-Ortega, G., Tejeda-Vega, S., Villalva, A. ve Sánchez-Muñoz, R. 2019. Determining of risk areas due to exposure to heavy metals in the Toluca Valley using epiphytic mosses as a biomonitor. Journal of Environmental Management, 241, 138-148.
  • Bilge, U. ve Çimrin, K. M. 2013. Heavy metal pollution in soils adjacent to the Kızıltepe – Viranşehir road. Journal of Agricultural Sciences 19, 323-329.
  • Cansaran, A., Yildirim, C., ve Karavin, N. 2016. Availability of Maclura pomifera (Rafin.) Schneider as a biomonitor for the heavy metal pollution. Bangladesh J. Bot., 45(3), 723-726.
  • Çetin, M. 2017. Change in Amount of Chlorophyll in Some Interior Ornamental Plants. Kastamonu University Journal of Engineering and Sciences, 3 (1), 11.
  • Çobanoğlu, O. 2019. The Possibilities of Using Blue Spruce (Picea Pungens Engelm) as a Bio-Monitor By Measuring the Recent Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Its Leaves. Kastamonu University Institute of Science, Msc. Thesis. Kastamonu.
  • Dadea, C., Russo, A., Tagliavini, M., Mimmo, T. ve Zerbe, S. 2017. Tree species as tools for biomonitoring and phytoremediation in urban environments: A review with special regard to heavy metals. Arboriculture & Urban Forestry, 43(434), 155-167.
  • Işınkaralar, O., Isınkaralar, K., Ekızler, A. ve İlkdogan, C. 2017. Changes in the Amounts of CO2 and Particulate Matter in Kastamonu Province Depending on Weather Conditions and Locations. Journal of Chemical, Biological and Physical Sciences, 7 (3), 643.
  • Koç, İ. 2021. Using Cedrus atlantica’s annual rings as a biomonitor in observing the changes of Ni and Co concentrations in the atmosphere. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 1-7.
  • Jawed, A.A. ve Aisha, A. 2019. Usability of horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) as biomonitor for monitoring some heavy metal concentrations caused by traffic. International Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology, 1(1): 16-23.
  • Karakoyun, G. ve Osma, E. 2015. Erzincan’da hava kirliliğine bağlı olarak sarı çamlarda (Pinus sylvestris L.) ağır metal birikimi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 5(2), 67-77.
  • Koedrith, P., Kim, H., Weon, J.I. ve Seo, Y.R. 2013. Toxicogenomic approaches for understanding molecular mechanisms of heavy metal mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health, 216(5), 587–598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2013. 02.010.
  • Madejón, P., Marañón, T. ve Murillo, J. M. 2006. Biomonitoring of trace elements in the leaves and fruits of wild olive and holm oak trees. Science of the Total Environment, 355(1-3), 187-203.
  • Mingorance, M. D. ve Oliva, S. R. 2006. Heavy metals content in N. oleander leaves as urban pollution assessment. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 119(1), 57-68.
  • Mossi, M.M.M. 2018. Determination of Heavy Metal Accumulation in the Some of Landscape Plants for Shrub Forms. Ph.D. Thesis, Kastamonu University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Forest Engineering.
  • Sevik, H., Çetin, M., Özel, H. B., Özel, S. ve Çetin, I. Z. 2020. Changes in heavy metal accumulation in some edible landscape plants depending on traffic density. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 192(2), 1-9.
  • Sevik, H., Ozel, H. B., Cetin, M., Özel, H. U. ve Erdem, T. 2019. Determination of changes in heavy metal accumulation depending on plant species, plant organism, and traffic density in some landscape plants. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 12(2), 189-195.
  • Shaban, N., Abdou, K. ve Hassan, N.E.H. 2016. Impact of toxic heavy metals and pesticide residues in herbal products. Beni-Suef Uni. J. Basic Appl. Sci., 5 (1), 102–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjbas.2015.10.001.
  • Tomašević, M., Rajšić, S., Đorđević, D., Tasić, M., Krstić, J. ve Novaković, V. 2004. Heavy metals accumulation in tree leaves from urban areas. Environmental Chemistry Letters, 2(3), 151-154.
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK), (2021). TÜİK Veri Portalı, 04.08.2021 tarihinde http://tuik.gov.tr/Start.do adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Turkyilmaz, A., Sevik, H., Cetin, M. ve Saleh, E.A.A.2018. Changes in heavy metal accumulation depending on traffic density in some landscape plants. Pol J. Environ. Stud., 27(5), 2277-2284. DOI: 10.15244/pjoes/78620.
  • Ward, N.I., Brooks R.R. ve Roberts, E. 1977. Heavy metal pollution from automotive emission and its effect on roadside soils and pasture species in New Zealand. Environ. Sci. Technol., 11(9): 917-920.
  • Yalaltdinova, A., Kim, J., Baranovskaya, N. ve Rikhvanov, L. 2018. Populus nigra L. as a bioindicator of atmospheric trace element pollution and potential toxic impacts on human and ecosystem. Ecological Indicators, 95, 974-983.
  • Yap, C. K., Fitri, M., Mazyhar, Y. ve Tan, S. G. 2010. Effects of Metal contaminated soils on the accumulation of heavy metals in different parts of Centella asiatica: A Laboratory Study. Sains Malaysiana, 39(3), 347-352.
  • Zeng, X., Xijin, X., Boezen, M.H. ve Huo, X. 2016. Children with health impairment by heavy metals in an e-waste recycling area. Chemosphere, 148, 408–415. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.10.078.
  • Zengin, M. ve Yildiz, N. 2019. Heavy metal accumulation in leaf samples of ''Elaeagnus angustifolia L.'': example of Erzurum. KSU J. Agric Nat, 22(4): 517-525, DOI:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.527475.

Trafik Kaynaklı Ağır Metal Kirliliğinin Belirlenmesinde Peyzaj Bitkilerinin Biyomonitor Olarak Kullanılabilirliği

Year 2021, Volume: 8 Issue: 4, 1174 - 1186, 24.10.2021

Hüccet Vural

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.985895
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Kentsel alanlarda beklenmedik nüfus artışı ve değişen yaşam standartları beraberinde motorlu taşıt sayısının sürekli artışını meydana getirmiştir. Motorlu taşıt sayısının artışı bir taraftan trafik kaynaklı problemleri ortaya çıkarırken diğer taraftan da birçok kirleticiye kaynak teşkil etmiştir. Taşıtların sebep olduğu kirliliğin ana kaynağı olarak egzoz gazları, araç tekerlekleri, araç ve yolların aşınması ile ortaya çıkan ağır metallerdir. Ağır metaller, kirleticiler içerisinde insan sağlığını tehdit eden en önemli kirletici olarak gösterilmektedir. Bunun yanında ağır metallerin birikme ve doğada uzun süre kalabilme özelliği sürekli olarak takip edilmesini zorunlu kılmaktadır. Ağır metal kirliliğinin izlenmesinde ise yaygın olarak toprak ve bitki örneklerinden yararlanılmaktadır. Bu araştırmada Bingöl İlinin trafik kaynaklı ağır metal kirliliğinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bingöl kent merkezinde trafik yoğunluğu ve bağlantılı yol sayısına göre az, orta ve yoğun trafiği barındıran 3 kavşakta hem bitki hem de toprak örnekleri üzerinde ölçümler yapılarak altı elementin (Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, Co, Cu) konsantrasyonlarının değişimi belirlenmiştir. Altı farklı bitki çeşidinden 18 bitki örneği ve 6 toprak örneği Bingöl Üniversitesi Merkezi Laboratuvarında ICP-MS cihazı ile analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analiz ve değerlendirmelere göre hem bitki örneklerinde hem de toprak örneklerinde trafik yoğunluğuna paralel olarak ağır metal konsantrasyonlarında artış görülmektedir. Bitki örnekleri toprak örneklerine göre, iğne yapraklı bitkiler ise yaprağını döken bitkilere göre biyomonitor olarak daha fazla kullanılabilir olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları Bingöl trafiğinin ağır metal kirliliği bakımından günümüz için risk oluşturacak düzeyde olmadığını göstermektedir. Ancak bu olumlu durumun sürdürülebilir olması için trafik yükünün daha fazla artmasının önlenmesi ve şehirlerarası ulaşım güzergâhının kent çevresinden geçirilmesi gerekmektedir. Ayrıca kent içi ulaşımda yeni ve eski yerleşim bölgelerini bağlayan alternatif ulaşım güzergâhlarının planlanarak trafik yoğunluğunun azaltılması önerilmektedir.

Keywords

Ağır metal kirliliği biyomonitor trafik kaynaklı kirleticiler peyzaj bitkileri

References

  • Abril, G. A., Wannaz, E. D., Mateos, A. C., Invernizzi, R., Plá, R. R. ve Pignata, M. L. 2014. Characterization of atmospheric emission sources of heavy metals and trace elements through a local-scale monitoring network using T. capillaris. Ecological indicators, 40, 153-161.
  • Alexandrino, K., Viteri, F., Rybarczyk, Y., Andino, J. E. G. ve Zalakeviciute, R. 2020. Biomonitoring of metal levels in urban areas with different vehicular traffic intensity by using Araucaria heterophylla needles. Ecological Indicators, 117, 106701.
  • Anonim, 2020. ICP- MS analiz raporu. Bingöl Üniversitesi Merkezi Laboratuvarı, 3 sayfa, Bingöl/Türkiye.
  • Aricak, B., Cetin, M., Erdem, R., Sevik, H. ve Cometen, H. 2019. The change of some heavy metal concentrations in Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris) depending on traffic density, organelle and washing. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 17(3), 6723-6734.
  • Ataabadi, M., Hoodaji, M. ve Najafi, P. 2011. Biomonitoring of some heavy metal contaminations from a steel plant by above ground plants tissue. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(20), 4127-4132.
  • Ávila-Pérez, P., Ortiz-Oliveros, H. B., Zarazúa-Ortega, G., Tejeda-Vega, S., Villalva, A. ve Sánchez-Muñoz, R. 2019. Determining of risk areas due to exposure to heavy metals in the Toluca Valley using epiphytic mosses as a biomonitor. Journal of Environmental Management, 241, 138-148.
  • Bilge, U. ve Çimrin, K. M. 2013. Heavy metal pollution in soils adjacent to the Kızıltepe – Viranşehir road. Journal of Agricultural Sciences 19, 323-329.
  • Cansaran, A., Yildirim, C., ve Karavin, N. 2016. Availability of Maclura pomifera (Rafin.) Schneider as a biomonitor for the heavy metal pollution. Bangladesh J. Bot., 45(3), 723-726.
  • Çetin, M. 2017. Change in Amount of Chlorophyll in Some Interior Ornamental Plants. Kastamonu University Journal of Engineering and Sciences, 3 (1), 11.
  • Çobanoğlu, O. 2019. The Possibilities of Using Blue Spruce (Picea Pungens Engelm) as a Bio-Monitor By Measuring the Recent Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Its Leaves. Kastamonu University Institute of Science, Msc. Thesis. Kastamonu.
  • Dadea, C., Russo, A., Tagliavini, M., Mimmo, T. ve Zerbe, S. 2017. Tree species as tools for biomonitoring and phytoremediation in urban environments: A review with special regard to heavy metals. Arboriculture & Urban Forestry, 43(434), 155-167.
  • Işınkaralar, O., Isınkaralar, K., Ekızler, A. ve İlkdogan, C. 2017. Changes in the Amounts of CO2 and Particulate Matter in Kastamonu Province Depending on Weather Conditions and Locations. Journal of Chemical, Biological and Physical Sciences, 7 (3), 643.
  • Koç, İ. 2021. Using Cedrus atlantica’s annual rings as a biomonitor in observing the changes of Ni and Co concentrations in the atmosphere. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 1-7.
  • Jawed, A.A. ve Aisha, A. 2019. Usability of horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) as biomonitor for monitoring some heavy metal concentrations caused by traffic. International Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology, 1(1): 16-23.
  • Karakoyun, G. ve Osma, E. 2015. Erzincan’da hava kirliliğine bağlı olarak sarı çamlarda (Pinus sylvestris L.) ağır metal birikimi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 5(2), 67-77.
  • Koedrith, P., Kim, H., Weon, J.I. ve Seo, Y.R. 2013. Toxicogenomic approaches for understanding molecular mechanisms of heavy metal mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health, 216(5), 587–598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2013. 02.010.
  • Madejón, P., Marañón, T. ve Murillo, J. M. 2006. Biomonitoring of trace elements in the leaves and fruits of wild olive and holm oak trees. Science of the Total Environment, 355(1-3), 187-203.
  • Mingorance, M. D. ve Oliva, S. R. 2006. Heavy metals content in N. oleander leaves as urban pollution assessment. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 119(1), 57-68.
  • Mossi, M.M.M. 2018. Determination of Heavy Metal Accumulation in the Some of Landscape Plants for Shrub Forms. Ph.D. Thesis, Kastamonu University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Forest Engineering.
  • Sevik, H., Çetin, M., Özel, H. B., Özel, S. ve Çetin, I. Z. 2020. Changes in heavy metal accumulation in some edible landscape plants depending on traffic density. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 192(2), 1-9.
  • Sevik, H., Ozel, H. B., Cetin, M., Özel, H. U. ve Erdem, T. 2019. Determination of changes in heavy metal accumulation depending on plant species, plant organism, and traffic density in some landscape plants. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 12(2), 189-195.
  • Shaban, N., Abdou, K. ve Hassan, N.E.H. 2016. Impact of toxic heavy metals and pesticide residues in herbal products. Beni-Suef Uni. J. Basic Appl. Sci., 5 (1), 102–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjbas.2015.10.001.
  • Tomašević, M., Rajšić, S., Đorđević, D., Tasić, M., Krstić, J. ve Novaković, V. 2004. Heavy metals accumulation in tree leaves from urban areas. Environmental Chemistry Letters, 2(3), 151-154.
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK), (2021). TÜİK Veri Portalı, 04.08.2021 tarihinde http://tuik.gov.tr/Start.do adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Turkyilmaz, A., Sevik, H., Cetin, M. ve Saleh, E.A.A.2018. Changes in heavy metal accumulation depending on traffic density in some landscape plants. Pol J. Environ. Stud., 27(5), 2277-2284. DOI: 10.15244/pjoes/78620.
  • Ward, N.I., Brooks R.R. ve Roberts, E. 1977. Heavy metal pollution from automotive emission and its effect on roadside soils and pasture species in New Zealand. Environ. Sci. Technol., 11(9): 917-920.
  • Yalaltdinova, A., Kim, J., Baranovskaya, N. ve Rikhvanov, L. 2018. Populus nigra L. as a bioindicator of atmospheric trace element pollution and potential toxic impacts on human and ecosystem. Ecological Indicators, 95, 974-983.
  • Yap, C. K., Fitri, M., Mazyhar, Y. ve Tan, S. G. 2010. Effects of Metal contaminated soils on the accumulation of heavy metals in different parts of Centella asiatica: A Laboratory Study. Sains Malaysiana, 39(3), 347-352.
  • Zeng, X., Xijin, X., Boezen, M.H. ve Huo, X. 2016. Children with health impairment by heavy metals in an e-waste recycling area. Chemosphere, 148, 408–415. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.10.078.
  • Zengin, M. ve Yildiz, N. 2019. Heavy metal accumulation in leaf samples of ''Elaeagnus angustifolia L.'': example of Erzurum. KSU J. Agric Nat, 22(4): 517-525, DOI:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.527475.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Hüccet Vural 0000-0001-6115-1572

Publication Date October 24, 2021
Submission Date August 22, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 8 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Vural, H. (2021). Trafik Kaynaklı Ağır Metal Kirliliğinin Belirlenmesinde Peyzaj Bitkilerinin Biyomonitor Olarak Kullanılabilirliği. Turkish Journal of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, 8(4), 1174-1186. https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.985895

Cited By

USING Tilia tomentosa IN HEAVY METAL POLLUTION MONITORING IN ANKARA PROVINCE, TURKEY
Eskişehir Teknik Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi - C Yaşam Bilimleri Ve Biyoteknoloji
https://doi.org/10.18036/estubtdc.1211466
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